【发布时间】：2021-10-26 14:24:40
【问题描述】：
我在新安装的靶心机器上尝试使用分发版附带的 arm-linux-gnuabihf-gcc 为 Raspberry Pi 3B+ 交叉编译“Hello World”。
编译：
arm-linux-gnuabihf-gcc -ohw hw.c
目标上的二进制段错误
然后我又尝试了 3 个来自 linaro 的工具链 7.5 和 10.2 和 8.3 以及 https://sourceforge.net/projects/raspberry-pi-cross-compilers/
所有相同的结果，目标上的二进制段错误
我使用了我的开发机器，它运行带有分发 arm-linux-gnuabihf- 工具链的 Buster，进行了相同的编译，它还在目标上出现了段错误。
然后，我从 Raspberry Pi 3B+ 中取出同一张 sd 卡（原始 Raspberry Pi OS 10 lite）并将其塞入 Raspberry Pi 3B。 二进制文件运行良好。
有人知道我做错了什么吗？
谢谢 朱
我尝试运行的程序：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void) {
puts("!!!Hello World!!!"); /* prints !!!Hello World!!! */
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
Raspberry Pi 3B+ 上的调试会话
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ gdb shw
GNU gdb (Raspbian 8.2.1-2) 8.2.1
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Type "show copying" and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "arm-linux-gnueabihf".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
Reading symbols from shw...done.
(gdb) info files
Symbols from "/home/pi/shw".
Local exec file:
`/home/pi/shw', file type elf32-littlearm.
Entry point: 0x10318
0x00010154 - 0x0001016d is .interp
0x00010170 - 0x00010190 is .note.ABI-tag
0x00010190 - 0x000101b8 is .hash
0x000101b8 - 0x000101e4 is .gnu.hash
0x000101e4 - 0x00010234 is .dynsym
0x00010234 - 0x00010275 is .dynstr
0x00010276 - 0x00010280 is .gnu.version
0x00010280 - 0x000102a0 is .gnu.version_r
0x000102a0 - 0x000102a8 is .rel.dyn
0x000102a8 - 0x000102c8 is .rel.plt
0x000102c8 - 0x000102d4 is .init
0x000102d4 - 0x00010318 is .plt
0x00010318 - 0x00010434 is .text
0x00010434 - 0x0001043c is .fini
0x0001043c - 0x00010574 is .rodata
0x00010574 - 0x0001057c is .ARM.exidx
0x0001057c - 0x00010580 is .eh_frame
0x00020f08 - 0x00020f0c is .init_array
0x00020f0c - 0x00020f10 is .fini_array
0x00020f10 - 0x00021000 is .dynamic
0x00021000 - 0x00021020 is .got
0x00021020 - 0x00021028 is .data
0x00021028 - 0x0002102c is .bss
(gdb) break *0x10318
Breakpoint 1 at 0x10318: file ../sysdeps/arm/start.S, line 79.
(gdb) run
Starting program: /home/pi/shw
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x0005f4de in ?? ()
(gdb) disas
No function contains program counter for selected frame.
(gdb) bt
#0 0x0005f4de in ?? ()
#1 0x0001032a in _start () at ../sysdeps/arm/start.S:113
Backtrace stopped: previous frame identical to this frame (corrupt stack?)
(gdb) info reg
r0 0x0 0
r1 0x1 1
r2 0xbefff704 3204445956
r3 0xbefff70c 3204445964
r4 0x0 0
r5 0x0 0
r6 0x10319 66329
r7 0x0 0
r8 0x0 0
r9 0x0 0
r10 0xb6fff000 3070226432
r11 0x0 0
r12 0x0 0
sp 0xbefff6fc 0xbefff6fc
lr 0x1032b 66347
pc 0x5f4de 0x5f4de
cpsr 0x40000030 1073741872
fpscr 0x0 0
(gdb) info thread
Id Target Id Frame
* 1 process 469 "shw" 0x0005f4de in ?? ()
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ arm-linux-gnueabihf-objdump -d shw
shw: file format elf32-littlearm
Disassembly of section .init:
000102c8 <_init>:
102c8: e92d4008 push {r3, lr}
102cc: eb00001d bl 10348 <call_weak_fn>
102d0: e8bd8008 pop {r3, pc}
Disassembly of section .plt:
000102d4 <.plt>:
102d4: e52de004 push {lr} ; (str lr, [sp, #-4]!)
