在 Git 中运行预提交挂钩。有没有办法验证脚本是否正在运行？

Question

我想运行一个 Git，按照博客的建议，我使用 $git init 来初始化存储库，然后创建一个 .git 文件夹，其中钩子存在于 hooks 目录中。然后按照脚本的建议，我重命名了pre-commit.sample as pre-commit，它不起作用，所以我将它重命名为pre-commit.sh，它似乎仍然没有在后台运行，或者我至少不知道它在后台运行。

所以，为了知道它是否在后台运行，我使用了 echo 语句，但我从未出现过。感到迷茫，我接下来尝试在powershell中手动运行脚本.\pre-commit.sh，控制台上没有打印回显语句。一方面，我不知道是否会显示控制台，即使通过用户输入提要暂停脚本的进度，即使 echo 语句成功。

所以请告诉我——如何设置预提交挂钩？我看错程序了吗？我在这里错过了什么吗？请务必告诉我。

我使用的钩子是一个默认的预提交钩子实现，只是为了方便我把它放在这里——希望它

#!/bin/sh
#
# An example hook script to verify what is about to be committed.
# Called by "git commit" with no arguments.  The hook should
# exit with non-zero status after issuing an appropriate message if
# it wants to stop the commit.
#
# To enable this hook, rename this file to "pre-commit".

if git rev-parse --verify HEAD >/dev/null 2>&1
then
    against=HEAD
else
    # Initial commit: diff against an empty tree object
    against=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
fi

# If you want to allow non-ASCII filenames set this variable to true.
allownonascii=$(git config --bool hooks.allownonascii)

# Redirect output to stderr.
exec 1>&2

# Cross platform projects tend to avoid non-ASCII filenames; prevent
# them from being added to the repository. We exploit the fact that the
# printable range starts at the space character and ends with tilde.
if [ "$allownonascii" != "true" ] &&
    # Note that the use of brackets around a tr range is ok here, (it's
    # even required, for portability to Solaris 10's /usr/bin/tr), since
    # the square bracket bytes happen to fall in the designated range.
    test $(git diff --cached --name-only --diff-filter=A -z $against |
      LC_ALL=C tr -d '[ -~]\0' | wc -c) != 0
then
    cat <<\EOF
Error: Attempt to add a non-ASCII file name.

This can cause problems if you want to work with people on other platforms.

To be portable it is advisable to rename the file.

If you know what you are doing you can disable this check using:

  git config hooks.allownonascii true
EOF
    exit 1
fi

# If there are whitespace errors, print the offending file names and fail.
exec git diff-index --check --cached $against --

Answer 1

首先，您可以添加一个简单的回声。

其次，该脚本将由msys bash-like shell 运行，因此您不能直接从 PowerShell Windows 会话中运行它。

第三，确保你确实在索引中添加了一些元素，以便 git commit 有东西可以提交（并且 pre-commit 钩子有被触发的理由）。

---

dennis 添加in the comments：

• 应该重命名为“pre-commit”而不是“pre-commit.sh”和
• 脚本会运行并在命令提示符/powershell 上显示回显语句。