没有什么是开箱即用的,但我们可以根据自定义指标中的公式计算它。
您提供的基本分类链接用于多类分类问题,而 Matthews 相关系数专门用于二元分类问题。
假设您的模型以“正常”方式构建此类问题(即,y_pred 是一个介于 0 和 1 之间的数字,表示每条记录的预测概率为“真”,并且每个标签都恰好是 0 或1 分别代表基本事实“假”和“真”)然后我们可以添加一个 MCC 指标如下:
# if y_pred > threshold we predict true.
# Sometimes we set this to something different to 0.5 if we have unbalanced categories
threshold = 0.5
def mcc_metric(y_true, y_pred):
predicted = tf.cast(tf.greater(y_pred, threshold), tf.float32)
true_pos = tf.math.count_nonzero(predicted * y_true)
true_neg = tf.math.count_nonzero((predicted - 1) * (y_true - 1))
false_pos = tf.math.count_nonzero(predicted * (y_true - 1))
false_neg = tf.math.count_nonzero((predicted - 1) * y_true)
x = tf.cast((true_pos + false_pos) * (true_pos + false_neg)
* (true_neg + false_pos) * (true_neg + false_neg), tf.float32)
return tf.cast((true_pos * true_neg) - (false_pos * false_neg), tf.float32) / tf.sqrt(x)
我们可以将其包含在我们的model.compile 电话中:
model.compile(optimizer='adam',
loss=tf.keras.losses.binary_crossentropy,
metrics=['accuracy', mcc_metric])
示例
这是一个完整的工作示例,我们根据它们是否大于 4 对 mnist 数字进行分类:
mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist
(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()
x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0
y_train, y_test = 0 + (y_train > 4), 0 + (y_test > 4)
def mcc_metric(y_true, y_pred):
predicted = tf.cast(tf.greater(y_pred, 0.5), tf.float32)
true_pos = tf.math.count_nonzero(predicted * y_true)
true_neg = tf.math.count_nonzero((predicted - 1) * (y_true - 1))
false_pos = tf.math.count_nonzero(predicted * (y_true - 1))
false_neg = tf.math.count_nonzero((predicted - 1) * y_true)
x = tf.cast((true_pos + false_pos) * (true_pos + false_neg)
* (true_neg + false_pos) * (true_neg + false_neg), tf.float32)
return tf.cast((true_pos * true_neg) - (false_pos * false_neg), tf.float32) / tf.sqrt(x)
model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
tf.keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape=(28, 28)),
tf.keras.layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'),
tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.2),
tf.keras.layers.Dense(10, activation='relu'),
tf.keras.layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')
])
model.compile(optimizer='adam',
loss=tf.keras.losses.binary_crossentropy,
metrics=['accuracy', mcc_metric])
model.fit(x_train, y_train, epochs=5)
model.evaluate(x_test, y_test)
输出:
Epoch 1/5
60000/60000 [==============================] - 7s 113us/sample - loss: 0.1391 - acc: 0.9483 - mcc_metric: 0.8972
Epoch 2/5
60000/60000 [==============================] - 6s 96us/sample - loss: 0.0722 - acc: 0.9747 - mcc_metric: 0.9495
Epoch 3/5
60000/60000 [==============================] - 6s 97us/sample - loss: 0.0576 - acc: 0.9797 - mcc_metric: 0.9594
Epoch 4/5
60000/60000 [==============================] - 6s 96us/sample - loss: 0.0479 - acc: 0.9837 - mcc_metric: 0.9674
Epoch 5/5
60000/60000 [==============================] - 6s 95us/sample - loss: 0.0423 - acc: 0.9852 - mcc_metric: 0.9704
10000/10000 [==============================] - 1s 58us/sample - loss: 0.0582 - acc: 0.9818 - mcc_metric: 0.9639
[0.05817381642502733, 0.9818, 0.9638971]