在 ASP.Net Web 表单项目中混合 ASP.Net MVC 自定义路由和部分视图

Question

我正在尝试从用 ASP.Net Web 表单编写的 CMS 缓慢迁移到 ASP.Net MVC。为此，我需要将 Web 部件（自定义控件）的功能替换为部分视图的功能。 CMS 页面包含许多 Web 部件，每个部件最终都应从 MVC 局部视图呈现一些 html。我还需要一种方法来传递每个 Web 部件中设置的参数，并基于这些来构造局部视图。整个目的是将业务逻辑与表示分离，以消除对 CMS 本身的依赖。在此过程中，所有 Web 部件应该仍然可以工作。 您对实现这一目标的有效方法有任何想法或建议吗？

这是我的出发点。我正在尝试将 MVC 部分视图检索为 ASP.Net 管道之外的字符串。为此，我需要使用 HttpContext。由于我没有这个上下文（我只想使用通过某些接口传递的最少属性），我试图创建一个假的。

public class TestController : Controller, ICmsTranslator
{
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        return View();
    }

    public string RenderAsString(IHttpRequest request, IContext context)
    {
        return RenderRazorViewToString("~/Views/Shared/_TestPartialView.cshtml", new TestModels(), request, context);
    }

    public string RenderRazorViewToString(string viewName, object model, IHttpRequest request, IContext context)
    {
        ViewData.Model = model;
        using (var sw = new StringWriter())
        {
            // create a fake HttpContext
            var fakeRouteData = new RouteData();
            if (!fakeRouteData.Values.ContainsKey("controller") && !fakeRouteData.Values.ContainsKey("Controller"))
            {
                fakeRouteData.Values.Add("controller", GetType().Name
                                                             .ToLower()
                                                             .Replace("controller", ""));
            }
            HttpContextBase offlineContextBase = new OfflineHttpContext(viewName, request, context);
            var offlineControllerContext = new ControllerContext(offlineContextBase, fakeRouteData, this);

            // try to use the fake context to get the partial view
            var viewResult = ViewEngines.Engines.FindPartialView(offlineControllerContext, viewName);
            var viewContext = new ViewContext(offlineControllerContext, viewResult.View, ViewData, TempData, sw);
            viewResult.View.Render(viewContext, sw);
            viewResult.ViewEngine.ReleaseView(offlineControllerContext, viewResult.View);
            return sw.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
        }
    }
}




public class OfflineHttpContext : HttpContextBase
{   
    private readonly Hashtable _items = new Hashtable();
    private IPrincipal _user;
    private readonly IHttpRequest _request;
    private readonly IContext _context;
    private readonly string _relativeUrl;

    public OfflineHttpContext(string relativeUrl, IHttpRequest request, IContext context)
    {
        _relativeUrl = relativeUrl;
        _request = request;
        _context = context;
    }

    public override Exception[] AllErrors
    {
        get { return new Exception[0]; }
    }

    public override Cache Cache
    {
        get { return null; }
    }

    public override HttpRequestBase Request
    {
        get
        {
            var serverVariables = new NameValueCollection
                                      {
                                          {"HTTP_HOST", "www.example.com"},
                                          {"APPL_PHYSICAL_PATH", _context.PhysicalPath}
                                      };

            var headers = new NameValueCollection();
            foreach (var header in _request.Headers)
            {
                headers.Add(header.Key, header.Value);
            }
            var formParams = new NameValueCollection();
            var queryStringParams = new NameValueCollection();
            var cookies = new HttpCookieCollection();

