如何序列化 ASP.NET 用户控件

Question

我有一个带有 GridView 的应用程序，这个 GridView 在您的 PagerTemplate 中有一个 GridViewPager，它是一个 UserControl。

现在我正在尝试将此 GridViewPager 存储在 ViewState 中，但我遇到了序列化问题。 Asp.Net 告诉我该类未标记为可序列化。我尝试将其标记为可序列化，如下所示：

namespace Avalon.View.UserControls.Pagers
{
    [Serializable]
    public partial class GridViewPager : System.Web.UI.UserControl
    {
        private GridView _gridView;
        public event EventHandler OnTextPageChanged;

        // Methods, properties...
    }
}

但它不起作用

我的代码很简单，让我们看看：

// Get and set the GridViewPager to ViewState
public partial class ChamadoList : System.Web.UI.UserControl
{
    // Here a Get and set my GridViewPager into ViewState
    public GridViewPager gvp
    {
        get { return ((GridViewPager)ViewState["GridViewPager"]); }
        set
        {
            if (value == null)
                ViewState["GridViewPager"] = null;
            else
                ViewState["GridViewPager"] = value;
        }
    }

    // Looping in a grid View i get the GridViewPager and put it on ViewState
    protected void gvListaChamados_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)
    {
        // Here a get the pager 
        if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.Pager)
        {
            gvp = (GridViewPager)e.Row.FindControl("GridViewPager1");
        }
    }

    //...
}

这是错误

“/”应用程序中的服务器错误。

程序集“App_Web_epwoiz7x，版本=0.0.0.0，文化=中性，PublicKeyToken=null”中的类型“ASP.view_usercontrols_pagers_gridviewpager_ascx”未标记为可序列化。 说明：执行当前 Web 请求期间发生未处理的异常。请查看堆栈跟踪以获取有关错误及其源自代码的位置的更多信息。

异常详细信息：System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException：在程序集“App_Web_epwoiz7x, Version=0.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null”中键入“ASP.view_usercontrols_pagers_gridviewpager_ascx”未标记为可序列化。

来源错误：

在执行当前 Web 请求期间生成了未处理的异常。可以使用下面的异常堆栈跟踪来识别有关异常起源和位置的信息。

堆栈跟踪：

[SerializationException：在程序集“App_Web_epwoiz7x，版本=0.0.0.0，文化=中性，PublicKeyToken=null”中的类型“ASP.view_usercontrols_pagers_gridviewpager_ascx”未标记为可序列化。] System.Runtime.Serialization.FormatterServices.InternalGetSerializableMembers(RuntimeType 类型) +7733643 System.Runtime.Serialization.FormatterServices.GetSerializableMembers（类型类型，StreamingContext 上下文）+258 System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.WriteObjectInfo.InitMemberInfo() +111 System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.WriteObjectInfo.InitSerialize（对象 obj，ISurrogateSelector surrogateSelector，StreamingContext 上下文，SerObjectInfoInit serObjectInfoInit，IFormatterConverter 转换器，ObjectWriter objectWriter）+161 System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.WriteObjectInfo.Serialize（对象 obj，ISurrogateSelector surrogateSelector，StreamingContext 上下文，SerObjectInfoInit serObjectInfoInit，IFormatterConverter 转换器，ObjectWriter objectWriter）+51 System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectWriter.Serialize(Object graph, Header[] inHeaders, __BinaryWriter serWriter, Boolean fCheck) +410 System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.BinaryFormatter.Serialize(Stream serializationStream, Object graph, Header[] headers, Boolean fCheck) +134 System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.BinaryFormatter.Serialize（流序列化流，对象图）+13 System.Web.UI.ObjectStateFormatter.SerializeValue(SerializerBinaryWriter writer, Object value) +845

[ArgumentException：错误序列化“ASP.view_usercontrols_pagers_gridviewpager_ascx”类型的值“ASP.view_usercontrols_pagers_gridviewpager_ascx”。] System.Web.UI.ObjectStateFormatter.SerializeValue(SerializerBinaryWriter writer, Object value) +3395 System.Web.UI.ObjectStateFormatter.Serialize(Stream outputStream, Object stateGraph) +110 System.Web.UI.ObjectStateFormatter.Serialize（对象状态图）+57 System.Web.UI.ObjectStateFormatter.System.Web.UI.IStateFormatter.Serialize（对象状态）+4 System.Web.UI.Util.SerializeWithAssert（IStateFormatter 格式化程序，对象状态图）+37 System.Web.UI.HiddenFieldPageStatePersister.Save() +79 System.Web.UI.Page.SavePageStateToPersistenceMedium（对象状态）+105 System.Web.UI.Page.SaveAllState() +236 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequestMain(Boolean includeStagesBeforeAsyncPoint, Boolean includeStagesAfterAsyncPoint) +1099

---

版本信息：Microsoft .NET Framework 版本：2.0.50727.3082； ASP.NET 版本：2.0.50727.4028

Answer 1

为什么不让您的 UserControl 管理自己的 ViewState 而不是尝试序列化自己？

public partial class GridViewPager : System.Web.UI.UserControl
{ 
    private int _startPage;

    public int StartPage 
    { 
        get { return _startPage; }
        set { _startPage = value; }
    }   

    protected override void LoadViewState(object savedState) 
    {
        object[] totalState = null;       
        if (savedState != null)
        {
           totalState = (object[])savedState;
           if (totalState.Length == 2)
           {
                base.LoadViewState(totalState[0]);
                // Load back your properties, etc. from ViewState
                if (totalState[1] != null)
                    startPage = int.Parse(totalState[1]);
            }
        }
    }

    protected override object SaveViewState()
    {
        object baseState = base.SaveViewState();
        object[] totalState = new object[2];
        // Save out your properties, etc. to ViewState.
        totalState[0] = baseState;
        totalState[1] = _startPage;
        return totalState;
    }
} 

这样，当您的 UserControl 添加到页面时，它将管理自己的 ViewSate。