是否有一种简单的方法可以使用 FuncAnimation 为同一情节中的多个点设置动画？

Question

我试图使用钟摆的数学解决方案来制作有趣的动画。我知道我的脚本有点乱，但我真的希望改进。下面是我尝试使用 Matplotlib 中的 FuncAnimation 制作动画。我生成了 3 个点的数据信息，但我的 gif 只显示了一个。

我在这里阅读了与我的问题类似的文档示例和一些答案，但我真的不明白如何在我的案例中应用简单的解决方案。我还看到在这种情况下可以使用散点图，但我仍然无法做到。

考虑到我是使用 Python 的新手，如果您能推荐我一个解决方案，我将不胜感激。如有任何其他关于该脚本的建议，我们将不胜感激。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from scipy.integrate import odeint
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
%matplotlib inline

def solution(g, length, n, initial_angle, initial_velocity):
#     g = 9.81
#     l = 9.81
#     n = 8
    
    def model(u, t):
        return (u[1], - (g / length) * np.sin(u[0] * np.pi / 180))
    
    # Initial angle, and initial velocity
    theta0 = [initial_angle, initial_velocity]

    # Desired time interval
    time = np.arange(0, 2 * n * np.pi, 0.1)

    solution = odeint(model, theta0, time)
    return solution[:,0]

data = []
for i in range(1, 4):
    data.append(solution(9.81, 9.81 * i / 3, n, -17.5, 0))
    
data = np.array(data)
x_temp = np.sin(data * np.pi / 180)
y_temp = - np.cos(data * np.pi / 180)

# Coordinates for 3 pendulums
for i in range(0, 3):
    x_temp[i] = (9.81 * i / 3) * x_temp[i]
    y_temp[i] = (9.81 * i / 3) * y_temp[i]

# minimums and maximums based on the longest pendulum
x_min = x_temp[2].min()
x_max = x_temp[2].max()
y_min = y_temp[2].min()

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax = plt.axes(xlim=(x_min - 0.5, x_max + 0.5), ylim=(y_min - 0.5, 0))

point, = ax.plot([],[], 'go', lw=3)

# def init():
#     point.set_data([], [])
#     return point,

def animation_frames(i, x, y):
#     point.set_data(x, y)
    for j in range(0,3):
        point.set_data(x[j][i], y[j][i])
    
    return point,

animation = FuncAnimation(fig, animation_frames, frames=len(x_temp[0]), fargs=(x_temp, y_temp), interval=10)

animation.save('simple_pendulum.gif', writer='imagemagick')

---

编辑

我按照建议生成了一个简单的案例。在调用 sublopts 函数之前要使用的列表是：

x_tem, y_temp

(array([[-0.98330796, -0.97717458, -0.95882857, -0.92843441, -0.88627296,
         -0.83275034, -0.76840839, -0.69393471, -0.61017043, -0.51811348,
         -0.41891573, -0.31387291, -0.20440652],
        [-1.96661593, -1.9604803 , -1.94210039, -1.91155767, -1.86898966,
         -1.81459239, -1.74862365, -1.67140657, -1.58333345, -1.48486936,
         -1.37655514, -1.25900948, -1.13292978],
        [-2.94992389, -2.94378752, -2.92539636, -2.89480454, -2.85210308,
         -2.79742099, -2.73092681, -2.65283041, -2.56338497, -2.46288906,
         -2.35168869, -2.23017916, -2.0988066 ]]),
 array([[-3.11865443, -3.12058165, -3.12626739, -3.13542813, -3.14760548,
         -3.16218704, -3.17843492, -3.19552102, -3.21256783, -3.22869299,
         -3.2430556 , -3.2549015 , -3.26360506],
        [-6.23730886, -6.2392401 , -6.24498567, -6.25440223, -6.26725439,
         -6.28322007, -6.30189776, -6.32281583, -6.34544365, -6.36920427,
         -6.39348856, -6.41767054, -6.44112336],
        [-9.35596329, -9.35789587, -9.36366147, -9.37316418, -9.38624568,
         -9.40268769, -9.42221517, -9.44450056, -9.46916879, -9.49580315,
         -9.52395193, -9.55313566, -9.58285505]]))

Answer 1

我不确切知道您的目标是什么，但我尝试模仿您的示例，即尽可能接近地独立设置三个点的动画。我只是添加了不同的颜色和标记特征，以便更好地区分点：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
    
n=100
x_temp = [np.linspace(-10, -8, n),
          np.linspace(-9, -6, n),
          np.linspace(-6, -10, n)]
y_temp = [np.sin(x_temp[0]),
          np.cos(x_temp[1]),
          np.sin(x_temp[2])]


fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax = plt.axes(xlim=(-11, -5), ylim=(- 1.5, 1.5))

points = []
for j, (col, mar) in enumerate(zip(["green", "blue", "red"], ["o", "x", "s"])):
    newpoint, = ax.plot(x_temp[j][0], y_temp[j][0], color=col, marker=mar)
    points.append(newpoint)

def animation_frames(i):
    for j in range(0,3):
        points[j].set_data(x_temp[j][i], y_temp[j][i])        


animation = FuncAnimation(fig, animation_frames, frames=len(x_temp[0]), interval=30)
    
plt.show()

示例输出：