关闭另一个窗口后如何重新打开窗口？

Question

我从事基于 qml 的应用程序。

环境：

• Windows 10 64 位
• Python3.7
• PyQt5
• Qt 5.13.1
• 构建和运行：桌面 Qt 5.13.1 MSVC2015 64 位

我希望有以下行为：

• 最初，会显示登录窗口。
• 获取访问令牌后，登录页面关闭并显示常规 窗口打开。
• 关闭常规窗口后，登录窗口再次打开。
• 关闭登录窗口后（字面意思是，如果我在关闭登录窗口后没有访问令牌）我的程序完成。

现在我在关闭没有访问令牌的登录窗口后遇到以下问题 (login.res_token == "")：

The program has unexpectedly finished.
The process was ended forcefully.
...\Python\Python37\python.exe crashed.

一段main.py：

def init_app():
    app_login = QGuiApplication(sys.argv)
    engine = QQmlApplicationEngine()

    manager = ComponentCacheManager(engine)
    context = engine.rootContext()
    context.setContextProperty("componentCache", manager)

    current_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
    qml_file = os.path.join(current_path, 'ui/LoginPage.qml')
    engine.load(qml_file)

    login = Login()
    engine.rootContext().setContextProperty("login", login)

    win = engine.rootObjects()[0]

    win.show()

    app_login.exec_()

    if(login.res_token != ""):
        main_app = QGuiApplication(sys.argv)
        engine = QQmlApplicationEngine()

        manager = ComponentCacheManager(engine)
        context = engine.rootContext()
        context.setContextProperty("componentCache", manager)

        current_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
        qml_file = os.path.join(current_path, 'ui/GeneralPage.qml')
        engine.load(qml_file)

        engine.rootContext().setContextProperty("access_token", login.res_token)

        win = engine.rootObjects()[0]

        win.show()
        main_app.exec_()
        init_app()
    else:
        sys.exit()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    init_app()

但是，如果我以另一种方式（不使用递归）进行编码，则此操作可以正常工作。例如：

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app_login = QGuiApplication(sys.argv)
    engine = QQmlApplicationEngine()

    manager = ComponentCacheManager(engine)
    context = engine.rootContext()
    context.setContextProperty("componentCache", manager)

    current_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
    qml_file = os.path.join(current_path, 'ui/LoginPage.qml')
    engine.load(qml_file)

    login = Login()
    engine.rootContext().setContextProperty("login", login)

    win = engine.rootObjects()[0]

    win.show()

    app_login.exec_()

    if(login.res_token != ""):
        main_app = QGuiApplication(sys.argv)
        engine = QQmlApplicationEngine()

        manager = ComponentCacheManager(engine)
        context = engine.rootContext()
        context.setContextProperty("componentCache", manager)

        current_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
        qml_file = os.path.join(current_path, 'ui/GeneralPage.qml')
        engine.load(qml_file)

        engine.rootContext().setContextProperty("access_token", login.res_token)

        win = engine.rootObjects()[0]

        win.show()
        main_app.exec_()
    else:
        sys.exit()

但是这里我在关闭常规窗口后没有重新打开登录窗口。

如果我写这样的东西，程序在关闭常规窗口后会崩溃并出现同样的错误：

if __name__ == "__main__":
    while(True):
        app_login = QGuiApplication(sys.argv)
        engine = QQmlApplicationEngine()

        manager = ComponentCacheManager(engine)
        context = engine.rootContext()
        context.setContextProperty("componentCache", manager)

        current_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
        qml_file = os.path.join(current_path, 'ui/LoginPage.qml')
        engine.load(qml_file)

        login = Login()
        engine.rootContext().setContextProperty("login", login)

        win = engine.rootObjects()[0]

        win.show()

        app_login.exec_()

        if(login.res_token != ""):
            main_app = QGuiApplication(sys.argv)
            engine = QQmlApplicationEngine()

            manager = ComponentCacheManager(engine)
            context = engine.rootContext()
            context.setContextProperty("componentCache", manager)

            current_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
            qml_file = os.path.join(current_path, 'ui/GeneralPage.qml')
            engine.load(qml_file)

            engine.rootContext().setContextProperty("access_token", login.res_token)

            win = engine.rootObjects()[0]

            win.show()
            main_app.exec_()
        else:
            break
    sys.exit()

如何更好地解决这个问题？

Answer 1

逻辑是使用信号通知更改，并在逻辑部分更改页面

import os

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtQml


class AuthenticationManager(QtCore.QObject):
    login_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()
    logout_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self._token = ""

    @QtCore.pyqtProperty(str, constant=True)
    def token(self):
        return self._token

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(str, str, result=bool)
    def login(self, username, password):
        self._token = self._get_token(username, password)
        if self.token:
            self.login_signal.emit()
            return True
        return False

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot()
    def logout(self):
        self._token = ""
        self.logout_signal.emit()

    def _get_token(self, username, password):
        "emulate token"
        if username == "user" and password == "pass":
            return "Token"
        return ""


class WindowManager(QtCore.QObject):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)

        self._current_page = ""

        self._engine = QtQml.QQmlApplicationEngine()

        self._authentication = AuthenticationManager()
        self._authentication.login_signal.connect(self.on_login_signal)
        self._authentication.logout_signal.connect(self.on_logout_signal)

        self._engine.rootContext().setContextProperty(
            "authentication", self._authentication
        )

    def init(self):
        self.on_logout_signal()

    def on_login_signal(self):
        self.current_page = "ui/GeneralPage.qml"

    def on_logout_signal(self):
        self.current_page = "ui/LoginPage.qml"

    @property
    def current_page(self):
        return self._current_page

    @current_page.setter
    def current_page(self, page):
        self._current_page = page
        current_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
        qml_file = os.path.join(current_dir, self.current_page)
        self._engine.load(qml_file)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys

    app = QtGui.QGuiApplication(sys.argv)
    manager = WindowManager()
    manager.init()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

LoginPage.qml

import QtQuick 2.13
import QtQuick.Controls 2.13 

ApplicationWindow {
    id: root
    visible: true
    width: 640
    height: 480
    title: "Login Page"

    Row{
        TextField {
            id: username
            placeholderText: qsTr("Enter name")
        }
        TextField {
            id: password
            placeholderText: qsTr("Enter password")
            echoMode: TextInput.Password
        }
        Button{
            text: "Login"
            onClicked: {
                if(authentication.login(username.text, password.text)){
                    console.log("token:", authentication.token)
                    root.close()
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

GeneralPage.qml

import QtQuick 2.13
import QtQuick.Controls 2.13 

ApplicationWindow {
    id: root
    visible: true
    width: 640
    height: 480
    title: "General Page"
    Button{
        text: "Logout"
        onClicked: close()
    }
    onClosing: authentication.logout()
}