Oracle根据当前记录选择另一条记录中的字段

Question

如果记录与当前记录中的某些条件匹配，我需要执行单个 oracle SQL 查询，该查询将返回来自不同记录的字段的值。该数据通过 ODBC 连接从 Oracle SQL DB 提取到 excel 中以生成报告。目前，我从表中提取所有数据并在 excel 中对其进行操作，但记录数量已经增加到这样的程度，以至于这不再是一个可行的选择。 （大约 1/4 百万）

SOURCE TABLE
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|major |minor |step |currentUser |NextUser |comment            |stage |action  |timestamp |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|475   |13    |1    |jim         |bob      |request created    |QA    |submit  |12-19-2005|
|475   |13    |2    |bob         |james    |request approved   |RA    |accept  |12-20-2005|
|475   |13    |3    |james       |bob      |data submitted     |QA    |submit  |12-21-2005|
|475   |13    |4    |            |james    |rejected: thisISwhy|RA    |accept  |12-22-2005|
|475   |13    |5    |James       |bob      |data submitted     |QA    |submit  |12-23-2005|
|475   |13    |6    |            |jim      |data  approved     |SC    |complete|12-24-2005|
|475   |13    |6    |            |         |request closed     |SC    |closed  |12-24-2005|
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

基本上，jim 会向 james 发送请求，但 bob 会批准或拒绝沿途的每一步。这里有 3 次提交，所以我只需要 3 条记录，但有些数据来自不同记录的字段中的数据。目前 jim 获得 1 次提交和 0 次拒绝，而 james 获得 2 次提交和 1 次拒绝。这里的问题是：如果 bob 拒绝 james 提交，则可以将请求重新分配给 sally，并且保存此数据的系统在步骤 4 中追溯地将 sally 指定为 nextUser，这将使 sally 看起来被拒绝，但提交的是 james错误。在这种情况下，jim、james 和 sally 都获得 1 次提交，但 james 有 1 次拒绝。这就是我需要它输出的内容（最后 2 个字段“1”是报告提交和拒绝数量的计数器标志）

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|major |minor |step |submiter |QA_rep|comment            |timestamp  |submit |reject |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|475   |13    |1    |jim      |bob   |thing created      |12-19-2005 |1      |       |
|475   |13    |3    |james    |bob   |rejected: thisISwhy|12-22-2005 |1      |1      |
|475   |13    |5    |james    |bob   |data approved      |12-22-2005 |1      |       |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Answer 1

我猜测了一些逻辑（被拒绝的行是否总是有以“rejected:”开头的评论？另外，被拒绝的行的操作真的会被“接受”吗？我也做了一些假设，对于提交的行，“nextuser”是 qa 用户；如果情况并非总是如此，您可能需要添加一些额外的 case 语句。我猜测了您的情况，其中一行被拒绝并分配给其他人。

如果我的任何假设不正确，希望您能够修改我的查询以适合您的目的。

with source_table as (select 475 major, 13 minor, 1 step, 'jim' currentuser, 'bob' nextuser, 'request created' request_comment, 'QA'  stage, 'submit' action, to_date('19/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 13 minor, 2 step, 'bob' currentuser, 'james' nextuser, 'request approved' request_comment, 'RA'  stage, 'accept' action, to_date('20/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 13 minor, 3 step, 'james' currentuser, 'bob' nextuser, 'data submitted' request_comment, 'QA'  stage, 'submit' action, to_date('21/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 13 minor, 4 step, null currentuser, 'james' nextuser, 'rejected: thisISwhy' request_comment, 'RA'  stage, 'accept' action, to_date('22/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 13 minor, 5 step, 'james' currentuser, 'bob' nextuser, 'data submitted' request_comment, 'QA'  stage, 'submit' action, to_date('23/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 13 minor, 6 step, null currentuser, 'jim' nextuser, 'data approved' request_comment, 'SC'  stage, 'complete' action, to_date('24/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 13 minor, 6 step, null currentuser, null nextuser, 'request closed' request_comment, 'SC'  stage, 'closed' action, to_date('24/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 14 minor, 1 step, 'jim' currentuser, 'bob' nextuser, 'request created' request_comment, 'QA'  stage, 'submit' action, to_date('19/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 14 minor, 2 step, 'bob' currentuser, 'james' nextuser, 'request approved' request_comment, 'RA'  stage, 'accept' action, to_date('20/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 14 minor, 3 step, 'james' currentuser, 'bob' nextuser, 'data submitted' request_comment, 'QA'  stage, 'submit' action, to_date('21/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 14 minor, 4 step, null currentuser, 'sally' nextuser, 'rejected: thisISwhy' request_comment, 'RA'  stage, 'accept' action, to_date('22/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 14 minor, 5 step, 'sally' currentuser, 'bob' nextuser, 'data submitted' request_comment, 'QA'  stage, 'submit' action, to_date('23/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 14 minor, 6 step, null currentuser, 'jim' nextuser, 'data approved' request_comment, 'SC'  stage, 'complete' action, to_date('24/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual union all
                      select 475 major, 14 minor, 6 step, null currentuser, null nextuser, 'request closed' request_comment, 'SC'  stage, 'closed' action, to_date('24/12/2005', 'dd/mm/yyyy') dt from dual),
              res as (select major,
                             minor,
                             step,
                             currentuser,
                             nextuser,
                             request_comment,
                             dt,
                             stage,
                             action,
                             lead(request_comment) over (partition by major, minor order by step) next_comment,
                             case when lead(request_comment) over (partition by major, minor order by step) like 'rejected:%' then 1 end rejected
                      from   source_table)
select major,
       minor,
       step,
       currentuser submitter,
       nextuser qa_rep,
       next_comment request_comment,
       dt,
       1 submit,
       rejected
from   res
where  action = 'submit';

     MAJOR      MINOR       STEP SUBMITTER QA_REP REQUEST_COMMENT     DT             SUBMIT   REJECTED
---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ------ ------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
       475         13          1 jim       bob    request approved    19/12/2005          1           
       475         13          3 james     bob    rejected: thisISwhy 21/12/2005          1          1
       475         13          5 james     bob    data approved       23/12/2005          1           
       475         14          1 jim       bob    request approved    19/12/2005          1           
       475         14          3 james     bob    rejected: thisISwhy 21/12/2005          1          1
       475         14          5 sally     bob    data approved       23/12/2005          1