【发布时间】:2021-09-15 18:53:23
【问题描述】:
我正在尝试了解更多关于使用共享内存来提高 Numba 中某些 cuda 内核性能的信息,为此我查看了 Numba 文档中的 Matrix multiplication Example 并尝试实施以查看收益.
这是我的测试实现,我知道文档中的示例存在一些我从Here 遵循的问题,因此我复制了修复的示例代码。
from timeit import default_timer as timer
import numba
from numba import cuda, jit, int32, int64, float64, float32
import numpy as np
from numpy import *
@cuda.jit
def matmul(A, B, C):
"""Perform square matrix multiplication of C = A * B
"""
i, j = cuda.grid(2)
if i < C.shape[0] and j < C.shape[1]:
tmp = 0.
for k in range(A.shape[1]):
tmp += A[i, k] * B[k, j]
C[i, j] = tmp
# Controls threads per block and shared memory usage.
# The computation will be done on blocks of TPBxTPB elements.
TPB = 16
@cuda.jit
def fast_matmul(A, B, C):
# Define an array in the shared memory
# The size and type of the arrays must be known at compile time
sA = cuda.shared.array(shape=(TPB, TPB), dtype=float32)
sB = cuda.shared.array(shape=(TPB, TPB), dtype=float32)
x, y = cuda.grid(2)
tx = cuda.threadIdx.x
ty = cuda.threadIdx.y
bpg = cuda.gridDim.x # blocks per grid
# Each thread computes one element in the result matrix.
# The dot product is chunked into dot products of TPB-long vectors.
tmp = 0.
for i in range(bpg):
# Preload data into shared memory
sA[ty, tx] = 0
sB[ty, tx] = 0
if y < A.shape[0] and (tx+i*TPB) < A.shape[1]:
sA[ty, tx] = A[y, tx + i * TPB]
if x < B.shape[1] and (ty+i*TPB) < B.shape[0]:
sB[ty, tx] = B[ty + i * TPB, x]
# Wait until all threads finish preloading
cuda.syncthreads()
# Computes partial product on the shared memory
for j in range(TPB):
tmp += sA[ty, j] * sB[j, tx]
# Wait until all threads finish computing
cuda.syncthreads()
if y < C.shape[0] and x < C.shape[1]:
C[y, x] = tmp
size = 1024*4
tpbx,tpby = 16, 16
tpb = (tpbx,tpby)
bpgx, bpgy = int(size/tpbx), int(size/tpby)
bpg = (bpgx, bpgy)
a_in = cuda.to_device(np.arange(size*size, dtype=np.float32).reshape((size, size)))
b_in = cuda.to_device(np.ones(size*size, dtype=np.float32).reshape((size, size)))
c_out1 = cuda.device_array_like(a_in)
c_out2 = cuda.device_array_like(a_in)
s = timer()
cuda.synchronize()
matmul[bpg,tpb](a_in, b_in, c_out1);
cuda.synchronize()
gpu_time = timer() - s
print(gpu_time)
c_host1 = c_out1.copy_to_host()
print(c_host1)
s = timer()
cuda.synchronize()
fast_matmul[bpg,tpb](a_in, b_in, c_out2);
cuda.synchronize()
gpu_time = timer() - s
print(gpu_time)
c_host2 = c_out2.copy_to_host()
print(c_host2)
上述内核的执行时间基本相同,实际上matmul 对一些较大的输入矩阵变得更快。我想知道我缺少什么,以便看到文档建议的收益。
谢谢, 布鲁诺。
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