            HttpRequestBase httpContext = new OfflineHttpRequest(_relativeUrl, _request.Method, formParams, queryStringParams, cookies, serverVariables, headers);
            return httpContext;
        }
    }

    public override HttpResponseBase Response
    {
        get
        { 
            var httpResponse = new HttpResponse(new StringWriter());
            return new HttpResponseWrapper(httpResponse);
        }
    }

    public override IDictionary Items
    {
        get { return _items; }
    }

    public override IPrincipal User
    {
        get
        {
            if (_user == null)
            {
                // User is logged in
                return new GenericPrincipal(new GenericIdentity("public"), new string[0]);
                // User is logged out
                // return new GenericPrincipal(new GenericIdentity(""), new string[0]);
            }
            return _user;
        }
        set { _user = value; }
    }
}


public class OfflineHttpRequest : HttpRequestBase
{
    private readonly HttpCookieCollection _cookies;
    private readonly NameValueCollection _formParams;
    private readonly NameValueCollection _queryStringParams;
    private readonly NameValueCollection _headers;
    private readonly NameValueCollection _serverVariables;
    private readonly string _relativeUrl;
    private readonly Uri _url;
    private readonly Uri _urlReferrer;
    private readonly string _httpMethod;

    public OfflineHttpRequest(
        string relativeUrl, 
        string httpMethod,
        NameValueCollection formParams, 
        NameValueCollection queryStringParams,
        HttpCookieCollection cookies, 
        NameValueCollection serverVariables, 
        NameValueCollection headers)
    {
        _httpMethod = httpMethod;
        _relativeUrl = relativeUrl;
        _formParams = formParams;
        _queryStringParams = queryStringParams;
        _cookies = cookies;
        _serverVariables = serverVariables;
        _headers = headers;

        //ensure collections are not null
        if (_formParams == null)
        {
            _formParams = new NameValueCollection();
        }
        if (_queryStringParams == null)
        {
            _queryStringParams = new NameValueCollection();
        }
        if (_cookies == null)
        {
            _cookies = new HttpCookieCollection();
        }
        if (_serverVariables == null)
        {
            _serverVariables = new NameValueCollection();
        }
        if (_headers == null)
        {
            _headers = new NameValueCollection();
        }
    }

    public OfflineHttpRequest(
        string relativeUrl,
        string httpMethod, 
        Uri url, 
        Uri urlReferrer,
        NameValueCollection formParams, 
        NameValueCollection queryStringParams,
        HttpCookieCollection cookies, 
        NameValueCollection serverVariables,
        NameValueCollection headers)
        : this(relativeUrl, httpMethod, formParams, queryStringParams, cookies, serverVariables, headers)
    {
        _url = url;
        _urlReferrer = urlReferrer;
        _headers = headers;
    }

    public OfflineHttpRequest(
        string relativeUrl, 
        Uri url, 
        Uri urlReferrer)
        : this(relativeUrl, HttpVerbs.Get.ToString("g"), url, urlReferrer, null, null, null, null, null)
    {
    }

    public override NameValueCollection ServerVariables
    {
        get
        {
            return _serverVariables;
        }
    }

    public override NameValueCollection Form
    {
        get { return _formParams; }
    }

    public override NameValueCollection QueryString
    {
        get { return _queryStringParams; }
    }

    public override NameValueCollection Headers
    {
        get { return _headers; }
    }

    public override HttpCookieCollection Cookies
    {
        get { return _cookies; }
    }

    public override string AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath
    {
        get { return _relativeUrl; }
    }

    public override Uri Url
    {
        get
        {
            return _url;
        }
    }

    public override Uri UrlReferrer
    {
        get
        {
            return _urlReferrer;
        }
    }

    public override string Path
    {
        get
        {
            if (_relativeUrl != null && _relativeUrl.StartsWith("~/"))
            { 
                return _relativeUrl.Remove(0, 1);
            }
            return null;
        }
    }

    public override string PathInfo
    {
        get
        {
            return "";
        }
    }

    public override string PhysicalApplicationPath
    {
        get
        {
            return _serverVariables.Get("APPL_PHYSICAL_PATH");
        }
    }

    public override string PhysicalPath
    {
        get
        {
            var file = "";
            if (Path != null && Path.StartsWith("/"))
            {
                file = Path.Remove(0, 1);
            }
            if (PhysicalApplicationPath != null)
            {
                return PhysicalApplicationPath + "\\" + file.Replace('/', '\\');
            }
            return null;
        }
    }

