命名空间std中没有名为'function'的类型[关闭]

Question

我想传递 lambda，所以我定义了一个这样的函数：

double getInput(std::string inputDescription, std::function<bool(double)> isValid) { ... }

但是 gcc 拒绝编译它。我很快了解到我需要一个支持 C++11 的编译器，所以我下载了带有 MacPorts 的 clang 3.5。我找到了 clang++ 并确认它是正确的版本（我不是不小心使用了原来的 clang 1.7）：

$ /opt/local/bin/clang++ --version
clang version 3.5.0 (trunk 210448)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin10.8.0
Thread model: posix

但即使是 Clang 3.5 也给了我：

tempConverter.cpp:14:52: error: no type named 'function' in namespace 'std'
double getInput(std::string inputDescription, std::function<bool(double)> isValid) {
                                              ~~~~~^

完整的 .cpp 文件：

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <iomanip>
#include <functional>
#include <string>

static const double minTemp = -273.15;
static const double maxTemp = 500.0;

inline bool between(double x, double min, double max) {
    return min <= x && x <= max;
}

double getInput(std::string inputDescription, std::function<bool(double)> isValid) {
    double input;
    std::cout << inputDescription << std::endl;
    std::cin >> input;

    while (!isValid(input)) {
        std::cout << "Invalid input. Please reenter." << std::endl;
        std::cin >> input;
    }

    return input;
    /*double temp1, temp2;
    std::cout << "Please enter consecutively the upper and lower limits, both between " <<  MIN_TEMP << " and " << MAX_TEMP << "." << std::endl;
    std::cin >> temp1;
    std::cin >> temp2;
    while (!between(temp1, MAX_TEMP, MIN_TEMP) || !between(temp2, MAX_TEMP, MIN_TEMP)) {
        std::cout << "At least one of the temperatures is out of bounds. Please reenter:" << std::endl;
        std::cin >> temp1;
        std::cin >> temp2;
    }
    upper = std::max(temp1, temp2);
    lower = std::min(temp1, temp2);
    std::cout << "Please enter a positive stepsize, smaller than the difference between the limits." << std::endl;
    std::cin >> step;
    while (step < 0 || step > upper - lower) {
        std::cout << "The stepsize is out of bounds. Please reenter:" << std::endl;
        std::cin >> step;
    }*/
}

double toFahrenheit(double celsius) {
    return celsius*(9.0/5.0) + 32;
}

void printTable(double start, double end, double step) {
    std::cout << std::setw(10) << "Celsius" << "|" << std::setw(10) << "Fahrenheit" << std::endl;
    std::cout << std:setw(10) << "=======" << "|" << std::setw(10) << "==========" << std::endl;
    for (double i = start; i < end; i += step) {
        std::cout << std::setw(10) << i << "|" << std::setw(10) << toFahrenheit(i) << std::endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    double start = getInput("Please enter the upper limit.", [](double x) { return between(x, minTemp, maxTemp); });
    double end = getInput("Please enter the lower limit.", [&](double x) { return x < start && between(x, minTemp, maxTemp); });
    double step = getInput("Please enter the stepsize.", [&](double x) { return x < end - start && x > 0; });
    printTable(start, end, step);
}

编译为：

/opt/local/bin/clang++ -std=c++11 tempConverter.cpp -o tempConverter

Answer 1

你忘了：

#include <functional>

或者你忘记了 C++11 标志：

-std=c++11 -stdlib=libc++

Answer 2

您需要一个 C++11 库和#include <functional> 以及一个 C++11 编译器。