102d8: e59fe004 ldr lr, [pc, #4] ; 102e4 <.plt+0x10>
102dc: e08fe00e add lr, pc, lr
102e0: e5bef008 ldr pc, [lr, #8]!
102e4: 00010d1c .word 0x00010d1c
000102e8 <puts@plt>:
102e8: e28fc600 add ip, pc, #0, 12
102ec: e28cca10 add ip, ip, #16, 20 ; 0x10000
102f0: e5bcfd1c ldr pc, [ip, #3356]! ; 0xd1c
000102f4 <__libc_start_main@plt>:
102f4: e28fc600 add ip, pc, #0, 12
102f8: e28cca10 add ip, ip, #16, 20 ; 0x10000
102fc: e5bcfd14 ldr pc, [ip, #3348]! ; 0xd14
00010300 <__gmon_start__@plt>:
10300: e28fc600 add ip, pc, #0, 12
10304: e28cca10 add ip, ip, #16, 20 ; 0x10000
10308: e5bcfd0c ldr pc, [ip, #3340]! ; 0xd0c
0001030c <abort@plt>:
1030c: e28fc600 add ip, pc, #0, 12
10310: e28cca10 add ip, ip, #16, 20 ; 0x10000
10314: e5bcfd04 ldr pc, [ip, #3332]! ; 0xd04
Disassembly of section .text:
00010318 <_start>:
10318: f04f 0b00 mov.w fp, #0
1031c: f04f 0e00 mov.w lr, #0
10320: bc02 pop {r1}
10322: 466a mov r2, sp
10324: b404 push {r2}
10326: b401 push {r0}
10328: f8df c010 ldr.w ip, [pc, #16] ; 1033c <_start+0x24>
1032c: f84d cd04 str.w ip, [sp, #-4]!
10330: 4803 ldr r0, [pc, #12] ; (10340 <_start+0x28>)
10332: 4b04 ldr r3, [pc, #16] ; (10344 <_start+0x2c>)
10334: f7ff efde blx 102f4 <__libc_start_main@plt>
10338: f7ff efe8 blx 1030c <abort@plt>
1033c: 00010431 .word 0x00010431
10340: 000103d9 .word 0x000103d9
10344: 000103f1 .word 0x000103f1
00010348 <call_weak_fn>:
10348: e59f3014 ldr r3, [pc, #20] ; 10364 <call_weak_fn+0x1c>
1034c: e59f2014 ldr r2, [pc, #20] ; 10368 <call_weak_fn+0x20>
10350: e08f3003 add r3, pc, r3
10354: e7932002 ldr r2, [r3, r2]
10358: e3520000 cmp r2, #0
1035c: 012fff1e bxeq lr
10360: eaffffe6 b 10300 <__gmon_start__@plt>
10364: 00010ca8 .word 0x00010ca8
10368: 0000001c .word 0x0000001c
0001036c <deregister_tm_clones>:
1036c: f241 0028 movw r0, #4136 ; 0x1028
10370: f2c0 0002 movt r0, #2
10374: f241 0328 movw r3, #4136 ; 0x1028
10378: f2c0 0302 movt r3, #2
1037c: 4283 cmp r3, r0
1037e: d005 beq.n 1038c <deregister_tm_clones+0x20>
10380: f240 0300 movw r3, #0
10384: f2c0 0300 movt r3, #0
10388: b103 cbz r3, 1038c <deregister_tm_clones+0x20>
1038a: 4718 bx r3
1038c: 4770 bx lr
1038e: bf00 nop
00010390 <register_tm_clones>:
10390: f241 0028 movw r0, #4136 ; 0x1028
10394: f2c0 0002 movt r0, #2
