VS2010 - 使用 <Import /> 在安装项目之间共享属性？

Question

为什么<Import />这个文件不起作用，当我用仅复制粘贴三个属性替换语句时它起作用？

../../Setup.Version.proj

<Project xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
    <PropertyGroup>
        <InstallerMajorVersion>7</InstallerMajorVersion>
        <InstallerMinorVersion>7</InstallerMinorVersion>
        <InstallerBuildNumber>7</InstallerBuildNumber>
    </PropertyGroup>
</Project>

作品：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
    <PropertyGroup>
        <InstallerMajorVersion>7</InstallerMajorVersion>
        <InstallerMinorVersion>7</InstallerMinorVersion>
        <InstallerBuildNumber>7</InstallerBuildNumber>
        <OutputName>asdf-$(InstallerMajorVersion).$(InstallerMinorVersion).$(InstallerBuildNumber)</OutputName>
        <OutputType>Package</OutputType>

不起作用：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
    <Import Project="../../Setup.Version.proj" />
    <PropertyGroup>
        <OutputName>asdf-$(InstallerMajorVersion).$(InstallerMinorVersion).$(InstallerBuildNumber)</OutputName>
        <OutputType>Package</OutputType>

这里的变量只是评估为空字符串... :( 我确定导入项目的路径是正确的。

---

所以当我从命令行运行 msbuild 时它似乎工作正常，但当我在 Visual Studio 中构建项目时却不行。为什么呢？

Answer 1

我尝试过重现，一切正常：

importme.proj

<Project xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
    <PropertyGroup>
        <InstallerMajorVersion>7</InstallerMajorVersion>
        <InstallerMinorVersion>7</InstallerMinorVersion>
        <InstallerBuildNumber>7</InstallerBuildNumber>
    </PropertyGroup>
</Project>

ma​​in.proj

<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
    <Import Project="importme.proj" />
    <PropertyGroup>
        <OutputName>asdf-$(InstallerMajorVersion).$(InstallerMinorVersion).$(InstallerBuildNumber)</OutputName>
        <OutputType>Package</OutputType>
    </PropertyGroup>
    <Target Name="Build">
        <Message Text="$(OutputName)"/>
    </Target>
</Project>

输出

Microsoft (R) Build Engine version 4.0.30319.17626
[Microsoft .NET Framework, version 4.0.30319.17626]
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Build started 10.09.2012 12:35:12.
Project "d:\temp\SO\main.proj" on node 1 (default targets).
Build:
  asdf-7.7.7
Done Building Project "d:\temp\SO\main.proj" (default targets).


Build succeeded.
    0 Warning(s)
    0 Error(s)

Time Elapsed 00:00:00.55

运行使用

msbuild main.proj

更新：您需要重新加载项目以更新包含的文件或使用workaround。

Answer 2

它不起作用的原因是 Visual Studio 已经缓存了包含的文件，因此我对其所做的任何更改都不会生效，直到我重新加载解决方案或重新启动 Visual Studio。这似乎是 VS 2010 的限制。重新加载 VS 2010 后，一切正常。

Answer 3

Import 元素仅在Project 元素下有效。但是，代码似乎想要将值导入<ProjectGroup> 元素。尝试在 Setup.Version.proj 中将这些值声明为变量，并在您的主 MSBuild 文件中引用它们，例如：

<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
    <Import Project="../../Setup.Version.proj" /> <!-- Variables declared in here -->
    <PropertyGroup>
        <InstallerMajorVersion>$(MyInstallerMajorVersion)</InstallerMajorVersion>
        <InstallerMinorVersion>$(MyInstallerMinorVersion)</InstallerMinorVersion>
        <InstallerBuildNumber>$(MyInstallerBuildNumber)</InstallerBuildNumber>
        <OutputName>asdf-$(InstallerMajorVersion).$(InstallerMinorVersion).$(InstallerBuildNumber)</OutputName>
        <OutputType>Package</OutputType>