使用 Google App Engine 和 Django 将第三方库 (twilio) 添加到项目中

Question

每个人。

我是这个领域的新手。我使用 django 框架使用谷歌应用引擎开发 Web 应用程序。我有一个关于 python lib dir 问题的疑难解答... ImportError: no module named...

我的 appengine_config.py 文件是

# [START vendor]
from google.appengine.ext import vendor 

vendor.add('lib') # I believes this line is to add 'lib' folder to PATH.

# vendor.add(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), 'lib')) # <-- and I tried too this line.

# [END vendor]

我的“requirements.txt”文件是

MySQL-python==1.2.5 #app engine django project default
Django==1.11.3 #app engine django project default
django-twilio # add i want
twilio # add i want

我使用pip install -t lib -r requirements.txt安装

ROOT
├── lib
│   ├── django
│   ├── pytz
│   ├── wanttousing_lib
│   └── ...
├── mysite
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── settings.py
│   ├── controllers.py
│   ├── models.py
│   ├── views.py
│   ├── templates
│   └── ....
├── test
│   ├── like
│   │   ├── models_tests.py
│   │   └── controllers_tests.py
│   └── ....
├── static
│   ├── css
│   └── js
├── app.yaml
├── manage.py
├── appengine_config.py
├── requirement-vendor.txt
└── requirements.txt

所以，我在我的项目中安装了...但是..编译错误。

from wanttousing_lib import example_module importError wanttousing_lib.......

但是，如果我将我的 wanttousing_lib 移动到 ROOT 目录，它可以工作.....

ROOT
├── lib
│   ├── django
│   ├── pytz
│   
│   └── ...
├── mysite
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── settings.py
│   ├── controllers.py
│   ├── models.py
│   ├── views.py
│   ├── templates
│   │   └── like
│   │        ├── index.html
│   │        └── _likehelpers.html
│   └── ....
├── test
│   ├── like
│   │   ├── models_tests.py
│   │   └── controllers_tests.py
│   └── ....
├── static
│   ├── css
│   └── js
├── app.yaml
├── manage.py
├── appengine_config.py
├── requirement-vendor.txt
├── requirements.txt
└── wanttousing_lib  <--- moved

--> 所有回溯。

Unhandled exception in thread started by <function wrapper at 0x103e0eaa0>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 227, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 125, in inner_run
    self.check(display_num_errors=True)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 359, in check
    include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 346, in _run_checks
    return checks.run_checks(**kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 81, in run_checks
    new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 16, in check_url_config
    return check_resolver(resolver)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 26, in check_resolver
    return check_method()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 254, in check
    for pattern in self.url_patterns:
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 35, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 405, in url_patterns
    patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 35, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 398, in urlconf_module
    return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "ROOT/mysite/urls.py", line 19, in <module>
    from polls.views import index
  File "ROOT/polls/views.py", line 17, in <module>
    from sms_twilio.tests import send_sms_test
  File "ROOT/sms_twilio/tests.py", line 13, in <module>
    from twilio import twiml
ImportError: No module named twilio

错误来源：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.test import TestCase

# Create your tests here.
from django.conf import settings

# file: your_code.py
# import twilio  # no need for 'from lib import twilio'
# do stuff with twilio...

from twilio import twiml
from twilio.rest import Client


def send_twilio_message(to_number, body):
    client = Client(
    #client = twilio.rest.TwilioRestClient(
        settings.TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID, settings.TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN)

    return client.messages.create(
        body=body,
        to=to_number,
        from_=settings.TWILIO_PHONE_NUMBER
    )

def send_sms_test():
    client = Client(
    #client = twilio.rest.TwilioRestClient(
        settings.TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID, settings.TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN)

    return client.messages.create(
        body="[TEST] SEND SMS !! HELLO !!",
        to="TO_SENDER",
        from_=settings.TWILIO_PHONE_NUMBER
    )

也许，我是否将库列表添加到 app.yaml ？ 喜欢

libraries:
- name: MySQLdb
  version: 1.2.5
- name: twilio <-- like this
  version: -

requirement-vendor.txt 文件是

Django==1.11.3

我该如何解决？请帮忙...

Answer 1

前段时间我遇到了类似的问题，我没有使用vendor.add('lib')，而是成功了：

vendor.add(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), 'lib'))

我在步骤 4 中找到了解决方案 here in the docs 在 GAE 上使用第三方库：

要将库复制到您的项目中：

1. 创建一个目录来存储您的第三方库，例如 lib/。

   mkdir lib
   

2. 使用带有 -t 标志的 pip（版本 6 或更高版本）将库复制到您在上一步中创建的文件夹中。例如：

   pip install -t lib/ <library_name>
   

   (Using Homebrew Python on Mac OS X?)

3. 在与您的 app.yaml 文件相同的文件夹中创建一个名为 appengine_config.py 的文件。

4. 编辑appengine_config.py 文件并将您的库目录提供给vendor.add() 方法。

   # appengine_config.py
   from google.appengine.ext import vendor
   
   # Add any libraries install in the "lib" folder.
   vendor.add('lib')
   

   上面的appengine_config.py 文件假定当前工作目录是lib 文件夹所在的位置。在某些情况下，例如单元测试，当前工作目录可能不同。为避免错误，您可以使用以下命令显式传递 lib 文件夹的完整路径：

   vendor.add(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), 'lib'))
   

Answer 2

我的 python lib 的目录是两个目录。

1) /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/...

2) /usr/local/lib/python2.7/...

我的项目指向 1)，但 pip install 指向 2)...

我试过 1) ./pip install twilio。所以，它有效！

谢谢。