RSpec with FactoryGirl without Rails – 在哪里寻找模型？

Question

我正在编写不使用 Rails 的 ActiveRecord Ruby 应用程序。我想用 FactoryGirl 测试模型，但我在配置方面遇到了困难。鉴于未初始化的常量错误，我猜它在lib/models 文件夹中找不到模型。

我想知道 rspec/FactoryGirl 期望的文件夹结构，或者我如何告知它模型的位置。

rspec -fd 规范/模型/user_spec.rb

…/spec/models/user_spec.rb:3:in `<top (required)>': uninitialized constant User (NameError)
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/rspec-core-3.5.4/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:1435:in `load'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/rspec-core-3.5.4/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:1435:in `block in load_spec_files'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/rspec-core-3.5.4/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:1433:in `each'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/rspec-core-3.5.4/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:1433:in `load_spec_files'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/rspec-core-3.5.4/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:100:in `setup'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/rspec-core-3.5.4/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:86:in `run'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/rspec-core-3.5.4/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:71:in `run'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/rspec-core-3.5.4/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:45:in `invoke'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/rspec-core-3.5.4/exe/rspec:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from ./bin/rspec:17:in `load'
    from ./bin/rspec:17:in `<main>'

---

规格/模型/user.rb

describe User, type: :model do
  it 'can be instantiated' do
    user = User.new
    expect(user).to be_a User
  end
end

lib/models/user.rb

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
end

我已经使用rspec --init 创建了 RSpec 配置：

.rspec

--color
--require spec_helper

规范/spec_helper.rb

require 'factory_girl'
require_relative 'support/factory_girl'

RSpec.configure do |config|
  config.expect_with :rspec do |expectations|
    expectations.include_chain_clauses_in_custom_matcher_descriptions = true
  end

  config.mock_with :rspec do |mocks|
    mocks.verify_partial_doubles = true
  end

  config.shared_context_metadata_behavior = :apply_to_host_groups

end

规格/支持/factory_girl.rb

RSpec.configure do |config|
  config.include FactoryGirl::Syntax::Methods

  config.before(:suite) do
    FactoryGirl.find_definitions
  end
end

规格/工厂.rb

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :user do
    username "johnny"
  end
end

Answer 1

您缺少的部分是 Rails 在运行 RSpec 测试套件时从 spec_helper.rb 加载 FactoryGirl 之前的所有模型。

尝试在spec_helper.rb 顶部加载所有模型

root = File.expand_path('../', File.dirname(__FILE__))
Dir[File.join(root,'lib/**/*.rb')].each { |f| require f }

require 'factory_girl'
require_relative 'support/factory_girl'

...