Django 'pip install django-heroku'(psycopg2) 错误阻止部署到 Heroku答案

【问题标题】：Django 'pip install django-heroku'(psycopg2) error is blocking deployment to HerokuDjango 'pip install django-heroku'(psycopg2) 错误阻止部署到 Heroku
【发布时间】：2019-12-08 13:01:45
【问题描述】：

我正在设置一个新的 Django 项目以部署在 Heroku 上，但是当我按照 Django Heroku 部署指南进行操作时，我在“pip install django-heroku”期间遇到了一个错误。

我正在运行：
操作系统：MacOS Mojave 10.14.6
虚拟环境：python3
点冻结输出：

(env) MacBook-Pro:testing_django sudoxx2$ pip freeze
dj-database-url==0.5.0
Django==2.2.3
gunicorn==19.9.0
psycopg2-binary==2.8.3
pytz==2019.1
sqlparse==0.3.0
whitenoise==4.1.3

这是执行pip install django-heroku命令后的错误输出：

(env) MacBook-Pro:testing_django sudoxx2$ pip install psycopg2-binary
Collecting psycopg2-binary
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ee/ed/2772267467ba5c21a73d37149da0b49a4343c6646d501dbb1450b492d40a/psycopg2_binary-2.8.3-cp37-cp37m-macosx_10_6_intel.macosx_10_9_intel.macosx_10_9_x86_64.macosx_10_10_intel.macosx_10_10_x86_64.whl
Installing collected packages: psycopg2-binary
Successfully installed psycopg2-binary-2.8.3
(env) MacBook-Pro:testing_django sudoxx2$ pip install django-heroku
Collecting django-heroku
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/59/af/5475a876c5addd5a3494db47d9f7be93cc14d3a7603542b194572791b6c6/django_heroku-0.3.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting psycopg2 (from django-heroku)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5c/1c/6997288da181277a0c29bc39a5f9143ff20b8c99f2a7d059cfb55163e165/psycopg2-2.8.3.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: whitenoise in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django-heroku) (4.1.3)
Requirement already satisfied: django in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django-heroku) (2.2.3)
Requirement already satisfied: dj-database-url>=0.5.0 in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django-heroku) (0.5.0)
Requirement already satisfied: sqlparse in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django->django-heroku) (0.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django->django-heroku) (2019.1)
Installing collected packages: psycopg2, django-heroku
  Running setup.py install for psycopg2 ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-record-tyidyv7j/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/include/site/python3.7/psycopg2
         cwd: /private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/
    Complete output (48 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_json.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/extras.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/compat.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/errorcodes.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/tz.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_range.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_ipaddress.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_lru_cache.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/extensions.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/errors.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/sql.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/pool.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    running build_ext
    building 'psycopg2._psycopg' extension
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg
    gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -DPSYCOPG_VERSION=2.8.3 (dt dec pq3 ext lo64) -DPG_VERSION_NUM=110004 -DHAVE_LO64=1 -I/Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -I. -I/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/11.4/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/11.4/include/server -c psycopg/psycopgmodule.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg/psycopgmodule.o
    In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
    In file included from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:34:
    /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:30:10: warning: non-portable path to file '<String.h>'; specified path differs in case from file name on disk [-Wnonportable-include-path]
    #include <string.h>
             ^~~~~~~~~~
             <String.h>
    In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
    In file included from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:34:
    In file included from /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:30:
    /usr/local/include/string.h:25:10: fatal error: 'plist/Node.h' file not found
    #include <plist/Node.h>
             ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    1 warning and 1 error generated.

    It appears you are missing some prerequisite to build the package from source.

    You may install a binary package by installing 'psycopg2-binary' from PyPI.
    If you want to install psycopg2 from source, please install the packages
    required for the build and try again.

    For further information please check the 'doc/src/install.rst' file (also at
    <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/install.html>).