10398: f241 0128 movw r1, #4136 ; 0x1028
1039c: f2c0 0102 movt r1, #2
103a0: 1a0b subs r3, r1, r0
103a2: 0fd9 lsrs r1, r3, #31
103a4: eb01 01a3 add.w r1, r1, r3, asr #2
103a8: 1049 asrs r1, r1, #1
103aa: d005 beq.n 103b8 <register_tm_clones+0x28>
103ac: f240 0300 movw r3, #0
103b0: f2c0 0300 movt r3, #0
103b4: b103 cbz r3, 103b8 <register_tm_clones+0x28>
103b6: 4718 bx r3
103b8: 4770 bx lr
103ba: bf00 nop
000103bc <__do_global_dtors_aux>:
103bc: b510 push {r4, lr}
103be: f241 0428 movw r4, #4136 ; 0x1028
103c2: f2c0 0402 movt r4, #2
103c6: 7823 ldrb r3, [r4, #0]
103c8: b91b cbnz r3, 103d2 <__do_global_dtors_aux+0x16>
103ca: f7ff ffcf bl 1036c <deregister_tm_clones>
103ce: 2301 movs r3, #1
103d0: 7023 strb r3, [r4, #0]
103d2: bd10 pop {r4, pc}
000103d4 <frame_dummy>:
103d4: e7dc b.n 10390 <register_tm_clones>
103d6: bf00 nop
000103d8 <main>:
103d8: b580 push {r7, lr}
103da: af00 add r7, sp, #0
103dc: f240 40d0 movw r0, #1232 ; 0x4d0
103e0: f2c0 0001 movt r0, #1
103e4: f7ff ef80 blx 102e8 <puts@plt>
103e8: 2300 movs r3, #0
103ea: 4618 mov r0, r3
103ec: bd80 pop {r7, pc}
...
000103f0 <__libc_csu_init>:
103f0: e92d 43f8 stmdb sp!, {r3, r4, r5, r6, r7, r8, r9, lr}
103f4: 4607 mov r7, r0
103f6: 4e0c ldr r6, [pc, #48] ; (10428 <__libc_csu_init+0x38>)
103f8: 4d0c ldr r5, [pc, #48] ; (1042c <__libc_csu_init+0x3c>)
103fa: 4688 mov r8, r1
103fc: 447e add r6, pc
103fe: 4691 mov r9, r2
10400: 447d add r5, pc
10402: f7ff ef62 blx 102c8 <_init>
10406: 1b76 subs r6, r6, r5
10408: 10b6 asrs r6, r6, #2
1040a: d00a beq.n 10422 <__libc_csu_init+0x32>
1040c: 3d04 subs r5, #4
1040e: 2400 movs r4, #0
10410: f855 3f04 ldr.w r3, [r5, #4]!
10414: 464a mov r2, r9
10416: 4641 mov r1, r8
10418: 4638 mov r0, r7
1041a: 3401 adds r4, #1
1041c: 4798 blx r3
1041e: 42a6 cmp r6, r4
10420: d1f6 bne.n 10410 <__libc_csu_init+0x20>
10422: e8bd 83f8 ldmia.w sp!, {r3, r4, r5, r6, r7, r8, r9, pc}
10426: bf00 nop
10428: 00010b0c .word 0x00010b0c
1042c: 00010b04 .word 0x00010b04
00010430 <__libc_csu_fini>:
10430: 4770 bx lr
10432: bf00 nop
Disassembly of section .fini:
00010434 <_fini>:
10434: e92d4008 push {r3, lr}
10438: e8bd8008 pop {r3, pc}
【问题讨论】：
-
ldd hw在不工作的机器上显示什么？有一个微不足道的程序段错误通常表明共享库丢失或不匹配。
标签： gcc raspberry-pi cross-compiling