VSCode、C++ 和 CMake - 每个目标一个启动配置

Question

我使用 Visual Studio Code 和 CMake extension 来处理一个大项目。该项目由一些库和可执行文件组成，它们都可以作为单独的 cmake 构建目标使用。

我将 VSCode / tasks.json 配置为使用其默认 build.task 构建选定的目标：

{
  "version": "2.0.0",
  "tasks": [
    {
      "label": "CMake build",
      "type": "cmake",
      "command": "build",
      "problemMatcher": [],
      "group": {
        "kind": "build",
        "isDefault": true
      }
    }
  ]
}

现在，每当我点击<Ctrl-Shift-b> 时，都会构建选定的构建目标。

然后我通过创建 launch.json 文件来创建启动配置：

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "(gdb) Launch",
      "type": "cppdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "${command:cmake.launchTargetPath}",
      "args": ["--serialPort","/dev/ttyS0"],
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      "cwd": "${command:cmake.launchTargetDirectory}",
      "environment": [],
      "externalConsole": false,
      "MIMode": "gdb",
      "setupCommands": [
        {
          "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
          "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
          "ignoreFailures": true
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

现在，每当我点击F5 时，gdb 调试器都会使用选定的启动目标启动。

这很好用，除了只有 一个 的启动目标需要我提供的 "args": ["--serialPort","/dev/ttyS0"]。其他一些人拒绝从给定的这个参数开始。

那么，有没有办法在 VSCode 中使用 cmake 为单独的目标设置单独的参数？

Answer 1

您可以使用扩展名Command Variable v1.17.0

如果您使用命令extension.commandvariable.file.fileAsKey，您可以使用命令变量${command:cmake.launchTargetPath} 来获取用于将键（文件路径部分）匹配到命令行参数的路径。

选择的默认值 (-v0) 是一个命令选项，它被其他程序接受但不做主要事情。经常选择-v 来选择调试日志级别。

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "(gdb) Launch",
      "type": "cppdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "${command:cmake.launchTargetPath}",
      "args": ["${input:arg1}", "${input:arg2}"],
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      "cwd": "${command:cmake.launchTargetDirectory}",
      "environment": [],
      "externalConsole": false,
      "MIMode": "gdb",
      "setupCommands": [
        {
          "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
          "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
          "ignoreFailures": true
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inputs": [
    {
      "id": "arg1",
      "type": "command",
      "command": "extension.commandvariable.file.fileAsKey",
      "args": {
        "@useCommand": "${command:cmake.launchTargetPath}",
        "@default": "-v0",
        "proj1": "--serialPort"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "arg2",
      "type": "command",
      "command": "extension.commandvariable.file.fileAsKey",
      "args": {
        "@useCommand": "${command:cmake.launchTargetPath}",
        "@default": "-v0",
        "proj1": "/dev/ttyS0"
      }
    }
  ]
}

编辑

在 1.18.1 版本中，我已将调试日志添加到 fileAsKey 命令。

1. 将以下行添加到args 属性：

   "@debug": true
   

2. 打开 VSC 的开发者工具：帮助 > 切换开发者工具

3. 清除控制台

4. 使用 F5

   启动调试会话

在控制台中你会发现很多文本，如果fileAsKey 执行没有错误，你应该会发现以下消息：

[Extension Host] commandvariable.file.fileAsKey: debug logs enabled
[Extension Host] commandvariable.file.fileAsKey: use command variable: ${command:cmake.launchTargetPath}
[Extension Host] commandvariable.file.fileAsKey: execute command: cmake.launchTargetPath
[Extension Host] [CMakeTools] [debug] [extension] [6927] cmake.launchTargetPath started
[Extension Host] [CMakeTools] [debug] [cache] Reading CMake cache file C:/Projects/cmakeQuickStart/build/CMakeCache.txt
.....
[Extension Host] [CMakeTools] [debug] [extension] [6927] cmake.launchTargetPath finished (returned "C:\\Projects\\cmakeQuickStart\\build\\helloAll.exe")
[Extension Host] commandvariable.file.fileAsKey: execute command result: C:\Projects\cmakeQuickStart\build\helloAll.exe
[Extension Host] commandvariable.file.fileAsKey: path used: C:/Projects/cmakeQuickStart/build/helloAll.exe
[Extension Host] commandvariable.file.fileAsKey: default value: -v0
[Extension Host] commandvariable.file.fileAsKey: try key: helloAll
[Extension Host] commandvariable.file.fileAsKey: before variable substitution: /dev/ttyS0
[Extension Host] commandvariable.file.fileAsKey: after variable substitution: /dev/ttyS0