Celery / Heroku - 使用 Heroku run python 在后台运行时，延迟（）什么也不做答案

【问题标题】：Celery / Heroku - delay() does nothing when ran in the background using Heroku run pythonCelery / Heroku - 使用 Heroku run python 在后台运行时，延迟（）什么也不做
【发布时间】：2018-06-13 07:13:34
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试使用 Celery 添加后台工作人员，以便每天自动运行脚本以更新我的网站提供的信息。我已经将 Celery 与 Django 和 Heroku 集成，我可以导入模块并使用该功能，但是当我使用 add.delay()command 时它会冻结，直到我按 Ctrl+C 取消该命令。我正在使用 celery 4.1 以下是我运行命令的方式：

heroku ps:scale worker=1
heroku run python
>>>from Buylist.tasks import *
>>>add(2,3)  
>>>5
>>>add.delay(2,3)  
#-- Freezes until I press Control+C

如果您能帮我找出我的设置在哪里配置错误，那就太好了。我正在测试自动取款机。 tasks.py 是获取工作示例的示例代码，然后我将继续了解 CELERY_BEAT 设置

项目/celery.py

from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
import os
from celery import Celery


# set the default Django settings module for the 'celery' program.
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'project.settings')

app = Celery('project')

# Using a string here means the worker doesn't have to serialize
# the configuration object to child processes.
# - namespace='CELERY' means all celery-related configuration keys
#   should have a `CELERY_` prefix.
app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings', namespace='CELERY')
app.conf.update(BROKER_URL=os.environ['REDIS_URL'],
                CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND=os.environ['REDIS_URL'])

# Load task modules from all registered Django app configs.
app.autodiscover_tasks()


@app.task(bind=True)
def debug_task(self):
    print('Request: {0!r}'.format(self.request))

Buylist/tasks # Buylist 是我根目录中的单个应用程序

# Create your tasks here
from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
from celery import shared_task
from celery import Celery
from celery.schedules import crontab


@shared_task
def test(arg):
    print(arg)

@shared_task

def add(x, y):

    return x + y


@shared_task

def mul(x, y):

    return x * y


@shared_task

def xsum(numbers):

    return sum(numbers)

项目/settings.py

from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
import dj_database_url


"""
Django settings for project project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.0.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/
"""

import os
import django_heroku
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))



# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
#Read secret key from a file

SECRET_KEY = 'KEY'



# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
#DEBUG = True
DEBUG = bool( os.environ.get('DJANGO_DEBUG', True) )

ALLOWED_HOSTS = [
                'shrouded-ocean-19461.herokuapp.com', 'localhost', '127.0.0.1',

]

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'django_celery_results',
    'Buylist',
    #'django_q',

]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'project.urls'

PROJECT_DIR = os.path.dirname(__file__)
TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [
            os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR, "templates"),
        ],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'project.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/

# Heroku: Update database configuration from $DATABASE_URL.

db_from_env = dj_database_url.config(conn_max_age=500)
DATABASES['default'].update(db_from_env)

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/static-files/

# The absolute path to the directory where collectstatic will collect static files for deployment.
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')

# The URL tos use when referring to static files (where they will be served from)
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# Simplified static file serving.
# https://warehouse.python.org/project/whitenoise/
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'

#CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = 'django-db'

项目/init.py

from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals

# This will make sure the app is always imported when
# Django starts so that shared_task will use this app.
from .celery import app as celery_app

__all__ = ['celery_app']

这是我的 procfile 我在 Heroku 端安装了 Heroku Redis 应用程序

web: gunicorn project.wsgi --log-file -
worker: celery worker --app=tasks.app

Procfile 位于主 Git 根目录中。如果您需要更多信息，请告诉我，我可以提供！非常感谢！

【问题讨论】：

那个 .env 文件在 git 中并部署到 Heroku 吗？不应该。
@DanielRoseman 是的，我将它放在 Procfile 所在的根目录中。应该在哪里？
位置正确，但它应该只在您的本地机器上，而不是致力于版本控制或部署。在 Heroku 上，您的应用将从环境中获取值，该环境不会由附加组件填充。
我明白了！谢谢。我会继续删除该设置。
文件已被删除！在生产版本中仍然有同样的问题。我更新了代码以反映 .env 更改

标签： python django heroku celery delay

【解决方案1】：

单个工人的 procfile 应该是这样的

worker: celery -A <folder containing celery.py> worker -l info

我的代理 url 也没有正确配置。在 heroku 上设置您的代理，并在将其添加到项目后从概览页面中单击它。就我而言，我使用了CloudAMQP - RabbitMQ manager。单击它后，将显示有关您的经纪人网址的信息。密码、用户名、url 等。你想复制 url，在你的 Django 应用程序的settings.py 或你配置 Celery 配置文件的地方，你想设置你的代理 url。我的在settings.py中看起来像这样@

CELERY_BROKER_URL = 'amqp://<USER>:<PASSWORD>@chimpanzee.rmq.cloudamqp.com/<USER>'

这是在将以下行放入 celery.py 告诉它在 settings.py 中查找配置之后。

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'project.settings')
app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings', namespace='CELERY')

把它推到heroku，看看能不能解决你的问题。如果您尝试在本地启动 Windows 上的工作程序，则必须在终端中使用 eventlet 选项。希望这会有所帮助，如果您仍有问题，请告诉我。

【讨论】：