使用 tkinter 按钮在散点图中填充坐标

Question

我是 tkinter 的新手，我正在尝试构建一个简单的代码来在散点图中绘制一些坐标。 我很好地绘制了一个条目，但是当单击我创建的“添加图表”按钮时，我没有找到如何继续在图表中直接添加一些条目。此外，最好在点附近添加项目名称以及手动指示的颜色。有人可以指导我如何进行吗？

提前感谢您的帮助，

到目前为止，在我的代码下方应该可以正常工作：

代码

import tkinter as tk
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from tkinter import *
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

root= tk.Tk()
  
canvas1 = tk.Canvas(root, width = 800, height = 500)
canvas1.pack()

label0 = tk.Label(root, text='Graphical interface',font='bold')
label0.config(font=('Arial', 12))
canvas1.create_window(400, 25, window=label0)

# Give name of activity - text label  
label_item = tk.Label(root,text = "item")  
label_item.pack()
canvas1.create_window(400, 80, window=label_item) 
# Give entry 1
item_name = tk.Entry (root,bd = 2)
item_name.pack()
canvas1.create_window(400, 110, window=item_name) 

# Give name component 1
label_x = tk.Label(root,text = "Indicate the x")
label_x.pack()
canvas1.create_window(400, 150, window=label_x) 
# Insert slider 1
myslider_x = Scale(root, from_=0, to=100, orient=HORIZONTAL, tickinterval=50)
canvas1.create_window(400, 190, window=myslider_x) 

# Give name component 2
label_y = tk.Label(root,text = "Indicate the y")
label_y.pack()
canvas1.create_window(400, 210, window=label_y) 
# Insert slider 2
myslider_y = Scale(root, from_=0, to=100, orient=HORIZONTAL, tickinterval=50)
canvas1.create_window(400, 250, window=myslider_y) 

# Give name component 3
label_color = tk.Label(root,text = "Select the color of the item")
label_color.pack(pady=30)
canvas1.create_window(400, 290, window=label_color) 
# Insert dropmenu 
clicked= StringVar() #Access the Menu Widget using StringVar function
color_menu = OptionMenu(root, clicked, "red","blue","green")
color_menu.pack()
canvas1.create_window(400, 320, window=color_menu) 

def add_to_chart():
    global x1
    global x2
    global item_name
    
    item = item_name.get()
    x1 = float(myslider_x.get())
    x2 = float(myslider_y.get())
       
    # data = {'Synergy_rate': [x1],'Innovation_rate': [x2]}  
    # df = pd.DataFrame(data,columns=['Synergy_rate','Innovation_rate'])
    
    figure1 = plt.Figure(figsize=(5,4), dpi=100)
    ax1 = figure1.add_subplot(111)
    ax1.scatter(x1,x2, color = 'r',zorder=3)
    scatter1 = FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure1, root) 
    scatter1.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, fill=tk.BOTH)
    ax1.legend([item]) 
    ax1.set_xlabel('x')
    ax1.set_ylabel('y')
    ax1.set_title('x vs. y')
    # Set the limit for each axis
    ax1.set_xlim([0, 100])
    ax1.set_ylim([0, 100])
    ax1.grid()
    ax1.axvspan(0, 33, 0, 0.33, color = "powderblue", alpha=1,zorder=1)
    ax1.axvspan(33, 66, 0, 0.33, color = "palegreen", alpha=1,zorder=1)
    ax1.axvspan(0, 66, 0.33, 0.66, color = "palegreen", alpha=1,zorder=1)
    ax1.axvspan(66, 100, 0, 0.66, color = "darkgreen", alpha=1,zorder=1)
    ax1.axvspan(0, 100, 0.66, 1, color = "darkgreen", alpha=1,zorder=1)
    
# Insert action buttons
        
button1 = tk.Button (root, text='Add in Chart',command=add_to_chart, bg='darkgreen',fg = 'white', font=('Arial', 10, 'bold')) 
canvas1.create_window(400, 430, window=button1)

button2 = tk.Button (root, text='Exit Application', command=root.destroy, bg='lightsteelblue2', font=('Arial', 10, 'bold'))
canvas1.create_window(400, 460, window=button2)

root.mainloop()