    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-record-tyidyv7j/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/include/site/python3.7/psycopg2 Check the logs for full command output.
(env) MacBook-Pro:testing_django sudoxx2$ pip install psycopg2-binary
Collecting psycopg2-binary
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ee/ed/2772267467ba5c21a73d37149da0b49a4343c6646d501dbb1450b492d40a/psycopg2_binary-2.8.3-cp37-cp37m-macosx_10_6_intel.macosx_10_9_intel.macosx_10_9_x86_64.macosx_10_10_intel.macosx_10_10_x86_64.whl
Installing collected packages: psycopg2-binary
Successfully installed psycopg2-binary-2.8.3
(env) MacBook-Pro:testing_django sudoxx2$ pip install django-heroku
Collecting django-heroku
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/59/af/5475a876c5addd5a3494db47d9f7be93cc14d3a7603542b194572791b6c6/django_heroku-0.3.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting psycopg2 (from django-heroku)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5c/1c/6997288da181277a0c29bc39a5f9143ff20b8c99f2a7d059cfb55163e165/psycopg2-2.8.3.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: whitenoise in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django-heroku) (4.1.3)
Requirement already satisfied: django in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django-heroku) (2.2.3)
Requirement already satisfied: dj-database-url>=0.5.0 in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django-heroku) (0.5.0)
Requirement already satisfied: sqlparse in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django->django-heroku) (0.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django->django-heroku) (2019.1)
Installing collected packages: psycopg2, django-heroku
  Running setup.py install for psycopg2 ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-record-tyidyv7j/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/include/site/python3.7/psycopg2
         cwd: /private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/
    Complete output (48 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_json.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/extras.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/compat.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/errorcodes.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/tz.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_range.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_ipaddress.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_lru_cache.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/extensions.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/errors.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/sql.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/pool.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    running build_ext
    building 'psycopg2._psycopg' extension
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg
    gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -DPSYCOPG_VERSION=2.8.3 (dt dec pq3 ext lo64) -DPG_VERSION_NUM=110004 -DHAVE_LO64=1 -I/Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -I. -I/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/11.4/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/11.4/include/server -c psycopg/psycopgmodule.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg/psycopgmodule.o
    In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
    In file included from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:34:
    /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:30:10: warning: non-portable path to file '<String.h>'; specified path differs in case from file name on disk [-Wnonportable-include-path]
    #include <string.h>
             ^~~~~~~~~~
             <String.h>
    In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
    In file included from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:34:
    In file included from /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:30:
    /usr/local/include/string.h:25:10: fatal error: 'plist/Node.h' file not found
    #include <plist/Node.h>
             ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    1 warning and 1 error generated.

    It appears you are missing some prerequisite to build the package from source.

    You may install a binary package by installing 'psycopg2-binary' from PyPI.
    If you want to install psycopg2 from source, please install the packages
    required for the build and try again.

    For further information please check the 'doc/src/install.rst' file (also at
    <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/install.html>).

    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-record-tyidyv7j/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/include/site/python3.7/psycopg2 Check the logs for full command output.(env) MacBook-Pro:testing_django sudoxx2$ pip install psycopg2-binary
Collecting psycopg2-binary
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ee/ed/2772267467ba5c21a73d37149da0b49a4343c6646d501dbb1450b492d40a/psycopg2_binary-2.8.3-cp37-cp37m-macosx_10_6_intel.macosx_10_9_intel.macosx_10_9_x86_64.macosx_10_10_intel.macosx_10_10_x86_64.whl
Installing collected packages: psycopg2-binary
Successfully installed psycopg2-binary-2.8.3
(env) MacBook-Pro:testing_django sudoxx2$ pip install django-heroku
Collecting django-heroku
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/59/af/5475a876c5addd5a3494db47d9f7be93cc14d3a7603542b194572791b6c6/django_heroku-0.3.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting psycopg2 (from django-heroku)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5c/1c/6997288da181277a0c29bc39a5f9143ff20b8c99f2a7d059cfb55163e165/psycopg2-2.8.3.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: whitenoise in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django-heroku) (4.1.3)
Requirement already satisfied: django in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django-heroku) (2.2.3)
Requirement already satisfied: dj-database-url>=0.5.0 in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django-heroku) (0.5.0)
Requirement already satisfied: sqlparse in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django->django-heroku) (0.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django->django-heroku) (2019.1)
Installing collected packages: psycopg2, django-heroku
  Running setup.py install for psycopg2 ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-record-tyidyv7j/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/include/site/python3.7/psycopg2
         cwd: /private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/
    Complete output (48 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_json.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/extras.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/compat.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/errorcodes.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/tz.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_range.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_ipaddress.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_lru_cache.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/extensions.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/errors.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/sql.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/pool.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    running build_ext
    building 'psycopg2._psycopg' extension
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg
    gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -DPSYCOPG_VERSION=2.8.3 (dt dec pq3 ext lo64) -DPG_VERSION_NUM=110004 -DHAVE_LO64=1 -I/Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -I. -I/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/11.4/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/11.4/include/server -c psycopg/psycopgmodule.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg/psycopgmodule.o
    In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
    In file included from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:34:
    /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:30:10: warning: non-portable path to file '<String.h>'; specified path differs in case from file name on disk [-Wnonportable-include-path]
    #include <string.h>
             ^~~~~~~~~~
             <String.h>
    In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
    In file included from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:34:
    In file included from /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:30:
    /usr/local/include/string.h:25:10: fatal error: 'plist/Node.h' file not found
    #include <plist/Node.h>
             ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    1 warning and 1 error generated.

