Django：表单保存方法

Question

我有一个表格，处理不同的模型并使用一个直通（中间）模型：

class CourseBooking(BaseModel):
    '''Intermediary model linking a person on a course with the related booking'''

    course = ForeignKey('ScheduledCourse')
    customer = ForeignKey('Customer')
    booking = ForeignKey('GroupBooking', blank=True, null=True)

表单使用的是基本表单而不是模型表单，并手动添加了字段：

class CourseBookingForm(Form):

    course = ModelChoiceField(queryset=ScheduledCourse.objects.all())    
    title = CharField(
            max_length=255,
            widget=Select(choices=TITLE_CHOICES),
            required=False
            )
    gender = CharField(
            max_length=255,
            widget=Select(choices=GENDER_CHOICES),
            required=False
            )
    first_name = CharField(max_length=255)
    surname = CharField( max_length=255)
    dob = DateField(required=False)    
    medical = CharField(required=False, widget = forms.Textarea(attrs={'rows': '4'}))
    # miscellaneous notes
    notes = CharField(required=False, widget = forms.Textarea(attrs={'rows': '4'}))
    email = EmailField(required=False)
    phone = CharField(required=False)
    address = CharField(
            max_length=8188,
            widget=Textarea(attrs={'rows':'4', 'cols':'50'}),
            required=False)
    city = CharField(max_length=255, required=False)
    county = CharField(
            max_length=255, widget=Select(choices=COUNTY_CHOICES))
    postcode = CharField(max_length=255, required=False)
    country = CharField(
            max_length=255,
            widget=Select(choices=COUNTRIES), required=False)

我想在forms.py 中创建一个保存方法，它将保存到数据库中。我目前所拥有的（这是错误的）是并给出了错误：IntegrityError: null value in column "customer_id" violates not-null constraint

def save(self):

    data = self.cleaned_data

    if self.cleaned_data['course']:
        crs = self.cleaned_data['course']
        course_booking = CourseBooking(course=crs)
    course_booking.save()

    course = CourseBooking.objects.create(course=data['course'])
    course.save()

    cust = Customer.objects.create(title=data['title'],
                                   gender=data['gender'],
                                   first_name=data['first_name'],
                                   surname=data['surname'],
                                   dob=data['dob'],
                                   notes=data['notes'],
                                   medical=data['medical'],
                                   content_object=cust,
                                   )
    cust.save()

    address = Address.objects.create(address=data['address'],
                      city=data['city'],
                      county=data['county'],
                      postcode =data['postcode'],
                      country=data['country'],
                      content_object=address,
                      )
    address.save()

    email = Email.objects.create(email=data['email'],
                                 content_object=email)
    email.save()

    phone = Phone.objects.create(number=data['phone'],
                  content_object=phone)
    phone.save()

Answer 1

只需在创建course 对象之后调用创建course 对象的代码即可。

问题是，Course 模型中的ForeignKey customer 是必需的，而您在创建对象时没有设置该字段。

我在代码中修复了一些其他小问题。 .

def save(self):
    data = self.cleaned_data

    course_booking = None
    if self.cleaned_data['course']:
        crs = self.cleaned_data['course']
        course_booking = CourseBooking(course=crs)
        course_booking.save()

    cust = Customer.objects.create(title=data['title'],
                                   gender=data['gender'],
                                   first_name=data['first_name'],
                                   surname=data['surname'],
                                   dob=data['dob'],
                                   notes=data['notes'],
                                   medical=data['medical'],
                                   content_object=cust,
                                   )
    #cust.save()

    course = CourseBooking.objects.create(course=data['course'], customer = cust)
    if course_booking:
        course.booking = course_booking

    #course.save()

    address = Address.objects.create(address=data['address'],
                      city=data['city'],
                      county=data['county'],
                      postcode =data['postcode'],
                      country=data['country'],
                      content_object=address,
                      )
    #address.save()

    email = Email.objects.create(email=data['email'],
                                 content_object=email)
    #email.save()

    phone = Phone.objects.create(number=data['phone'],
                  content_object=phone)
    #phone.save()

另外，我会将这个对象创建逻辑放在视图中，而不是 model_form 的 save 方法。