Capybara + Rspec：如何设置多浏览器TC运行

Question

我正在尝试设置环境以在不同的浏览器中运行我的 TC。但目前 TC 仅在 Chrome 浏览器中正常运行，打开 FireFox 浏览器但当我尝试在 FF、Opera、Safari 浏览器中运行 TC 时没有任何反应（未运行测试场景）。 如何调整我的设置以便能够在所有浏览器中成功运行 TC？ 还有一种方法可以并行运行 TC 吗？ 这是我的 rails_helper.rb 文件：

require 'test/unit'
require 'selenium-webdriver'
require 'capybara'
require 'rspec'
require "rails/all"
require 'capybara/rspec'
require "page-object"
require 'rspec/expectations'
require 'securerandom'
require '../Test_helpers/login_helper'
require 'capybara-screenshot/rspec'
require 'launchy'

RSpec.configure do |config|

  config.include LoginHelper
  config.include RSpec::Matchers
  config.include Capybara::DSL

  environment = 'firefox'

  if environment =='chrome'
    Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome.driver_path = '../Resources/chromedriver.exe'
    Capybara.default_driver = :chrome
    Capybara.register_driver :selenium do |app|
      options = {
          :js_errors => false,
          :timeout => 360,
          :debug => false,
          :inspector => false,
      }
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :chrome)
    end
  elsif environment =='firefox'
    Capybara.default_driver = :firefox
    Capybara.register_driver :selenium do |app|
      options = {
          :js_errors => true,
          :timeout => 360,
          :debug => false,
          :inspector => false,
      }
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :firefox)
    end
  elsif environment == 'safari'
    Capybara.default_driver = :safari
    Capybara.register_driver :safari do |app|
      options = {
          :js_errors => false,
          :timeout => 360,
          :debug => false,
          :inspector => false,
      }
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :safari)
    end
  elsif environment == 'opera'
    Capybara.default_driver = :opera
    Capybara.register_driver :opera do |app|
      options = {
          :js_errors => false,
          :timeout => 360,
          :debug => false,
          :inspector => false,
      }
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :opera)
    end
  elsif
  Capybara.default_driver = :poltergeist
    Capybara.register_driver :poltergeist do |app|
      options = {
          :js_errors => false,
          :timeout => 360,
          :debug => false,
          :phantomjs_options => ['--load-images=no', '--disk-cache=false'],
          :inspector => false,
      }
      Capybara::Poltergeist::Driver.new(app, options)
    end
  end

  Capybara.save_path = "../Reports" # path where screenshots are saved

  config.after { |example_group| CapybaraScreenshot.save_and_open_page_path if example_group.exception }

  Capybara::Screenshot.register_filename_prefix_formatter(:rspec) do |example|
    "screenshot_#{example.description.gsub(' ', '-').gsub(/^.*\/spec\//, '')}"
  end

end

Capybara.default_max_wait_time = 15

Answer 1

如果您碰巧通过这里寻找通过许多浏览器运行每个测试的方法，我根据 Thomas Walpole 接受的答案编写了这个（工作！）（过于健谈）sn-p：

Rspec.configure do |conf|

  Capybara.register_driver :chrome do |mode|
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new mode, :browser => :remote, :desired_capabilities => :chrome
    end

    Capybara.register_driver :firefox do |mode|
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new mode, :browser => :remote, :desired_capabilities => :firefox
  end

  ## Here we politely ask every example to run twice, for each browser we want
  conf.around do |example|
    puts '~> ' + example.metadata[:example_group][:full_description]
    # avoid looping over Capybara.drivers as it will also contain "selenium" generic driver and "rack_test" basic (js-less) browser
    [:chrome, :firefox].each do |browser|
      Capybara.current_driver = browser
      puts "~~> #{example.description} @ #{browser}"
      example.run
    end
  end

  Capybara.default_driver = :chrome
end

输出结束是这样的：

~> The contact page
~~> loads @ chrome
~~> loads @ firefox
.

Finished in 20.9 seconds (files took 2.69 seconds to load)
1 example, 0 failures

显然所有puts 行都可以删除/注释掉，它们只是为了示例目的:)

在每个~~> 行之后，所述浏览器打开并运行示例。
但是，必须小心从您的示例中删除 :js => true，否则 Capybara 将强制运行它们而不是默认的 javascript_driver。

Answer 2

您传递给您正在注册的驱动程序的选项仅对 poltergeist 有效。您可以注册所有驱动程序，然后使用您需要的驱动程序，而不是大的 if/else。

RSpec.configure do |config|

  config.include LoginHelper # You probably want to only include this for feature tests
  config.include RSpec::Matchers # not needed if you use the standard capybara rspec setup by including capybara/rspec
  config.include Capybara::DSL # not needed if you use the standard capybara rspec setup by including capybara/rspec

  end

  Capybara.save_path = "../Reports" # path where screenshots are saved

  config.after { |example_group| CapybaraScreenshot.save_and_open_page_path if example_group.exception }

  Capybara::Screenshot.register_filename_prefix_formatter(:rspec) do |example|
    "screenshot_#{example.description.gsub(' ', '-').gsub(/^.*\/spec\//, '')}"
  end

end

    Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome.driver_path = '../Resources/chromedriver.exe'
    Capybara.register_driver :selenium_chrome do |app|
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :chrome)
    end

    Capybara.register_driver :selenium_firefox do |app|
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :firefox)
    end

    Capybara.register_driver :selenium_safari do |app|
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :safari)
    end

    Capybara.register_driver :selenium_opera do |app|
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :opera)
    end

    Capybara.register_driver :poltergeist do |app|
      options = {
          :js_errors => false,
          :timeout => 360,
          :debug => false,
          :phantomjs_options => ['--load-images=no', '--disk-cache=false'],
          :inspector => false,
      }
      Capybara::Poltergeist::Driver.new(app, options)
    end

然后将 Capybara.default_driver 和/或 Capybara.javascript_driver（取决于您是否使用需要 JS 的 rack_test 和标记测试运行一些测试）设置为您要用于运行测试的驱动程序。

Capybara.default_driver = :selenium_chrome

要针对多个浏览器运行所有测试，通常将 CI 系统配置为多次运行，并为每次运行设置不同的驱动程序（例如基于环境变量）。如果您需要一次运行它们，您可以让您的 RSpec 测试所有共享示例，然后配置包含共享示例的测试块，但每个测试块都在 before 块中设置不同的驱动程序。

对于并行测试，您可以查看 parallel_tests gem - https://github.com/grosser/parallel_tests