如何创建到 SQL Server 的 ODBC 连接？

Question

我尝试使用 Access 在 SQL Server 中调用存储过程。但是很难构建 ODBC 连接，我不知道我错过了什么？还是只需要在 sql 站点中进行一些设置？

我有这样的屏幕：

确定按钮后面的代码是这样的：

      Dim dbPUBS As dao.Database
      Dim tdfPUBS As dao.TableDef
      Dim qdfPUBS As dao.QueryDef
      Dim strMsg As String
      Dim strSQL As String

  ' Check for existence of Server, Database and User Name.
          ' If missing, inform user and exit.

             If IsNull(Me!txtServer) Then
        strMsg = "Enter name of your company's Server." & _
            & "(See your database administrator)"
        MsgBox strMsg, vbInformation, "Missing Data"
        Me!txtServer.SetFocus
    ElseIf IsNull(Me!txtDatabase) Then
        strMsg = "Enter name of database. (Example: xxxx)"
        MsgBox strMsg, vbInformation, "Missing Data"
        Me!txtDatabase.SetFocus
    ElseIf IsNull(Me!txtUID) Then
        strMsg = "Enter user login.  (Example: xx)" = ""
        MsgBox strMsg, vbInformation, "Missing Data"
        Me!txtDatabase.SetFocus
    Else
        strServer   = Me!txtServer
        strDatabase = Me!txtDatabase
        strUID      = Me!txtUID
        ' Password may be NULL, so provide for that possibility
        strPWD      = Nz(Me!txtPWD, "")

        ' Prepare connection string
        strConnect = "ODBC;DRIVER={SQL Server}" _
                & ";SERVER=" & strServer _
                & ";DATABASE=" & strDatabase _
                & ";UID=" & strUID _
                & ";PWD=" & strPWD & ";"
    End If


            Private Function ValidateConnectString() As Boolean
           On Error Resume Next

            Err.Clear
            DoCmd.Hourglass True

       ' Assume success

       ValidateConnectString = True

' Create test Query and set properties

        Set qdfPUBS = dbPUBS.CreateQueryDef("")
         qdfPUBS.Connect = strConnect
        qdfPUBS.ReturnsRecords = False
        qdfPUBS.ODBCTimeout = 5

' Attempt to delete a record that doesn't exist

          qdfPUBS.SQL = "DELETE FROM Authors WHERE au_lname = 'Lesandrini'"

' Simply test one Pass Through query to see that previous
' connect string is still valid (server has not changed)

           qdfPUBS.Execute

' If there was an error, connection failed

          If Err.Number Then ValidateConnectString = False

          Set qdfPUBS = Nothing
          DoCmd.Hourglass False

End Function

Answer 1

您应该访问ConnectionStrings 站点了解详细信息，但是，如果我是您，我不会使用 ODBC。
我的连接是（对于 SQL Server 2012）：

Private oCon As ADODB.Connection

Public Sub InitConnection(ByRef sDataSource As String, ByRef sDBName As String)
Dim sConStr As String

    Set oCon = New ADODB.Connection
    sConStr = "Provider=MSDataShape;Data Provider=SQLNCLI11;" & _
              "Integrated Security=SSPI;Persist Security Info=False;Data Source=" & _
               sDataSource & ";Initial Catalog=" & sDBName
    On Error Resume Next
        Call oCon.Open(sConStr)
        If (Err.Number = 0) Then
            'all OK
        Else
            'Show Error Message / Throw / Sink / etc
        End If
    On Error GoTo 0
End Sub

sDataSource 是“[COMPUTERNAME]\[SQL SERVER INSTANCE]”（与 SSMS 相同，类似于“MyHomePC\SQLEXP”），sDBName 是默认目录，即默认打开的 DB。您需要添加对 Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects 的引用，以便您可以使用 ADODB Connection、Command 和 Recordset 对象（在 Access VB 窗口中：“工具”->“参考...”）。
MSDataShape 不是强制性的，但对于分层网格很方便。


编辑：顺便说一句，来自 connstr。站点：Driver={SQL Server Native Client 11.0};Server=myServerAddress;Database=myDataBase; Uid=myUsername;Pwd=myPassword;（同样，对于 SQL Server 2012，对于 2008，它是“...Client 10”）

Answer 2

这是错误的

    strConnect = "ODBC;DRIVER={SQL Server}" _
            & ";SERVER=" & strServer _
            & ";DATABASE=" & strDatabase _
            & ";UID=" & strUID _
            & ";PWD=" & strPWD & ";"

应该是这样的

    strConnect = "DRIVER={SQL Server Native Client 10.0}" _
            & ";SERVER=" & strServer _
            & ";DATABASE=" & strDatabase _
            & ";UID=" & strUID _
            & ";PWD=" & strPWD & ";"