【发布时间】：2019-11-13 13:06:48
【问题描述】：
Here 我发现以下代码显示了 MethodHandles 和 Reflection 的性能差异：
@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 1, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
@Fork(3)
@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
@State(Scope.Thread)
public class MHOpto {
private int value = 42;
private static final Field static_reflective;
private static final MethodHandle static_unreflect;
private static final MethodHandle static_mh;
private static Field reflective;
private static MethodHandle unreflect;
private static MethodHandle mh;
// We would normally use @Setup, but we need to initialize "static final" fields here...
static {
try {
reflective = MHOpto.class.getDeclaredField("value");
unreflect = MethodHandles.lookup().unreflectGetter(reflective);
mh = MethodHandles.lookup().findGetter(MHOpto.class, "value", int.class);
static_reflective = reflective;
static_unreflect = unreflect; //LINE X!!!
static_mh = mh;
} catch (IllegalAccessException | NoSuchFieldException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException(e);
}
}
@Benchmark
public int plain() {
return value;
}
@Benchmark
public int dynamic_reflect() throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
return (int) reflective.get(this);
}
@Benchmark
public int dynamic_unreflect_invoke() throws Throwable {
return (int) unreflect.invoke(this);
}
@Benchmark
public int dynamic_unreflect_invokeExact() throws Throwable {
return (int) unreflect.invokeExact(this);
}
@Benchmark
public int dynamic_mh_invoke() throws Throwable {
return (int) mh.invoke(this);
}
@Benchmark
public int dynamic_mh_invokeExact() throws Throwable {
return (int) mh.invokeExact(this);
}
@Benchmark
public int static_reflect() throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
return (int) static_reflective.get(this);
}
@Benchmark
public int static_unreflect_invoke() throws Throwable {
return (int) static_unreflect.invoke(this);
}
@Benchmark
public int static_unreflect_invokeExact() throws Throwable {
return (int) static_unreflect.invokeExact(this);
}
@Benchmark
public int static_mh_invoke() throws Throwable {
return (int) static_mh.invoke(this);
}
@Benchmark
public int static_mh_invokeExact() throws Throwable {
return (int) static_mh.invokeExact(this);
}
}
结果如下：
Benchmark Mode Cnt Score Error Units
MHOpto.dynamic_mh_invoke avgt 25 4.393 ± 0.003 ns/op
MHOpto.dynamic_mh_invokeExact avgt 25 4.394 ± 0.007 ns/op
MHOpto.dynamic_reflect avgt 25 5.230 ± 0.020 ns/op
MHOpto.dynamic_unreflect_invoke avgt 25 4.404 ± 0.023 ns/op
MHOpto.dynamic_unreflect_invokeExact avgt 25 4.397 ± 0.014 ns/op
MHOpto.plain avgt 25 1.858 ± 0.002 ns/op
MHOpto.static_mh_invoke avgt 25 1.862 ± 0.015 ns/op
MHOpto.static_mh_invokeExact avgt 25 1.859 ± 0.002 ns/op
MHOpto.static_reflect avgt 25 4.274 ± 0.011 ns/op
MHOpto.static_unreflect_invoke avgt 25 1.859 ± 0.002 ns/op
MHOpto.static_unreflect_invokeExact avgt 25 1.858 ± 0.002 ns/op
我不明白的是这行代码：
static_unreflect = unreflect;
static_unreflect（最终）不等于unreflect（非最终）吗？那为什么他们在性能上表现出不同的结果呢？谁能解释一下？
【问题讨论】：
-
其实
unreflect和static_unreflect是有区别的：后者定义为final。 -
@Turing85 谢谢。我看到。但是这两个变量只设置一次 - 当第一次加载类并执行静态块时。为什么重要？
-
那么
final在这种情况下可能很重要。由于参考永远不会改变，因此可以对其进行优化。我不确定热点编译器是否能够推断出unreflect引用实际上是最终的。如果不能，这可能有助于提高性能 -
实测结果已经回答了这个问题……
-
@Holger 有一个来自 Shipilev 的精彩视频（不过是俄语）here。演讲中有好几次他提到当
MethodHandles 是常量时，常量折叠最好发生
标签： java methodhandle