无法访问 Task.Run 中的已处置对象

Question

我正在使用 .NET Core 3.1。我想运行一些后台处理，而无需用户等待它完成（大约需要 1 分钟）。因此，我这样使用Task.Run：

public class MyController : Controller
{
    private readonly IMyService _myService;

    public MyController(IMyService myService)
    {
        _myService = myService;
    }

    public async Task<IActionResult> Create(...)
    {
        await _myService.CreatePostAsync(...);
        return View();
    }
}

public class MyService : IMyService
{
    private readonly MyDbContext _dbContext;
    private readonly IServiceScopeFactory _scopeFactory;

    public MyService(MyDbContext dbContext, IServiceScopeFactory scopeFactory)
    {
        _dbContext = dbContext;
        _scopeFactory = scopeFactory;
    }

    public async Task CreatePostAsync(Post post)
    {
        ...
        string username = GetUsername();
        DbContextOptions<MyDbContext> dbOptions = GetDbOptions();
        Task.Run(() => SaveFiles(username, dbOptions, _scopeFactory));
    }

    private void SaveFiles(string username, DbContextOptions<MyDbContext> dbOptions, IServiceScopeFactory scopeFactory)
    {
        using (var scope = scopeFactory.CreateScope())
        {
            var otherService = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<IOtherService>();
            var cntxt = new MyDbContext(dbOptions, username);

            Post post = new Post("abc", username);

            cntxt.Post.Add(post); <----- EXCEPTION

            cntxt.SaveChanges();
        }
    }
}

我在标记的行中收到以下异常：

System.ObjectDisposedException: 'Cannot access a disposed object. Object name: 'IServiceProvider'.'

为什么会这样？我为 MyDbContext 使用了自定义构造函数（而不是 scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<MyDbContext>()），因为我需要保存一个额外的属性（用户名）以供以后在重写方法中使用。

public partial class MyDbContext
{
    private string _username;
    private readonly DbContextOptions<MyDbContext> _options;

    public DbContextOptions<MyDbContext> DbOptions { get { return _options; } }

    public MyDbContext(DbContextOptions<MyDbContext> options, string username) : base(options)
    {
        _username = username;
        _options = options;
    }

    ... other overriden methods
}

我做错了什么？

Answer 1

你应该创建一个具有单例生命周期的服务，并在其中注入一个 DBContext 并将所有任务排队

Answer 2

首先，不要在服务中隐藏线程池操作；让调用代码决定是否在线程池上运行操作：

当您使用依赖注入时，框架会在 HTTP 请求结束时释放您的 DbContext。

您需要将您的服务范围工厂注入您的控制器，并从那里请求服务：

public class MyController : Controller
{
    private readonly IMyService _myService;
    private readonly IServiceScopeFactory _scopeFactory;

    public MyController(IMyService myService, IServiceScopeFactory scopeFactory)
    {
        _myService = myService;
        _scopeFactory = scopeFactory;
    }

    public async Task<IActionResult> Create(...)
    {
        HostingEnvironment.QueueBackgroundWorkItem(SaveInBackground);
        return View();
    }

    private async Task SaveInBackground(CancellationToken ct)
    {
        using (var scope = scopeFactory.CreateScope())
        {
            var scopedService = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<IMyService>();
            await scopedService.CreatePostAsync(...);
        }
    }
}

HostingEnvironment.QueueBackgroundWorkItem 的工作方式与Task.Run 类似，但它确保应用在所有后台工作项完成之前不会关闭。

您的服务需要是这样的：

public class MyService : IMyService
{
    private readonly MyDbContext _dbContext;

    public MyService(MyDbContext dbContext)
    {
        _dbContext = dbContext;
    }

    public async Task CreatePostAsync(Post post)
    {
        _dbContext.Post.Add(post);

        await _dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();
    }
}

---

更新

将附加参数传递给SaveInBackground：

private async Task SaveInBackground(YourParam param)

然后像这样调用：

HostingEnvironment.QueueBackgroundWorkItem(cancellationToken => SaveInBackground(yourParam));