在模块 jetified-hamcrest-core-1.3.jar 中发现重复的类 org.hamcrest.BaseDescription答案

【问题标题】：Duplicate class org.hamcrest.BaseDescription found in modules jetified-hamcrest-core-1.3.jar在模块 jetified-hamcrest-core-1.3.jar 中发现重复的类 org.hamcrest.BaseDescription
【发布时间】：2023-04-11 02:40:01
【问题描述】：

Android 工作室 3.6

app/build.gradle：

 androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.azimolabs.conditionwatcher:conditionwatcher:0.2'
    // Espresso framework
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:$espresso_version"
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-intents:$espresso_version"
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:$espresso_version"
    androidTestImplementation 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest-junit:2.0.0.0'

    // UI Automator framework
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.uiautomator:uiautomator:2.2.0'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:mockwebserver:3.8.0'

    // for test fragments
    debugImplementation 'androidx.fragment:fragment-testing:1.2.0-rc02'

    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    testImplementation 'com.nhaarman:mockito-kotlin-kt1.1:1.5.0'

在 gradle.properties 中：

android.useAndroidX=true
android.enableJetifier=true

这是我的 Espresso 仪器测试：

import okhttp3.mockwebserver.MockWebServer
import org.junit.After
import org.junit.Before
import org.junit.Rule
import org.junit.Test
import org.hamcrest.text.MatchesPattern
import org.junit.runner.RunWith

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class FeedbackActivityTransportTest {
 @Test
    fun buttonSend_click_checkRequest() {
        val request = mockServer.takeRequest();
        assertEquals("POST", request.method)
        assertThat(
            request.body.toString(),
            MatchesPattern.matchesPattern("(\"feedback.*\\\"type\\\":2\"))")
        )
    }

但我得到错误：

Duplicate class org.hamcrest.BaseDescription found in modules jetified-hamcrest-core-1.3.jar (org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3) and jetified-java-hamcrest-2.0.0.0.jar (org.hamcrest:java-hamcrest:2.0.0.0)
Duplicate class org.hamcrest.BaseMatcher found in modules jetified-hamcrest-core-1.3.jar (org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3) and jetified-java-hamcrest-2.0.0.0.jar (org.hamcrest:java-hamcrest:2.0.0.0)
Duplicate class org.hamcrest.Condition found in modules jetified-hamcrest-core-1.3.jar (org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3) and jetified-java-hamcrest-2.0.0.0.jar (org.hamcrest:java-hamcrest:2.0.0.0)
Duplicate class org.hamcrest.Condition$1 found in modules jetified-hamcrest-core-1.3.jar (org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3) and jetified-java-hamcrest-2.0.0.0.jar (org.hamcrest:java-hamcrest:2.0.0.0)

【问题讨论】：

stackoverflow.com/a/65036282/11180198 为我工作

标签： android android-espresso hamcrest

【解决方案1】：

我认为当您添加依赖项时会发生此问题（作为您的情况 Hamcrest 和另一个依赖项、库、Jar 文件等...... 也使用 Hamcrest！但有另一个版本。

如果您像下面这样在 app Gradle 中强制您的 Hamcrest 依赖可能会解决您的问题：

configurations.all {
    resolutionStrategy {
        force 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest-junit:2.0.0.0'
    }
}

应用后，如果您遇到同样的错误，请尝试像这样排除：

configurations { compile.exclude group: "junit", module: "junit" }

【讨论】：

试试这个：配置 { compile.exclude 组：“junit”，模块：“junit”}
compile.exclude 会让你无法执行单元测试！请避免任何排除，正确的方法是用junit替换hamcrest！ configuration.all { resolutionStrategy.dependencySubstitution { 替换模块('org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.1') 与模块('junit:junit:4.10') } }

【解决方案2】：

排除 junit 并给予 Hamcrest 优先级将禁用使用 JUnit 执行单元测试的机会！这就是为什么在进行单元测试时会在 Android Studio 中出现错误：Cannot resolve '@Before' or '@Test'。正确的做法是将 Hamcrest 替换为 JUnit！

将此代码放在 app 级别的 build.gradle 中：

configurations.all {
    resolutionStrategy.dependencySubstitution {
        substitute module('org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.1') with module('junit:junit:4.10')
    }
}

【讨论】：