    public override string HttpMethod
    {
        get
        {
            return _httpMethod;
        }
    }

    public override string UserHostAddress
    {
        get { return null; }
    }

    public override string RawUrl
    {
        get { return null; }
    }

    public override bool IsSecureConnection
    {
        get { return false; }
    }

    public override bool IsAuthenticated
    {
        get
        {
            return false;
        }
    }

    public override string UserAgent
    {
        get
        {
            var agent = _headers.Get("User-Agent") ??
                           "Mozilla/5.0+(compatible;+Googlebot/2.1;++http://www.google.com/bot.html)";
            return agent;
        }
    }

    public override HttpBrowserCapabilitiesBase Browser
    {
        get
        {
            var browser = new HttpBrowserCapabilities
            {
                Capabilities = new Hashtable { { string.Empty, UserAgent } }
            };
            var factory = new BrowserCapabilitiesFactory();
            factory.ConfigureBrowserCapabilities(new NameValueCollection(), browser);

            return new HttpBrowserCapabilitiesWrapper(browser);
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

这是我想在 Web 表单页面中呈现 PartialViews 或 ChildActions 时使用的 MvcUtility 类，但是我认为我没有在 UserControl 中使用它。

不确定您使用的是哪个 MVC 版本，但我知道这适用于 MVC 3 和 Razor Views。

public static class MvcUtility
{
        public static void RenderPartial(string partialViewName, object model)
        {
            // Get the HttpContext
            HttpContextBase httpContextBase = new HttpContextWrapper(HttpContext.Current);
            // Build the route data, pointing to the Some controller
            RouteData routeData = new RouteData();
            routeData.Values.Add("controller", typeof(Controller).Name);
            // Create the controller context
            ControllerContext controllerContext = new ControllerContext(new RequestContext(httpContextBase, routeData), new Controller());
            // Find the partial view
            IView view = FindPartialView(controllerContext, partialViewName);
            // create the view context and pass in the model
            ViewContext viewContext = new ViewContext(controllerContext, view, new ViewDataDictionary { Model = model }, new TempDataDictionary(), httpContextBase.Response.Output);
            // finally, render the view
            view.Render(viewContext, httpContextBase.Response.Output);
        }

        private static IView FindPartialView(ControllerContext controllerContext, string partialViewName)
        {
            // try to find the partial view
            ViewEngineResult result = ViewEngines.Engines.FindPartialView(controllerContext, partialViewName);
            if (result.View != null)
            {
                return result.View;
            }
            // wasn't found - construct error message
            StringBuilder locationsText = new StringBuilder();
            foreach (string location in result.SearchedLocations)
            {
                locationsText.AppendLine();
                locationsText.Append(location);
            }
            throw new InvalidOperationException(String.Format("Partial view {0} not found. Locations Searched: {1}", partialViewName, locationsText));
        }

        public static void RenderAction(string controllerName, string actionName, object routeValues)
        {
            RenderPartial("RenderActionUtil", new RenderActionVM() { ControllerName = controllerName, ActionName = actionName, RouteValues = routeValues });
        }
    }

要呈现 ChildAction，您将需要共享 MVC 视图文件夹中的局部视图：

@model YourNamespace.RenderActionVM

@{
    Html.RenderAction(Model.ActionName, Model.ControllerName, Model.RouteValues);
}

还有视图模型：

public class RenderActionVM
{
    public string ControllerName { get; set; }
    public string ActionName { get; set; }
    public object RouteValues { get; set; }
}

最后在你的 webforms 页面调用如下：

<% MvcUtility.RenderPartial("_SomePartial", null); %> 

<% MvcUtility.RenderAction("SomeController", "SomeAction", new { accountID = Request.QueryString["id"], dateTime = DateTime.Now }); %>