如何在 make 4.2 之前获取退出状态和 $(shell 命令) 的输出？

Question

在make version 4.2 {2016} 上添加了变量.SHELLSTATUS。但我的大多数 linux 都使用 make 版本4.1。如何在旧版 make 上获取 make $(shell ...) 命令的退出状态和输出结果？

使用 make 4.2，我可以做到这一点：

newmake:
    printf '%s\n' "$(shell command && \
        ( printf 'Successfully created the zip file!\n'; exit 0 ) || \
        ( printf 'Error: Could not create the zip file!\n'; exit 1 ) )"
    printf 'Exit status: '%s'\n' "${.SHELLSTATUS}"

哪个运行正确：

printf '%s\n' "Successfully created the zip file!"
Successfully created the zip file!
printf 'Exit status: '%s'\n' "0"
Exit status: 0

但是，如果我使用的是 make 4.1 或更早版本，则没有 .SHELLSTATUS 变量。然后，我尝试像这样定义我自己的 .SHELLSTATUS 变量：

oldmake:
    printf '%s\n' "$(shell command && \
        ( printf 'Successfully created the zip file!\n'; $(eval exit_status := 0) echo ${exit_status} > /dev/null ) || \
        ( printf 'Error: Could not create the zip file!\n'; $(eval exit_status := 1) echo ${exit_status} > /dev/null ) )"
    printf 'Exit status: '%s'\n' "${exit_status}"

但是，它运行不正确：

printf '%s\n' "Successfully created the zip file!"
Successfully created the zip file!
printf 'Exit status: '%s'\n' "1"
Exit status: 1

如您所见，正确的消息是打印，但退出状态应该是0，而不是1。

通知

消息Successfully created the zip file! 和Error: Could not create the zip file! 纯粹是说明性的，不能在$(shell ...) 之外使用。我在 shell 中拥有的是一个功能齐全的 Python 脚本，它将其结果输出到屏幕：

define NEWLINE


endef

define RELEASE_CODE
from __future__ import print_function
import os
import zipfile

version = "${version}"
if not version:
    print( "Error: You need pass the release version. For example: make release version=1.1", end="@NEWNEWLINE@" )
    exit(1)

CURRENT_DIRECTORY = os.path.dirname( os.path.realpath( __file__ ) )
print( "Packing files on %s" % CURRENT_DIRECTORY, end="@NEWNEWLINE@" )

file_names = []
initial_file_names = [
    "Makefile",
    "build.bat",
    "fc-portuges.def",
    os.path.join("setup", "makefile.mk"),
    os.path.join("setup", "scripts", "timer_calculator.sh"),
]

for direcory_name, dirs, files in os.walk(CURRENT_DIRECTORY):

    if ".git" in direcory_name:
        continue

    for filename in files:
        filepath = os.path.join( direcory_name, filename )

        if ".git" in filepath or not ( filepath.endswith( ".tex" )
                or filepath.endswith( ".bib" )
                or filepath.endswith( ".pdf" ) ):
            continue

        file_names.append( filepath )

for filename in initial_file_names:
    filepath = os.path.join( CURRENT_DIRECTORY, filename )
    file_names.append( filepath )

zipfilepath = os.path.join( CURRENT_DIRECTORY, version + ".zip" )
zipfileobject = zipfile.ZipFile(zipfilepath, mode="w")
zipfilepathreduced = os.path.dirname( os.path.dirname( zipfilepath ) )

try:
    for filename in file_names:
        relative_filename = filename.replace( zipfilepathreduced, "" )
        print( relative_filename, end="@NEWNEWLINE@" )
        zipfileobject.write( filename, relative_filename, compress_type=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED )

except Exception as error:
    print( "", end="@NEWNEWLINE@" )
    print( "An error occurred: %s" % error, end="@NEWNEWLINE@" )
    exit(1)

finally:
    zipfileobject.close()

print( "", end="@NEWNEWLINE@" )
print( "Successfully created the release version on:@NEWNEWLINE@  %s!" % zipfilepath , end="" )
endef

all:
    printf '%s\n' "$(shell echo \
        '$(subst ${NEWLINE},@NEWLINE@,${RELEASE_CODE})' | \
        sed 's/@NEWLINE@/\n/g' | python - && \
        printf 'Successfully created the zip file!\n' || \
        printf 'Error: Could not create the zip file!\n' )" | sed 's/@NEWNEWLINE@/\n/g'

现在它可以正常运行，但是我缺少 python 退出代码，可以用这个.SHELLSTATUS 修复：

all:
    printf '%s\n' "$(shell echo \
        '$(subst ${NEWLINE},@NEWLINE@,${RELEASE_CODE})' | \
        sed 's/@NEWLINE@/\n/g' | python - && \
        ( printf 'Successfully created the zip file!\n'; exit 0 ) || \
        ( printf 'Error: Could not create the zip file!\n'; exit 1 ) )" | sed 's/@NEWNEWLINE@/\n/g'
    exit "${.SHELLSTATUS}"

但是，它只适用于 make 版本 4.2 或更高版本。

相关：

1. https://askubuntu.com/questions/93499/assign-standard-exit-status-to-a-makefile-variable
2. Returning value from called function in a shell script
3. How to get exit status of a shell command used in GNU Makefile?
4. How to make GNU Make fail if a shell command assigned to a variable failed?
5. Shell status codes in make
6. Create zip archive with multiple files
7. Zip Multiple files with multiple result in Python
8. python/zip: How to eliminate absolute path in zip archive if absolute paths for files are provided?
9. How to send input on stdin to a python script defined inside a Makefile?

Answer 1

我完全不明白您为什么要尝试使用$(shell ...)。这太复杂了，太没有意义了。 $(shell ...) 的唯一作用是它在运行任何配方之前扩展。但你永远不会尝试利用它。相反，将脚本直接移动到配方中看起来很自然。

例如，考虑一下：

unused = """
ifeq (true,false)
"""

# some python stuff
print("Hello world")
exit(1)

unused = """
endif

# here comes make stuff
.ONESHELL:
.PHONY: all
all:
    @/usr/bin/python $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))
    ec=$$?
    echo "script exitcode is $$ec"
    exit $$ec

#"""

也许更好的解决方案是简单地将python 自定义为单个规则的SHELL。虽然在这种情况下，在同一规则中混合使用 python 和 shell 脚本可能会很棘手（但我认为这不是必需的）。

Answer 2

我设法通过创建一个文件来做到这一点：

fixedmake:
    printf '%s\n' "$(shell command && \
        printf 'Successfully created the zip file!\n' || \
        ( printf 'Error: Could not create the zip file!\n'; \
            printf 'error\n' > /tmp/has_errors ) )"

    if [ -e /tmp/has_errors ]; \
        then printf 'Exit with errror\n'; \
        rm /tmp/has_errors; \
    else \
        printf 'Exit with success\n'; \
    fi;

-->

printf '%s\n' "Successfully created the zip file!"
Successfully created the zip file!
if [ -e /tmp/has_errors ]; \
        then printf 'Exit with errror\n'; \
        rm /tmp/has_errors; \
else \
        printf 'Exit with success\n'; \
fi;
Exit with success

还有更好的选择吗？