简单的蟒蛇纸牌游戏

Question

我对 python 完全陌生，我不知道如何处理这个程序。

我正在尝试构建一个迷你纸牌游戏，它可以执行以下操作

1. 有六个玩家。
2. 在每手牌开始时，每位玩家都会得到四张牌。
3. 对于每个玩家，他们手中的所有对子都被放下。玩家在由两张点数小于 10 的牌组成的对子中获得一分（一张 A 计为大于 10）。玩家为由两张等级为 10 或更高的牌组成的付款人获得两分。如果手为两对，则两者都被放下。玩家获得相应的分数（1 或 2）。
4. 在掉对子后手牌结束。 （玩家实际上并没有输入或做出决定。我告诉过你这是一个无聊的游戏。）所有的牌都放回牌组，重新洗牌，开始新的手牌。
5. 每轮结束后，玩家将按照总分的降序排列。如果两名球员得分相同，则首先打印他们的分数最低的球员。
6. 六轮过后，游戏结束。得分列表中的第一个玩家（如上定义）赢得游戏

输出应如下所示：

Hand 1 deal:
Player 1's hand: 5D 5H KD AS
Player 2's hand: 7D 8D 9C JS
Player 3's hand: 3D 3H 6S 7C
Player 4's hand: 4C 6D 8S TH
Player 5's hand: 4H 5C 7S QC
Player 6's hand: 5S 6H 9H KH

Dropping pairs:
Player 1 dropped 1 pair.
Player 2 dropped no pairs.
Player 3 dropped 1 pair.
Player 4 dropped no pairs.
Player 5 dropped no pairs.
Player 6 dropped no pairs.

Score:
Player 1: 1
Player 3: 1
Player 2: 0
Player 4: 0
Player 5: 0
Player 6: 0

我为这个游戏准备的模块包括。

CARDS.py

import string
import random

suits = ['S', 'C', 'D', 'H']
longsuits = ['spades', 'clubs', 'diamonds', 'hearts']

ranks = ['2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'T', 'J', 'Q', 'K', 'A']
longranks = ['two', 'three', 'four', 'five', 'six', 'seven', 'eight',
        'nine', 'ten', 'jack', 'queen', 'king', 'ace']

ranklist = string.join(ranks, "")

ranklookup = {}
for i in range(len(ranks)):
    ranklookup[ranks[i]] = i

suitlookup = {}
for i in range(len(suits)):
    suitlookup[suits[i]] = i

class Card:
    """
    Class to hold information about a single playing card.  The card's rank
    and suit are stored.

    The constructor takes two arguments, the rank and suit of the card.  The
    rank and suit must be values from the ranks and suits list.

    >>> c1 = Card('8', 'C')
    >>> c2 = Card('K', 'H')
    >>> print c1
    8C
    >>> print c2
    KH
    """

    def __init__(self, rank, suit):
        self.__rank = ranklookup[rank]
        self.__suit = suitlookup[suit]

    def __cmp__(self, other):
        """
        Compare two card objects.

        >>> c1 = Card('8', 'C')
        >>> c2 = Card('K', 'H')
        >>> c1<c2
        True
        >>> c1>c2
        False
        >>> c1==c2
        False
        """
        if self.__rank == other.__rank:
            return cmp(self.__suit, other.__suit)
        else:
            return cmp(self.__rank, other.__rank)

    def __str__(self):
        """
        Return a two-character string representing the card.

        >>> c1 = Card('8', 'C')
        >>> str(c1)
        '8C'
        """
        return self.shortname()
    def __repr__(self):
        """
        Return a the Python code required to construt the card.

        >>> c1 = Card('8', 'C')
        >>> print repr(c1) .split(".",1)[1]
        Card('8', 'C')
        """
        return "%s.Card('%s', '%s')" % (self.__module__, ranks[self.__rank], suits[self.__suit])

    def suit(self):
        """
        Return a character representing the card's suit.  This will be one of the
        characters from suits.

