NSIS 设置桌面图标、开始菜单图标和中止/重试/忽略错误

Question

我最近制作了一个 PyQt5 应用程序，并使用 pyinstaller 构建了它。我已经制作了 zip 文件。现在我想使用 NSIS 来获取安装程序。我去了示例页面并复制了以下代码“带有开始菜单项的简单安装程序和卸载程序”https://nsis.sourceforge.io/Simple_tutorials#Simple_installer_and_uninstaller_with_start_menu_item。

我试图阅读文档，但我对安装目录是什么感到困惑，它是安装程序文件所在的位置，还是在 Windows 上的 Program Files 中安装某些软件之后的位置。所有安装文件都在 C:/Program Files/[Some Software] 中可见。是那个文件夹吗？还有SetOutPath。我也想要类似的行为，即安装程序应该在桌面和开始菜单上有快捷图标的复选框。当用户运行安装程序时，它应该指向 C:\Program Files[应用程序名称]。目前，当使用带有复制代码的脚本“a.nsi”运行时，它给了我重试/忽略/中止错误。否则，当我尝试使用带有 zip 文件选项的 make 安装程序时，我得到了不错的安装程序，但它没有放置桌面图标或开始菜单图标，并且它显示的默认安装目录是桌面。

Name "Mailer"
# define name of installer
OutFile "Mailer-install.exe"
# For removing Start Menu shortcut in Windows 7
RequestExecutionLevel user

# define installation directory
InstallDir $PROGRAMFILES


# start default section
Section

    # set the installation directory as the destination for the following actions
    SetOutPath $INSTDIR
    File "Mailer.zip"
    # create the uninstaller
    WriteUninstaller "$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe"

    # create a shortcut named "new shortcut" in the start menu programs directory
    # point the new shortcut at the program uninstaller
    CreateShortCut "$SMPROGRAMS\new shortcut.lnk" "$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe"
SectionEnd

# uninstaller section start
Section "uninstall"

    # first, delete the uninstaller
    Delete "$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe"

    # second, remove the link from the start menu
    Delete "$SMPROGRAMS\new shortcut.lnk"

# uninstaller section end
SectionEnd

<h3> The logs if required</h3> 

MakeNSIS v3.05 - Copyright 1999-2019 Contributors
See the file COPYING for license details.
Credits can be found in the Users Manual.

Processing config: C:\Program Files (x86)\NSIS\nsisconf.nsh
Processing default plugins: "C:\Program Files (x86)\NSIS\Plugins\x86-ansi\*.dll"
 + Banner::destroy
 + Banner::getWindow
 + Banner::show
 + BgImage::AddImage
 + BgImage::AddText
 + BgImage::Clear
 + BgImage::Destroy
 + BgImage::Redraw
 + BgImage::SetBg
 + BgImage::SetReturn
 + BgImage::Sound
 + Dialer::AttemptConnect
 + Dialer::AutodialHangup
 + Dialer::AutodialOnline
 + Dialer::AutodialUnattended
 + Dialer::GetConnectedState
 + InstallOptions::dialog
 + InstallOptions::initDialog
 + InstallOptions::show
 + LangDLL::LangDialog
 + Math::Script
 + StartMenu::Init
 + StartMenu::Select
 + StartMenu::Show
 + System::Alloc
 + System::Call
 + System::Copy
 + System::Free
 + System::Get
 + System::Int64Op
 + System::Store
 + System::StrAlloc
 + TypeLib::GetLibVersion
 + TypeLib::Register
 + TypeLib::UnRegister
 + UserInfo::GetAccountType
 + UserInfo::GetName
 + UserInfo::GetOriginalAccountType
 + VPatch::GetFileCRC32
 + VPatch::GetFileMD5
 + VPatch::vpatchfile
 + advsplash::show
 + nsDialogs::Create
 + nsDialogs::CreateControl
 + nsDialogs::CreateItem
 + nsDialogs::CreateTimer
 + nsDialogs::GetUserData
 + nsDialogs::KillTimer
 + nsDialogs::OnBack
 + nsDialogs::OnChange
 + nsDialogs::OnClick
 + nsDialogs::OnNotify
 + nsDialogs::SelectFileDialog
 + nsDialogs::SelectFolderDialog
 + nsDialogs::SetRTL
 + nsDialogs::SetUserData
 + nsDialogs::Show
 + nsExec::Exec
 + nsExec::ExecToLog
 + nsExec::ExecToStack
 + nsisdl::download
 + nsisdl::download_quiet
 + splash::show

