Excel VBA 代码在使用任务计划程序发送 Outlook 电子邮件时引发运行时错误 429

Question

我正在使用 Excel VBA 宏在每天指定的时间发送自动电子邮件 (Outlook 2013)，该电子邮件与 Windows 任务计划程序一起运行（我正在使用批处理文件来执行此操作）。当我在没有任务计划程序的情况下运行宏时，它会正常执行（发送电子邮件），但是当我使用任务计划程序时，我收到“运行时错误 429”，这仅在 VBA 宏尝试创建 Outlook 对象时发生：

Dim OutApp As Object
Dim OutMail As Object

Set OutApp = CreateObject("Outlook.Application") 'The error happens here
Set OutMail = OutApp.CreateItem(0)

On Error Resume Next
With OutMail
    .to = "email@email.com"
    .CC = ""
    .BCC = ""
    .Subject = "subj"
    .Body = "body"
    .Attachments.Add ActiveWorkbook.FullName
    .Send
End With
On Error GoTo 0

Set OutMail = Nothing
Set OutApp = Nothing

只有在计算机上打开 Outlook 应用程序时才会发生上述错误。 现在我不明白的是：

1. 为什么宏在没有任务计划程序的情况下可以正常工作（不管 Outlook 是否打开），为什么它不能在那里工作？

2. 如何使用任务计划程序执行整个流程，而不依赖于打开或关闭 Outlook 应用程序？ （即，无论打开/关闭哪些应用程序，我都希望宏运行）。

建议将不胜感激。

编辑：这是我用来执行宏的 VBScript 代码（以回应 LS_ᴅᴇᴠ 的问题）：

    Dim WshShell
Set WshShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")

' Create an Excel instance
Dim myExcelWorker
Set myExcelWorker = CreateObject("Excel.Application") 

' Disable Excel UI elements
myExcelWorker.DisplayAlerts = False
myExcelWorker.AskToUpdateLinks = False
myExcelWorker.AlertBeforeOverwriting = False
myExcelWorker.FeatureInstall = msoFeatureInstallNone

' Tell Excel what the current working directory is 
' (otherwise it can't find the files)
Dim strSaveDefaultPath
Dim strPath
strSaveDefaultPath = myExcelWorker.DefaultFilePath
strPath = WshShell.CurrentDirectory
myExcelWorker.DefaultFilePath = strPath

' Open the Workbook specified on the command-line 
Dim oWorkBook
Dim strWorkerWB
strWorkerWB = strPath & "\____DailyReport.xlsm"

Set oWorkBook = myExcelWorker.Workbooks.Open(strWorkerWB)

' Build the macro name with the full path to the workbook
Dim strMacroName
strMacroName = "'" & strPath & "\____DailyReport.xlsm'" & "!Module1.____DailyRep"
on error resume next 
   ' Run the calculation macro
   myExcelWorker.Run strMacroName
   if err.number <> 0 Then
      ' Error occurred - just close it down.
   End If
   err.clear
on error goto 0 

'oWorkBook.Save 
'oWorkBook.Close <<--- we don't need these two because we close the WB in the VBA macro

myExcelWorker.DefaultFilePath = strSaveDefaultPath

' Clean up and shut down
Set oWorkBook = Nothing

' Don’t Quit() Excel if there are other Excel instances 
' running, Quit() will 
'shut those down also
if myExcelWorker.Workbooks.Count = 0 Then
   myExcelWorker.Quit
End If

Set myExcelWorker = Nothing
Set WshShell = Nothing

Answer 1

导致错误的原因是我试图“以最高权限”运行任务：

这在我的环境中显然不可行，所以当我取消选中它时，我正在使用的 VBScript 和@Nikolaos Polygenis 建议的 VBScript 都正常执行。

Answer 2

您应该首先检查 Outlook 是否正在运行，如果是，请附加到它而不是创建新会话：

On Error Resume Next
Set objOutlook = GetObject(, "Outlook.Application")    'Error if Outlook not running
On Error GoTo 0
If objOutlook Is Nothing Then  'Outlook not running so start it
    Set objOutlook = CreateObject("Outlook.Application")
End If

Answer 3

请遵循以下：

1) 在保存为 SendEmail.xlsm 的 excel 文件中写入您的 Sub：

Option Explicit

Public Sub send_email()



Dim OutApp As Object
Dim OutMail As Object

Set OutApp = CreateObject("Outlook.Application") 
Set OutMail = OutApp.CreateItem(0)

On Error Resume Next
With OutMail
    .to = "email@email.com"
    .CC = ""
    .BCC = ""
    .Subject = "subj"
    .Body = "body"
    .Attachments.Add ActiveWorkbook.FullName
    .Send
End With
On Error GoTo 0

Set OutMail = Nothing
Set OutApp = Nothing

End Sub

2）打开记事本写下这段代码并保存为vbs（SendEmail.vbs）

Dim args, objExcel

Set args = WScript.Arguments
Set objExcel = CreateObject("Excel.Application")

objExcel.Workbooks.Open args(0)
objExcel.Visible = True

objExcel.Run "send_email"

objExcel.ActiveWorkbook.Save
objExcel.ActiveWorkbook.Close(0)
objExcel.Quit

3）打开记事本写下这段代码并保存为bat（SendEmail.bat），我已经保存在我的桌面了，你可以随意保存。

cscript "D:\desktop\SendEmail.vbs" "D:\desktop\SendEmail.xlsm"

4) 在调度程序中创建一个调用 SendEmail.bat 的任务