        >>> c1 = Card('8', 'C')
        >>> c1.suit()
        'C'
        """
        return suits[self.__suit]

    def rank(self):
        """
        Return a character with the card's rank.  This will be one of the
        characters from ranks.

        >>> c1 = Card('8', 'C')
        >>> c1.rank()
        '8'
        """
        return ranks[self.__rank]

    def shortname(self):
        """
        Output a short two-character description of the card.

        >>> c1 = Card('8', 'C')
        >>> c1.shortname()
        '8C'
        """
        return ranks[self.__rank] + suits[self.__suit]

    def longname(self):
        """
        Return a long English description of the card.

        >>> c1 = Card('8', 'C')
        >>> c1.longname()
        'eight of clubs'
        """
        return longranks[self.__rank] + " of " + longsuits[self.__suit]



testhand = [ Card('9', 'H'), Card('6', 'C'), Card('7', 'S'), Card('6', 'D'), Card('A', 'H') ]

def deck():
    """
    Return an *unshuffled* deck of cards (list of card objects).

    >>> d = deck()
    >>> print hand_string(d)
    2S 3S 4S 5S 6S 7S 8S 9S TS JS QS KS AS 2C 3C 4C 5C 6C 7C 8C 9C TC JC QC KC AC 2D 3D 4D 5D 6D 7D 8D 9D TD JD QD KD AD 2H 3H 4H 5H 6H 7H 8H 9H TH JH QH KH AH
    >>> print len(d)
    52
    """
    d = []
    for suit in range(len(suits)):
        for rank in range(len(ranks)):
            c = Card(ranks[rank], suits[suit])
            d.append(c)

    return d


def small_deck():
    """
    Return a small *unshuffled* deck of cards (list of card objects).  This is
    smaller than a regular deck and can be used for testing.

    >>> d = small_deck()
    >>> print hand_string(d)
    9S TS JS QS KS AS 9C TC JC QC KC AC 9D TD JD QD KD AD 9H TH JH QH KH AH
    >>> print len(d)
    24
    """
    d = []
    for suit in range(len(suits)):
        for rank in [7,8,9,10,11,12]:
            c = Card(ranks[rank], suits[suit])
            d.append(c)

    return d



def start_pair(hand):

    """
        Return index of first card in first pair of the hand.
        The index is for the order the hand has after sorting.
        If there are no pairs, return -1.

        Side effect:  The hand is sorted.
    """
    hand.sort()
    start = -1
    for i in range(len(hand)-1, 0, -1):
        if hand[i].rank() == hand[i-1].rank():
            start = i -1
    return start





def drop_pair(hand):
    """
    Remove a pair from the hand (list of card objects) if possible.  Return
    the new hand and the number of pairs dropped (0 or 1).  A "pair" is two
    cards with the same rank.

    If there is more than one pair, only the first is removed.

    The hand MUST be sorted by rank before this function is called.  This
    can be done with:
        hand.sort()

    >>> testhand.sort()
    >>> print hand_string(testhand)
    6C 6D 7S 9H AH
    >>> newhand, pts = drop_pair(testhand)
    >>> print hand_string(newhand)
    7S 9H AH
    >>> print pts
    1
    """
    newhand = hand[:]
    for i in range(len(newhand)-1):
        if newhand[i].rank() == newhand[i+1].rank():
            del(newhand[i+1])
            del(newhand[i])
            return newhand, 1
    return newhand, 0



def hand_string(hand):
    """
    Create a string that represents the cards in the player's hand.

    >>> hand_string(testhand)
    '6C 6D 7S 9H AH'
    >>> hand_string([])
    ''
    """

    return " ".join( [c.shortname() for c in hand] )


def _test():
    import doctest
    doctest.testmod()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    _test()

模块结束。

和

pointsort.py

'''
    Module to sort players by points and player numbers.  See definition for
    function sortPlayers() for details of sort order.
'''

def playerToSort(p):
    ''' Represent player number such that lower-numbered players sort before higher-numbered '''
    return -p

def playerFromSort(p):
    ''' Extract original player number from playerToSort() representation '''
    return -p

def sortPlayers(playerNum, points):
    ''' Sort players by total points, then by player number within total points.
        Player numbers are sorted such that low-numbered players are highest.

