使用 WinForm 作为 UWP 的 AppService

Question

我试图弄清楚如何将数据发送到我的 WinForm 组件，而不必总是回复 WinForm 发送的消息。我知道可以在 UWP App 的package.appxmanifest 中设置 AppService 名称等。但是，在 WinForms 这样的 Win32 环境中，这相当于什么。

是否需要任何代码来帮助获得答案？

谢谢

编辑

目前，我的 UWP 应用每隔几毫秒响应一次从我的 WinForm 组件发送的消息。

App.xaml.cs

protected override void OnBackgroundActivated(BackgroundActivatedEventArgs args)
{
    base.OnBackgroundActivated(args);
    if (args.TaskInstance.TriggerDetails is AppServiceTriggerDetails)
    {
        appServiceDeferral = args.TaskInstance.GetDeferral();
        args.TaskInstance.Canceled += OnTaskCanceled; // Associate a cancellation handler with the background task.

        AppServiceTriggerDetails details = args.TaskInstance.TriggerDetails as AppServiceTriggerDetails;
        Connection = details.AppServiceConnection;
        Connection.RequestReceived += (new MainPage()).Connection_OnRequestReceived; 
    }
}

MainPage.xaml.cs

public async void Connection_OnRequestReceived(AppServiceConnection sender, AppServiceRequestReceivedEventArgs args)
{
    // write setting to stop timer
    localSettings.Values["Win32Working"] = "True";

    // read content
    if (args.Request.Message.ContainsKey("content"))
    {
        object message = null;
        args.Request.Message.TryGetValue("content", out message);
        // if message is an int[]
        if (message is int[])
        {
            // init field vars
            int indexInArray = 0;
            bool newTest1On = false;
            bool newTest2On = false;
            bool newTest3On = false;

            foreach (int trueorfalse in (int[])message)
            {
                // set bool state based on index
                switch (indexInArray)
                {
                    case 0:
                        newCapsOn = Convert.ToBoolean(trueorfalse);
                        localSettings.Values["Test1"] = (Convert.ToBoolean(trueorfalse)).ToString();
                        break;
                    case 1:
                        newNumOn = Convert.ToBoolean(trueorfalse);
                        localSettings.Values["Test2"] = (Convert.ToBoolean(trueorfalse)).ToString();
                        break;
                    case 2:
                        newScrollOn = Convert.ToBoolean(trueorfalse);
                        localSettings.Values["Test3"] = (Convert.ToBoolean(trueorfalse)).ToString();
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
                indexInArray++;
            }

            if (newTest1On != Test1On || newTest2On != Test2On || newTest3On != Test3On)
                localSettings.Values["updateUI"] = true.ToString();

            // update bools
            Test1On = newTest1On;
            Test2On = newTest2On;
            Test3On = neTest3On;

            // if exit requested
            if (Convert.ToBoolean(localSettings.Values["sendExit"]))
            {
                // tell WinForm to exit
                ValueSet messageExit = new ValueSet();
                messageExit.Add("exit", null);
                AppServiceResponseStatus responseStatus = await args.Request.SendResponseAsync(messageExit);
                localSettings.Values["sendExit"] = false.ToString();
                localSettings.Values["Win32Working"] = false.ToString();
            }
        }
    }
    else if (args.Request.Message.ContainsKey("request"))
    {
        if (!Convert.ToBoolean(localSettings.Values["sendExit"]))
        {
            // send current settings as response
            AppServiceResponseStatus responseStatus = await args.Request.SendResponseAsync(UpdateWin32());
        }
        else
        {
            // tell WinForm to exit
            ValueSet message = new ValueSet();
            message.Add("exit", null);
            AppServiceResponseStatus responseStatus = await args.Request.SendResponseAsync(message);
            localSettings.Values["sendExit"] = false.ToString();
            localSettings.Values["Win32Working"] = false.ToString();
        }
    }
    else if (args.Request.Message.ContainsKey("exit"))
    {
        // exit
        Application.Current.Exit();
    }
}

我的 WinForm 代码：​​

private async void threadCommunicationWinFrmAndUWP_Run()
{
    bool askForInfo = false;

    DoWork:

    ValueSet message = new ValueSet();
    if (!askForInfo) { message.Add("content", notifyIconsLogic.GetStatuses()); askForInfo = true; }
    else { message.Add("request", ""); askForInfo = false; }

    #region SendToUWP

    // if connection isn't inited
    if (connection == null)
    {
        // init
        connection = new AppServiceConnection();
        connection.PackageFamilyName = Package.Current.Id.FamilyName;
        connection.AppServiceName = "NotifyIconsUWP";

        // attempt connection 
        AppServiceConnectionStatus connectionStatus = await connection.OpenAsync();

        // if UWP isn't running
        if (connectionStatus == AppServiceConnectionStatus.AppUnavailable) return;
    }

    AppServiceResponse serviceResponse = await connection.SendMessageAsync(message);

    // if UWP isn't running
    if (serviceResponse.Status == AppServiceResponseStatus.Failure) return;

    // get response
    if (serviceResponse.Message.ContainsKey("content"))
    {
        object newMessage = null;
        serviceResponse.Message.TryGetValue("content", out newMessage);
        // if message is an int[]
        if (newMessage is int[])
        {
            // init field vars
            int indexInArray = 0;
            bool showTest1 = false;
            bool showTest2 = false;
            bool showTest3 = false;

            foreach (int trueorfalse in (int[])newMessage)
            {
                // set bool state based on index
                switch (indexInArray)
                {
                    case 0:
                        showTest1 = Convert.ToBoolean(trueorfalse);
                        break;
                    case 1:
                        showTest2 = Convert.ToBoolean(trueorfalse);
                        break;
                    case 2:
                        showTest3 = Convert.ToBoolean(trueorfalse);
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
                indexInArray++;
            }

            notifyIconsLogic.SetChecker(showTest1, showTest2, showTest3);
        }
    }
    if (serviceResponse.Message.ContainsKey("exit")) Exit();
    #endregion

    goto DoWork;
}

这会过度增加 CPU 使用率。关键是，目前我从 UWP 应用程序向 WinForm 获取信息的唯一方法是响应循环发送的消息。

问题

如何在不只响应循环发送的消息的情况下，从 UWP App 向 WinForm 发送消息？因为，我想消除对循环的依赖（CPU 用途）。

换句话说：如何让package.appxmanifest 的结果在 WinForms 中“工作”？

package.appxmanifest

<Extensions>
    <uap:Extension Category="windows.appService">
      <uap:AppService Name="NotifyIconsUWP" />
    </uap:Extension>
    <desktop:Extension Category="windows.fullTrustProcess" Executable="Win32\NotifyIconsComponent.exe" />
</Extensions>

Answer 1

您应该能够从 UWP 应用程序对已建立的应用程序服务连接发送请求，如下所示：

AppServiceResponse response = await App.Connection.SendMessageAsync(valueSet);

然后通过附加事件处理程序在 Windows 窗体应用程序中接收此消息：

connection.RequestReceived += Connection_RequestReceived;

查看this sample，它演示了控制台应用和 UWP 应用之间的两种通信方式。