基于 Django 类的列表视图的简单分页失败，归咎于模板缓存？

Question

在我拥有的基于网络的社交 Django 应用程序中，有一个功能允许用户查看过去 5 分钟内进行过会话的所有唯一用户。为此，我使用了django user_sessions，这是一个插件，

使会话对象像其他 ORM 对象一样成为一等公民。

这些最近的用户在模板上显示为列表。生成的每个名称都可以在此模板上点击 - 点击它会将点击者带到点击者的个人资料页面。为了做到这一点，我简单地将每个用户名包装在这个标签中：<a href="{% url 'profile' slug=unique_session.user.username %}#section0"></a>。这个模板被缓存，通过使用模板标签：{%load cache %}{%% cache 30 template_fragment_2 %}{% endcache %}

此外，最近在线用户列表按75分页（通过在生成所述列表的listview中添加paginate_by = 75完成）。

问题是：最近用户列表在模板中加载正常（点击用户名会导致正确的个人资料），但是一旦用户按下“下一页”（即有超过 75 人显示），我收到错误：django.core.urlresolvers:NoReverseMatch: Reverse for 'profile' with arguments '()' and keyword arguments '{u'slug': ''}' not found . 经过大量调试，我仍然不知道为什么会这样。是因为cache和pagination吗？救命！

---

生成列表的视图如下：

from user_sessions.models import Session

class OnlineView(ListView):
    model = Session
    template_name = "online.html"
    paginate_by = 75

    def get_queryset(self):
        unique_user_sessions = Session.objects.filter(last_activity__gte=(timezone.now()-timedelta(minutes=5))).only('user').distinct('user')
        return unique_user_sessions

而模板中的代码是：

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
    {% load cache %}
    {% cache 30 template_fragment2 %}
    <div class="margin">
        <ol>
            {% for unique_session in object_list %}
                <li>
                    <a href="{% url 'profile' slug=unique_session.user.username %}#section0">
                        {% if unique_session.user.userprofile.avatar %}
                            <img src="{{ unique_session.user.userprofile.avatar.url }}" alt="no pic" height="20" width="20"></img>
                        {% else %}
                            <img src="{{ STATIC_URL }}img/default-avatar.jpg" alt="no pic" height="20" width="20"></img>
                        {% endif %}
                        {{ unique_session.user.username }}
                    </a>
                </li>
            {% endfor %}
        </ol>
    </div>
    {% endcache %}
{% endblock %}

{% block pagination %}
{% if is_paginated %}
<div class="pagination">
    {% if page_obj.has_previous %}
    <a href="?page={{ page_obj.previous_page_number }}#section0">back</a>
    {% endif %}
    {% if page_obj.has_next %}
    <a href="?page={{ page_obj.next_page_number }}#section0">forward</a>
    {% endif %}
</div>
{% endif %}
{% endblock %}

这里是相关的 urlpatterns：

url(r'^users/(?P<slug>[\w.@+-]+)/$', UserProfileDetailView.as_view(), name='profile'),
url(r'^online/$', auth(OnlineView.as_view()), name='online'),

---

最后，

Stack trace
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/app/.heroku/python/bin/gunicorn", line 11, in <module>
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 74, in run
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 189, in run
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 72, in run
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 174, in run
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 477, in manage_workers
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 540, in spawn_workers
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 507, in spawn_worker
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 124, in init_process
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/sync.py", line 119, in run
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/sync.py", line 66, in run_for_one
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/sync.py", line 30, in accept
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/sync.py", line 130, in handle
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/sync.py", line 176, in handle_request
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/newrelic-2.56.0.42/newrelic/api/web_transaction.py", line 704, in __iter__
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/newrelic-2.56.0.42/newrelic/api/web_transaction.py", line 1080, in __call__
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/dj_static.py", line 83, in __call__
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/newrelic-2.56.0.42/newrelic/api/web_transaction.py", line 1208, in _nr_wsgi_application_wrapper_
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 255, in __call__
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 140, in get_response
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/response.py", line 105, in render
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/response.py", line 82, in rendered_content
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 140, in render
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/newrelic-2.56.0.42/newrelic/api/function_trace.py", line 98, in dynamic_wrapper
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 134, in _render
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 830, in render
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 844, in render_node
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py", line 124, in render
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/newrelic-2.56.0.42/newrelic/api/function_trace.py", line 98, in dynamic_wrapper
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 134, in _render
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 830, in render
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 844, in render_node
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/newrelic-2.56.0.42/newrelic/hooks/framework_django.py", line 702, in wrapper
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py", line 63, in render
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 830, in render
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 844, in render_node
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/templatetags/cache.py", line 34, in render
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 830, in render
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 844, in render_node
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/defaulttags.py", line 195, in render
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/defaulttags.py", line 424, in render

Answer 1

分页代码本身没问题。我认为问题在于结果第二页上返回的某些user 对象有一个空的username，这就是导致NoReverseMatch 错误的原因。

最可能的原因是返回的user 对象是anonymous user - 在这种情况下username 始终是一个空字符串。

要验证尝试通过在此检查中包装该块来修改您的模板：

{% if not unique_session.user.is_anonymous %}
    <li>
        <a>...
        </a>
    </li>
{% endif %}