通用 Windows 10.16299 Windows 运行时组件构建错误答案

【问题标题】：Universal Windows 10.16299 Windows Runtime Component build error通用 Windows 10.16299 Windows 运行时组件构建错误
【发布时间】：2018-09-02 02:34:09
【问题描述】：

我已经编写了一个面向 Windows 10 build 16299 的 Xamarin UWP（通用 Windows）应用程序。目前我正在应用程序内同步数据并将其存储在领域数据库中以供离线使用。我想将同步代码移动到后台任务，以便它可以按计划运行，在后台更新数据。我添加了一个类型为 Windows 运行时组件的新项目，也针对 Windows 10 build 16299。添加了 realm 和 newtonsoft.json 作为 nuget 包。当我尝试构建项目时，出现构建错误。我该如何解决这个错误？

示例项目可以在这里找到https://github.com/GuidoNeele/RealmWindowsRuntimeComponentTest

构建输出

ExportWindowsMDFile:
  C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\AppxPackage\winmdexp.exe /mp:obj\x86\Debug\RealmTest.UWP.BackgroundSync.compile.pdb
  /pdb:obj\x86\Debug\RealmTest.UWP.BackgroundSync.pdb
  /out:obj\x86\Debug\RealmTest.UWP.BackgroundSync.winmd
  /utf8output
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  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\References\10.0.16299.0\Windows.Devices.SmartCards.SmartCardBackgroundTriggerContract\3.0.0.0\Windows.Devices.SmartCards.SmartCardBackgroundTriggerContract.winmd
  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\References\10.0.16299.0\Windows.Devices.SmartCards.SmartCardEmulatorContract\5.0.0.0\Windows.Devices.SmartCards.SmartCardEmulatorContract.winmd
  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\References\10.0.16299.0\Windows.Foundation.FoundationContract\3.0.0.0\Windows.Foundation.FoundationContract.winmd
  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\References\10.0.16299.0\Windows.Foundation.UniversalApiContract\5.0.0.0\Windows.Foundation.UniversalApiContract.winmd
  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\References\10.0.16299.0\Windows.Gaming.XboxLive.StorageApiContract\1.0.0.0\Windows.Gaming.XboxLive.StorageApiContract.winmd
  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\References\10.0.16299.0\Windows.Graphics.Printing3D.Printing3DContract\4.0.0.0\Windows.Graphics.Printing3D.Printing3DContract.winmd
  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\References\10.0.16299.0\Windows.Networking.Connectivity.WwanContract\1.0.0.0\Windows.Networking.Connectivity.WwanContract.winmd
  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\References\10.0.16299.0\Windows.Services.Store.StoreContract\2.0.0.0\Windows.Services.Store.StoreContract.winmd
  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\References\10.0.16299.0\Windows.Services.TargetedContent.TargetedContentContract\1.0.0.0\Windows.Services.TargetedContent.TargetedContentContract.winmd
  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\References\10.0.16299.0\Windows.System.Profile.ProfileHardwareTokenContract\1.0.0.0\Windows.System.Profile.ProfileHardwareTokenContract.winmd
  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\References\10.0.16299.0\Windows.System.Profile.ProfileSharedModeContract\2.0.0.0\Windows.System.Profile.ProfileSharedModeContract.winmd
  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\References\10.0.16299.0\Windows.UI.ViewManagement.ViewManagementViewScalingContract\1.0.0.0\Windows.UI.ViewManagement.ViewManagementViewScalingContract.winmd
  /reference:<Windows Kits Path>\10\UnionMetadata\facade\Windows.winmd
  obj\x86\Debug\RealmTest.UWP.BackgroundSync.winmdobj
WINMDEXP : error WME1007: Could not resolve reference 'Assembly(Name=System.Collections, Version=4.2.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a)'.

Build FAILED.


"C:\DEV\Test\Realm\RealmTest\RealmTest.UWP.BackgroundSync\RealmTest.UWP.BackgroundSync.csproj" (default target) (1) ->
(ExportWindowsMDFile target) -> 
  WINMDEXP : error WME1007: Could not resolve reference 'Assembly(Name=System.Collections, Version=4.2.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a)'.

    1 Warning(s)
    1 Error(s)

Time Elapsed 00:00:01.22
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

【问题讨论】：

根据您的描述，这个问题很难诊断。请上传minimal reproducible example 供我们测试。
@xavier-xie-msft 我添加了一个示例项目以使我的问题更加清晰。 github.com/GuidoNeele/RealmWindowsRuntimeComponentTest

标签： c# uwp realm windows-10-universal

【解决方案1】：

realm官方文档有解释：

UWP、.NET Core 和其他 .NET Standard 项目注意事项：由于 NuGet 3.1 的更改，包不再能够创建内容文件，因此 FodyWeavers.xml 将不会自动创建。您需要手动创建文件并粘贴上面的内容。更多信息请参考this post。

我按照该帖子中的这些步骤并成功编译了我的 UWP 运行时组件。

install-package Fody
手动将此 FodyWeavers.xml 文件添加到您的项目中
install-package Fielder.Fody 和 install-package PropertyChanged.Fody
将编织器添加到 xml
将 PropertyChanged 添加到 xml

[2018 年 3 月 28 日更新]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Weavers>
  <Fielder/>
  <PropertyChanged/>
</Weavers>

【讨论】：

据我了解，您只需要手动添加 FodyWeavers.xml，而不是以前通过 nuget 自动添加，然后添加。我不知道如何安装 Fody 和 weavers解决构建错误。你说的我试过了，可惜没用。
会对您的构建日志感兴趣，以查看正在使用哪些引用。我已将构建输出设置为正常而不是最小，以查看 ExportWindowsMDFile 启动。
@xavier-xie-msft 你能把添加到 XML 文件中吗？没有它，项目就会构建，但如果你包含它，构建将失败。
遇到与@GuidoNeele 相同的问题，有人找到解决方案了吗？

【解决方案2】：

我正在使用 Shiny (https://github.com/shinyorg/shiny) 来运行后台任务。

【讨论】：