如果任何 SQL 命令失败，则启动回滚

Question

我正在考虑更新我为将 Exchange 消息跟踪日志插入 SQL 而运行的旧 PowerShell 脚本。由于我将消息跟踪日志拉入以制表符分隔的 CSV 文件然后导入它们的方式，我有一个相当大的 SQL 语句，我想回滚并在出现错误或问题时抛出异常...

我按以下顺序执行此操作：

1. 截断我之前在脚本中创建的临时表。
2. 将 CSV 文件中的日志批量插入到临时表中。
3. 将邮件跟踪行插入到邮件跟踪表中 来自临时表
4. 将收件人信息从 Temp 插入收件人表 表。
5. 更新我的服务器表以反映我已经成功的事实 及时上前，插入原木。

以下是我在 PowerShell 中的函数，即使您不了解 PowerShell，也应该很容易看到正在运行的内容：

Function Import-TrackingLogs
{
    $Command = New-Object System.Data.SQLClient.SQLCommand
    $Command.Connection = $Connection
    $Command.CommandTimeOut = 2000
    $Command.CommandText = "
    TRUNCATE TABLE $TempTable1;

    BULK INSERT $TempTable1
    FROM '$ExportTrackingFile'
    WITH
    (
        FIRSTROW = 2,
        FIELDTERMINATOR = '\t'
    );

    INSERT INTO E12_MessageTracking
    SELECT
    CASE LEN([TimeStamp]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([TimeStamp], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [TimeStamp],
    CASE LEN([Sender]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([Sender], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [Sender],
    CASE LEN([Recipients]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([Recipients], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [Recipients],
    CASE LEN([MessageSubject]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([MessageSubject], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [MessageSubject],
    CASE LEN([EventId]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([EventId], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [EventId],
    CASE LEN([Source]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([Source], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [Source],
    CASE LEN([MessageId]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([MessageId], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [MessageId],
    CASE LEN([InternalMessageId]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([InternalMessageId], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [InternalMessageId],
    CASE LEN([RecordGuid]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([RecordGuid], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [RecordGuid],
    CASE LEN([ClientIp]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([ClientIp], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [ClientIp],
    CASE LEN([ServerHostname]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([ServerHostname], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [ServerHostname],
    CASE LEN([ConnectorId]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([ConnectorId], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [ConnectorId],
    CASE LEN([RecipientStatus]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([RecipientStatus], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [RecipientStatus],
    CASE LEN([RecipientCount]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([RecipientCount], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [RecipientCount],
    CASE LEN([TotalBytes]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([TotalBytes], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [TotalBytes],
    CASE LEN([FromServer]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE REPLACE([FromServer], '" + [char]34 + "', '') END AS [FromServer]
    FROM $TempTable1;

    INSERT INTO E12_MessageTracking_Recipients
    SELECT
    SUBSTRING (s.[TimeStamp], 2, LEN(s.[TimeStamp]) -2) AS [TimeStamp],
    CASE LEN(s.[MessageId]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE (SUBSTRING (s.[MessageId], 2, LEN(s.[MessageId]) -2)) END AS [MessageId],
    CASE LEN(s.[InternalMessageId]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE (SUBSTRING (s.[InternalMessageId], 2, LEN(s.[InternalMessageId]) -2)) END AS [InternalMessageId],
    CASE LEN(s.[RecordGuid]) WHEN 2 THEN NULL ELSE (SUBSTRING (s.[RecordGuid], 2, LEN(s.[RecordGuid]) -2)) END AS [RecordGuid],
    f.Value AS [Recipient]
    FROM #E12_MessageTracking AS s
    CROSS APPLY dbo.SplitStrings(SUBSTRING(s.[Recipients], 2, LEN(s.[Recipients]) -2), '|') AS f;

    UPDATE E12_MessageTracking_Servers
    SET LogUpdatedTime = '$EndTime';"

    $Command.ExecuteNonQuery() | Out-Null
}

我可以将每个单独的命令包装到 Powershell 的 try/catch 块中，但我认为最好看看 SQL 是否可以为我处理。

这是我之前在 PowerShell 中的回滚：

$Command = New-Object System.Data.SQLClient.SQLCommand
$Command.Connection = $Connection
$Command.CommandTimeOut = 30
$Command.CommandText = "
DELETE FROM E12_MessageTracking WHERE TimeStamp >= '$StartTime';
DELETE FROM E12_MessageTracking_Recipients WHERE TimeStamp >= '$StartTime';
UPDATE E12_MessageTracking_Servers
SET LogUpdatedTime = '$StartTime';"

$Command.ExecuteNonQuery() | Out-Null

我正在查看此页面 SQL Server - transactions roll back on error?，但不确定如何将其包装到我的命令中，因为我不仅运行一件事，而且运行多个命令。

谢谢！

Answer 1

考虑使用xact_abort：

set xact_abort on
begin transaction
<your big sql statement here>
commit transaction