    It appears you are missing some prerequisite to build the package from source.

    You may install a binary package by installing 'psycopg2-binary' from PyPI.
    If you want to install psycopg2 from source, please install the packages
    required for the build and try again.

    For further information please check the 'doc/src/install.rst' file (also at
    <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/install.html>).

    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-record-tyidyv7j/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/include/site/python3.7/psycopg2 Check the logs for full command output.(env) MacBook-Pro:testing_django sudoxx2$ pip install psycopg2-binary
Collecting psycopg2-binary
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ee/ed/2772267467ba5c21a73d37149da0b49a4343c6646d501dbb1450b492d40a/psycopg2_binary-2.8.3-cp37-cp37m-macosx_10_6_intel.macosx_10_9_intel.macosx_10_9_x86_64.macosx_10_10_intel.macosx_10_10_x86_64.whl
Installing collected packages: psycopg2-binary
Successfully installed psycopg2-binary-2.8.3
(env) MacBook-Pro:testing_django sudoxx2$ pip install django-heroku
Collecting django-heroku
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/59/af/5475a876c5addd5a3494db47d9f7be93cc14d3a7603542b194572791b6c6/django_heroku-0.3.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting psycopg2 (from django-heroku)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5c/1c/6997288da181277a0c29bc39a5f9143ff20b8c99f2a7d059cfb55163e165/psycopg2-2.8.3.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: whitenoise in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django-heroku) (4.1.3)
Requirement already satisfied: django in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django-heroku) (2.2.3)
Requirement already satisfied: dj-database-url>=0.5.0 in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django-heroku) (0.5.0)
Requirement already satisfied: sqlparse in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django->django-heroku) (0.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz in /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from django->django-heroku) (2019.1)
Installing collected packages: psycopg2, django-heroku
  Running setup.py install for psycopg2 ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-record-tyidyv7j/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/include/site/python3.7/psycopg2
         cwd: /private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/
    Complete output (48 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_json.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/extras.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/compat.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/errorcodes.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/tz.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_range.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_ipaddress.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/_lru_cache.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/extensions.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/errors.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/sql.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    copying lib/pool.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg2
    running build_ext
    building 'psycopg2._psycopg' extension
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg
    gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g -DPSYCOPG_VERSION=2.8.3 (dt dec pq3 ext lo64) -DPG_VERSION_NUM=110004 -DHAVE_LO64=1 -I/Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m -I. -I/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/11.4/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/11.4/include/server -c psycopg/psycopgmodule.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-3.7/psycopg/psycopgmodule.o
    In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
    In file included from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:34:
    /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:30:10: warning: non-portable path to file '<String.h>'; specified path differs in case from file name on disk [-Wnonportable-include-path]
    #include <string.h>
             ^~~~~~~~~~
             <String.h>
    In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
    In file included from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:34:
    In file included from /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/include/python3.7m/Python.h:30:
    /usr/local/include/string.h:25:10: fatal error: 'plist/Node.h' file not found
    #include <plist/Node.h>
             ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    1 warning and 1 error generated.

    It appears you are missing some prerequisite to build the package from source.

    You may install a binary package by installing 'psycopg2-binary' from PyPI.
    If you want to install psycopg2 from source, please install the packages
    required for the build and try again.

    For further information please check the 'doc/src/install.rst' file (also at
    <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/install.html>).