        Returns list of tuples (playerNumber, points), sorted in *increasing* order
        by the two criteria.
    '''
    keys = []
    for n in playerNum:
        keys.append(playerToSort(n))

    order = []
    for i in range(len(points)):
        order.append((points[i], keys[i]))

    order.sort()
    result = []
    for i in range(len(order)):
        result.append((playerFromSort(order[i][1]), order[i][0]))

    return result

if __name__ == "__main__":
    points = [3, 4, 1, 2, 0, 3]
    number = [2, 1, 3, 4, 0, 5]
    order = sortPlayers(number, points)
    # Note that the following prints results in the WRONG order for A4 
    for i in range(len(order)):
        print "Player " + str(order[i][0]) + " had " + str(order[i][1]) + " points."



i was really hoping if someone could help me with the loops that this program needs, especially the point loop system. 
this what i have so far, 

import cards
import random

new = cards.small_deck()

print cards.hand_string(new)
print len(new)


player1 = []
player2 = []
player3 = []
player4 = []
player5 = []
player6 = []
#shuffle the cards
random.shuffle(new)
num = input('How many cards to deal to each player? ')
while num > 0:
        player1.append(new.pop(0))
        player2.append(new.pop(0))
        player3.append(new.pop(0))
        player4.append(new.pop(0))
        player5.append(new.pop(0))
        player6.append(new.pop(0))
        num = num - 1
#prints out 8 cards for each person

print 'the cards remaining in the deck are: '
print len(new)

#sorts player1 cards and removes the pairs
player1.sort()
print "sorted hand for player 1:"
print cards.hand_string(player1)
newplayer1 = []
player1points = 0

newplayer1, player1points = cards.drop_pair(player1)
print cards.hand_string(newplayer1)

#sorts player2 cards
player2.sort()
print "sorted hand for player 2:"
print cards.hand_string(player2)
newplayer2 = []
player2points = 0

newplayer2, player1points = cards.drop_pair(player2)
print cards.hand_string(newplayer2)



#sorts player3 cards
player3.sort()
print "sorted hand for player 3:"
print cards.hand_string(player3)
newplayer3 = []
player3points = 0

newplayer3, player1points = cards.drop_pair(player3)
print cards.hand_string(newplayer3)   


#sorts player4 cards
player4.sort()
print "sorted hand for player 4:"
print cards.hand_string(player4)
newplayer4 = []
player4points = 0

newplayer4, player1points = cards.drop_pair(player4)
print cards.hand_string(newplayer4)


#sorts player5 cards
player5.sort()
print "sorted hand for player 5:"
print cards.hand_string(player5)
newplayer5 = []
player5points = 0

newplayer5, player1points = cards.drop_pair(player5)
print cards.hand_string(newplayer5)

#sorts player6 cards
player6.sort()
print "sorted hand for player 6:"
print cards.hand_string(player6)
newplayer6 = []
player6points = 0

newplayer6, player1points = cards.drop_pair(player6)
print cards.hand_string(newplayer6)

我在循环方面遇到了很大的麻烦，如果我能得到任何帮助，我会很感激，提前谢谢你

Answer 1

您似乎根本没有使用 pointsort.py，这很好，因为我最终不需要它来实现您的预​​期输出。

# main.py
import cards
import random

deck = cards.small_deck()

class Player(object):
    def __init__(self, number):
        self.number = number
        self.points = 0
        self.hand = []

    def __str__(self):
        return "Player %d" % self.number

players = [Player(num + 1) for num in xrange(6)]  # create six numbered players
rounds = 6
hand_size = 4

for round_num in xrange(rounds):
    #shuffle the cards
    random.shuffle(deck)
    print "Hand %d deal:" % (round_num + 1)
    # deal cards
    for _ in xrange(hand_size):
        for player in players:
            # draw from the back instead of the front: possibly slightly more efficient
            player.hand.append(deck.pop())

