如何在 WHERE 子句中编写带有 SELECT 语句的 SQL DELETE 语句？

Question

数据库：Sybase Advantage 11

在我对数据进行规范化的过程中，我试图删除从 SELECT 声明中得到的结果：

SELECT tableA.entitynum
FROM tableA q
INNER JOIN tableB u on (u.qlabel = q.entityrole AND u.fieldnum = q.fieldnum) 
WHERE (LENGTH(q.memotext) NOT IN (8,9,10) 
OR q.memotext NOT LIKE '%/%/%')
AND (u.FldFormat = 'Date')
;

这是我想出的DELETE 声明：

DELETE FROM tableA
WHERE (SELECT q.entitynum
FROM tableA q
INNER JOIN tableB u on (u.qlabel = q.entityrole AND u.fieldnum = q.fieldnum) 
WHERE (LENGTH(q.memotext) NOT IN (8,9,10) 
OR q.memotext NOT LIKE '%/%/%')
AND (u.FldFormat = 'Date'))
;

当我尝试运行此语句时，我不断收到此错误：

ERROR IN SCRIPT: poQuery: Error 7200:  AQE Error:  State = S0000;   NativeError = 2124;
[iAnywhere Solutions][Advantage SQL Engine]Invalid operand for operator: = Boolean value
cannot be operated with non-Boolean value.

我也试过这个说法：

DELETE FROM tableA 
INNER JOIN tableB u on (u.qlabel = tableA.entityrole AND u.fieldnum = tableA.fieldnum) 
WHERE (LENGTH(q.memotext) NOT IN (8,9,10) 
OR tableA.memotext NOT LIKE '%/%/%')
AND (u.FldFormat = 'Date')
;

结果：

ERROR IN SCRIPT: poQuery: Error 7200:  AQE Error:  State = 42000;   NativeError = 2117;
[iAnywhere Solutions][Advantage SQL Engine] Unexpected token: INNER -- Expecting semicolon.
-- Location of error in the SQL statement is: 23 (line: 2 column: 1)

有人可以帮助我正确构建删除正确数据的查询吗？

Answer 1

你不应该有：

DELETE FROM tableA WHERE entitynum IN (...your select...)

现在你只有一个没有比较的 WHERE：

DELETE FROM tableA WHERE (...your select...)

所以你的最终查询应该是这样的；

DELETE FROM tableA WHERE entitynum IN (
    SELECT tableA.entitynum FROM tableA q
      INNER JOIN tableB u on (u.qlabel = q.entityrole AND u.fieldnum = q.fieldnum) 
    WHERE (LENGTH(q.memotext) NOT IN (8,9,10) OR q.memotext NOT LIKE '%/%/%')
      AND (u.FldFormat = 'Date')
)

Answer 2

在这种情况下：

DELETE FROM tableA
WHERE (SELECT q.entitynum
FROM tableA q
INNER JOIN tableB u on (u.qlabel = q.entityrole AND u.fieldnum = q.fieldnum) 
WHERE (LENGTH(q.memotext) NOT IN (8,9,10) 
OR q.memotext NOT LIKE '%/%/%')
AND (u.FldFormat = 'Date'));

您没有错过要比较的列吗？示例：

DELETE FROM tableA
WHERE entitynum in (SELECT q.entitynum
FROM tableA q
INNER JOIN tableB u on (u.qlabel = q.entityrole AND u.fieldnum = q.fieldnum) 
WHERE (LENGTH(q.memotext) NOT IN (8,9,10) 
OR q.memotext NOT LIKE '%/%/%')
AND (u.FldFormat = 'Date'));    

我假设它是该列，因为在您的 select 语句中，您是从要从该列中删除的同一个表中选择的。

Answer 3

您需要识别 TableA 中的主键才能删除正确的记录。主键可以是单个列，也可以是多个列的组合，用于唯一标识表中的一行。如果没有主键，则可以使用ROWID 伪列作为主键。

DELETE FROM tableA
WHERE ROWID IN 
  ( SELECT q.ROWID
    FROM tableA q
      INNER JOIN tableB u on (u.qlabel = q.entityrole AND u.fieldnum = q.fieldnum) 
    WHERE (LENGTH(q.memotext) NOT IN (8,9,10) OR q.memotext NOT LIKE '%/%/%')
      AND (u.FldFormat = 'Date'));

Answer 4

曾经做过类似的事情：

CREATE TABLE exclusions(excl VARCHAR(250));
INSERT INTO exclusions(excl)
VALUES
       ('%timeline%'),
       ('%Placeholders%'),
       ('%Stages%'),
       ('%master_stage_1205x465%'),
       ('%Accessories%'),
       ('%chosen-sprite.png'),
('%WebResource.axd');
GO
CREATE VIEW ToBeDeleted AS 
SELECT * FROM chunks
       WHERE chunks.file_id IN
       (
       SELECT DISTINCT
             lf.file_id
       FROM LargeFiles lf
       WHERE lf.file_id NOT IN
             (
             SELECT DISTINCT
                    lf.file_id
             FROM LargeFiles lf
                LEFT JOIN exclusions e ON(lf.URL LIKE e.excl)
                WHERE e.excl IS NULL
             )
       );
GO
CHECKPOINT
GO
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @r INT;
SET @r = 1;
WHILE @r>0

BEGIN
    DELETE TOP (10000) FROM ToBeDeleted;
    SET @r = @@ROWCOUNT  
END
GO

Answer 5

您的第二个DELETE 查询几乎是正确的。只需确保将表名（或别名）放在DELETE 和FROM 之间，以指定要从哪个表中删除。这比在其他答案中使用嵌套的 SELECT 语句更简单。

更正查询（选项 1：使用全表名）：

DELETE tableA
FROM tableA
INNER JOIN tableB u on (u.qlabel = tableA.entityrole AND u.fieldnum = tableA.fieldnum) 
WHERE (LENGTH(tableA.memotext) NOT IN (8,9,10)
OR tableA.memotext NOT LIKE '%/%/%')
AND (u.FldFormat = 'Date')

更正查询（选项 2：使用别名）：

DELETE q
FROM tableA q
INNER JOIN tableB u on (u.qlabel = q.entityrole AND u.fieldnum = q.fieldnum) 
WHERE (LENGTH(q.memotext) NOT IN (8,9,10) 
OR q.memotext NOT LIKE '%/%/%')
AND (u.FldFormat = 'Date')

更多示例：
How to Delete using INNER JOIN with SQL Server?

Answer 6

在我的项目中，我曾经删除重复项。 (В своем проекте использовал для удаления дублей)

DELETE 
FROM
    a_send 
WHERE
    send_id IN (
            SELECT
        PR.dd
    FROM
        ( SELECT MAX(send_id) as dd, COUNT ( 1 ) AS qty, phone_id FROM "a_send" GROUP BY phone_id ) AS PR 
    WHERE
        PR.qty > 1 
    ) 

注意为了不删除公国的所有记录，请使用MAX (send_id)
(обратите внимание для того чтобы в приниципе не удалилесь все записи пользовал MAX(send_id))