Answer 1

我终于找到了处理我的请求的具体代码。我在下面添加它以防其他人发现它也有用。

get_ipython().magic('reset -sf')


import tkinter as tk
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import (
    FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk)
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from tkinter import *
import pandas as pd



root= tk.Tk()

main_fig = Figure(figsize=(5,4), dpi=100)

axis = main_fig.add_subplot(111)
axis.plot(-10,'o-', label='class1',color='w')
axis.plot(-10,'o-', label='class2',color='b')
axis.plot(-10,'o-', label='class3',color='r')
axis.legend(loc='best', fancybox=True, framealpha=0.5)


axis.set_xlabel('x')
axis.set_ylabel('y')
axis.set_title('title') 

# Set the limit for each axis
axis.set_xlim([0, 100])
axis.set_ylim([0, 100])
axis.grid()
axis.axvspan(0, 33, 0, 0.33, color = "powderblue", alpha=1,zorder=1)
axis.axvspan(33, 66, 0, 0.33, color = "palegreen", alpha=1,zorder=1)
axis.axvspan(0, 66, 0.33, 0.66, color = "palegreen", alpha=1,zorder=1)
axis.axvspan(66, 100, 0, 0.66, color = "darkgreen", alpha=1,zorder=1)
axis.axvspan(0, 100, 0.66, 1, color = "darkgreen", alpha=1,zorder=1)

# Create figure in the canvas
scatter = FigureCanvasTkAgg(main_fig, master = root) 
toolbar = NavigationToolbar2Tk(scatter, root)
toolbar.update()
    
# Create main canvas    
canvas1 = tk.Canvas(root, width = 800, height = 500)
canvas1.pack()

label0 = tk.Label(root, text='Graphical interface',font='bold')
label0.config(font=('Arial', 12))
canvas1.create_window(400, 25, window=label0)



# Give name of activity - text label  
label_activity = tk.Label(root,text = "item")  
label_activity.pack()
canvas1.create_window(400, 80, window=label_activity) 
# Give entry 1
activity_name = tk.Entry (root,bd = 2)
activity_name.pack()
canvas1.create_window(400, 110, window=activity_name) 

# Give name component 1
label_Innovation_tech = tk.Label(root,text = "class1")
label_Innovation_tech.pack()
canvas1.create_window(400, 150, window=label_Innovation_tech) 
# Insert slider 1
myslider_Innovation_tech = Scale(root, from_=0, to=100, orient=HORIZONTAL, tickinterval=50)
canvas1.create_window(400, 190, window=myslider_Innovation_tech) 

# Give name component 2
label_Innovation_market = tk.Label(root,text = "class2")
label_Innovation_market.pack()
canvas1.create_window(400, 210, window=label_Innovation_market) 
# Insert slider 2
myslider_Innovation_market = Scale(root, from_=0, to=100, orient=HORIZONTAL, tickinterval=50)
canvas1.create_window(400, 250, window=myslider_Innovation_market) 

# Give name component 3
label_maturity_level = tk.Label(root,text = "class3")
label_maturity_level.pack(pady=30)
canvas1.create_window(400, 290, window=label_maturity_level) 

# Insert dropmenu 
clicked= tk.StringVar(root) #Access the Menu Widget using StringVar function
clicked.set('Click to see dropmenu')
maturity_menu = OptionMenu(root, clicked, "type1","type2","type3")
maturity_menu.pack()
canvas1.create_window(400, 320, window=maturity_menu) 


     
def add_to_chart():
 
    activity_name_text = activity_name.get()

    x1 = float(myslider_Innovation_tech.get())
    x2 = float(myslider_Innovation_market.get())
    maturity_lvl = clicked.get()

    # Set legend color
    color = 'r'

    if maturity_lvl == "class1":
        color = 'w'
    elif maturity_lvl == "class2":
        color = 'b'
    elif maturity_lvl == "class3":
        color = 'r'
          
    axis.scatter(x1,x2, color = color,zorder=3)
    axis.annotate('%s' % (activity_name_text), xy=(x1, x2), xytext=(0, -10),textcoords='offset points', ha='center', va='top')
    
    scatter.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, fill=tk.BOTH) # start plotting window only after first Add_to_chart click
    scatter.draw()  
    

  
button1 = tk.Button (root, text='Add in Chart',command=add_to_chart, bg='darkgreen',fg = 'white', font=('Arial', 10, 'bold')) 
canvas1.create_window(400, 430, window=button1)

button2 = tk.Button (root, text='Exit Application', command=root.destroy, bg='lightsteelblue2', font=('Arial', 10, 'bold'))
canvas1.create_window(400, 460, window=button2)

root.mainloop()