    # sort player cards
    for player in players:
        player.hand.sort()
        print "%s's hand: %s" % (player, cards.hand_string(player.hand))
    print

    print "Dropping pairs:"
    for player in players:
        #removes the pairs
        new_hand, dropped_cards, pairs = cards.drop_pairs(player.hand)
        deck.extend(player.hand)  # realistically we can dump the hand now anyway.
        player.hand = []

        player.points += pairs

        how_many = pairs
        plural = "s"
        if pairs == 0:
            how_many = "no"
        elif pairs == 1:
            plural = ""
        print "%s dropped %s pair%s" % (player, how_many, plural)
    print

    print "Score:"
    for player in players:
        print "%s: %d" % (player, player.points)
    print

我还将 drop_pair 更改为 drop_pairs，并让它找到所有对，而不是只找到一个。如果它找到三个同类的值 2 分，四个同类的值 3。

# in cards.py
def drop_pairs(hand):
    new_hand = hand[:]
    dropped_cards = []
    pairs = 0
    for card1, card2 in zip(hand, hand[1:]):  # look at every two-in-a-row cards
        if card1.rank() == card2.rank():
            try:
                new_hand.remove(card1)
            except ValueError:
                pass
            else:
                dropped_cards.append(card1)
            try:
                new_hand.remove(card2)
            except ValueError:
                pass
            else:
                dropped_cards.append(card2)
            pairs += 1
    return new_hand, dropped_cards, pairs

我没有查看您的所有代码，并且没有比“帮助循环”更具体的指导，我帮不了太多，但我注意到了一些事情：

• 在 python 中，您可以直接迭代列表，而不是从 0 迭代到 len - 1 并检查索引。例如：

  # this will work, but it's not recommended
  for suit in range(len(suits)):
      for rank in range(len(ranks)):
          c = Card(ranks[rank], suits[suit])
          d.append(c)
  
  # this is much cleaner
  for suit in suits:
      for rank in ranks:
          d.append(Card(rank, suit))
  

• 但是，有时您确实希望迭代一系列连续数字，或者您只是希望某些代码运行一定次数，在这种情况下您可以使用 range（或 xrange，在 python 2 中更有效）对于大范围）

  # don't do this
  while num > 0:
      do_something()
      num = num - 1
  
  # Do this instead!
  for i in xrange(num):
      do_something()
  

另外，如果您不需要当前数字的“i”变量，您可以使用名称“_”，它经常被重新分配，是垃圾数据的好地方。

• 您还可以嵌套列表。如果您不确定要拥有多少个列表，这将非常有用。也就是说，如果你有六个玩家：

  # no no no
  player1 = []
  player2 = []
  player3 = []
  player4 = []
  player5 = []
  player6 = []
  
  # better...
  players = [[], [], [], [], [], []]
  
  # yes!
  players = []
  for _ in xrange(6):
      players.append([])
  
  # There's also a shortcut called List Comprehensions, which allows us
  # to be even more concise with our list definitions.
  players = [[] for _ in xrange(6)]
  

后两个示例的优点是，您可以通过更改数字 6 或什至使用变量来轻松更改游戏中有多少玩家。他们还减少了代码重复：每个玩家处理他们的牌的逻辑被复制粘贴了 6 次，它们之间只改变了一个数字。这不是很可扩展：如果您想添加或删除玩家，您必须在代码中添加或删除那么多重复的块。而是：

    # no! bad!
    player1 = []
    player2 = []
    player3 = []
    player4 = []
    player5 = []
    player6 = []

    player1.do_stuff()
    player2.do_stuff()
    player3.do_stuff()
    player4.do_stuff()
    player5.do_stuff()
    player6.do_stuff()

    # much easier!
    for player in players:
        player.do_stuff()