!define: "MUI_INSERT_NSISCONF"=""

Changing directory to: "C:\Users\Dell\Desktop\New folder (3)\f"

Processing script file: "C:\Users\Dell\Desktop\New folder (3)\f\a.nsi" (ACP)
Name: "Mailer"
OutFile: "Mailer-install.exe"
InstallDir: "$PROGRAMFILES"
Section: ""
SetOutPath: "$INSTDIR"
File: "Mailer.zip" [compress] 57197161/57534535 bytes
WriteUninstaller: "$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe"
CreateShortcut: "$SMPROGRAMS\new shortcut.lnk"->"$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe"  icon:,0, nwd=0, showmode=0x0, hotkey=0x0, comment=
SectionEnd
Section: "uninstall"
Delete: "$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe"
Delete: "$SMPROGRAMS\new shortcut.lnk"
SectionEnd

Processed 1 file, writing output (x86-ansi):
warning 7998: ANSI targets are deprecated
Processing pages... Done!
Removing unused resources... Done!
Generating language tables... Done!
Generating uninstaller... Done!

Output: "C:\Users\Dell\Desktop\New folder (3)\f\Mailer-install.exe"
Install: 1 page (64 bytes), 1 section (2072 bytes), 5 instructions (140 bytes), 40 strings (726 bytes), 1 language table (198 bytes).
Uninstall: 1 page (128 bytes), 1 section (2072 bytes), 3 instructions (84 bytes), 39 strings (617 bytes), 1 language table (194 bytes).

Using zlib compression.

EXE header size:               36352 / 37888 bytes
Install code:                    728 / 2568 bytes
Install data:               57197165 / 57534547 bytes
Uninstall code+data:             909 / 1409 bytes
CRC (0x02F0CF53):                  4 / 4 bytes

Total size:                 57235158 / 57576416 bytes (99.4%)

1 warning:
  7998: ANSI targets are deprecated

Answer 1

您在示例脚本中进行了致命更改，将 InstallDir 更改为 $PROGRAMFILES，如果您不是提升的管理员，则无法写入 $PROGRAMFILES！

要让用户选择是否创建快捷方式，请将其放在单独的Section 中并添加组件页面：

Name "MyApp"
OutFile "MyAppSetup.exe"
Unicode True
RequestExecutionLevel Admin ; Request UAC elevation
InstallDir "$ProgramFiles\$(^Name)"

Page Components
Page Directory
Page InstFiles

Uninstpage UninstConfirm
Uninstpage InstFiles

!include LogicLib.nsh

!macro EnsureAdminRights
  UserInfo::GetAccountType
  Pop $0
  ${If} $0 != "admin" ; Require admin rights on WinNT4+
    MessageBox MB_IconStop "Administrator rights required!"
    SetErrorLevel 740 ; ERROR_ELEVATION_REQUIRED
    Quit
  ${EndIf}
!macroend

Function .onInit
  SetShellVarContext All
  !insertmacro EnsureAdminRights
FunctionEnd

Function un.onInit
  SetShellVarContext All
  !insertmacro EnsureAdminRights
FunctionEnd


Section "Program files (Required)"
  SectionIn Ro
  SetOutPath $InstDir ; Sets the output directory for File instructions
  WriteUninstaller "$InstDir\Uninst.exe"
  File "/oname=$InstDir\MyApp.exe" "${NSISDIR}\Bin\MakeLangId.exe" ; Pretend that we have a real application to install
SectionEnd

Section "Start Menu shortcut"
  CreateShortcut /NoWorkingDir "$SMPrograms\$(^Name).lnk" "$InstDir\MyApp.exe"
SectionEnd


Section -Uninstall
  Delete "$InstDir\MyApp.exe"
  Delete "$InstDir\Uninst.exe"
  RMDir "$InstDir"

  Delete "$SMPrograms\$(^Name).lnk"
SectionEnd

注意：这是install-shared.nsi example script 的略微修改版本。该脚本还将卸载程序注册到控制面板/设置应用程序中，您也应该在真正的安装程序中执行此操作。