    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-install-cq6yuehb/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/4d/s84v7k6d1dx_m_6qbd1wfbz80000gp/T/pip-record-tyidyv7j/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/sudoxx2/Documents/github/delete_copy/env/include/site/python3.7/psycopg2 Check the logs for full command output.

我尝试过pip install psycopg2-binary，但没有成功。

新建一个项目进行测试，出现同样的错误。

任何帮助都会很棒。

2019 年 7 月 31 日更新

我在 Windows 10 上进行了测试，一切顺利，并且能够部署到 heroku。看起来这可能是特定于 Mojave 操作系统的。

【问题讨论】：

标签： django python-3.x heroku pip psycopg2

【解决方案1】：

我尝试了几种解决方案，除了最简单的解决方案之外没有一个可行：

pip3 install psycopg2==2.7.5

此命令运行良好（似乎是某个版本的问题）

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

要在 django 中安装 heroku，命令行 django-heroku 更改为

pip install django-on-heroku

【讨论】：

致任何被其他人困住并失败的人：这是最准确的答案，几乎可以立即解决您的问题。

【解决方案3】：

对于 MacOS 用户

在尝试了上述所有方法（在 MacOS 10.14 上对我不起作用）之后，那个方法奏效了：

用

安装 openssl

brew install openssl

如果你还没有。将 openssl 路径添加到 LIBRARY_PATH ：

export LIBRARY_PATH=$LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/

用 pip 安装 psycopg2

pip3 install psycopg2

我一直在寻找，这终于对我有用。

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

我遇到了同样的问题，一直想知道为什么 Heroku 没有更新包 django-heroku 包来解决这个问题。但是，我们不应该期望更新来解决这个问题。 django-heroku repo 已在 github 上实现。 https://github.com/heroku/django-heroku。仔细查看https://github.com/heroku/django-heroku/blob/master/setup.py 会发现他们将psycopg2 列为一项要求。因此，为什么它会尝试安装在您的计算机上。解决这个问题。

 1. Remove django-heroku package from your requirements.
 2. Remove django-heroku settings from settings.py
 3. Set STATIC_ROOT.
 4. Add your heroku url to ALLOWED_HOSTS.

Django-heroku 不再需要在 heroku 上托管 Django 应用程序。我已经使用在 DJango 2.2 上运行的应用程序测试了上述内容。

【讨论】：

【解决方案5】：

这样做会奏效

brew install postgresql
pip3 install psycopg2
pip install django-heroku

【讨论】：

【解决方案6】：

最近遇到了这个问题。对我有帮助的是 pip3 install psycopg2==2.8.3 和后来的 pip3 install django-heroku

【讨论】：

【解决方案7】：

来自docs 对于大多数操作系统，安装 Psycopg 的最快方法是使用 PyPI 上提供的 wheel 包：

$ pip install psycopg2-binary

这将安装模块的预编译二进制版本，不需要构建或运行时先决条件。

你应该得到这样的回应

Collecting psycopg2-binary
  Downloading psycopg2_binary-2.8.6-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (3.0 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 3.0 MB 62 kB/s 
Installing collected packages: psycopg2-binary
Successfully installed psycopg2-binary-2.8.6

【讨论】：

【解决方案8】：

操作系统：MacOS Mojave 10.14.4

虚拟环境：python3.6

我没有使用 heroku，但遇到了同样的错误，这就是为我解决的问题：

sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target /

之后你应该可以通过 pip 安装：

(venv) MacBook-Pro:testing_django user$ pip install psycopg2

(venv) MacBook-Pro:testing_django user$ pip freeze
Django==2.2.4
psycopg2==2.8.3
pytz==2019.2
sqlparse==0.3.0

来自：https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/3438#issuecomment-435169249

【讨论】：

您好，我运行了您的命令，但对我不起作用。仍然出现同样的错误
不确定你是否已经这样做了，但是上面提到的命令是已经安装 Xcode 命令行工具后的后续建议：xcode-select --install 除此之外，我会注意到我们的不同之处设置：您使用的是psycopg2-binary 和python 3.7.x，而我使用的是psycopg2 和python 3.6.9。我也没有使用heroku，也没有经验。我的最后一个建议是通过自制软件安装 postgresql：brew install postgresql。希望这会有所帮助

【解决方案9】：

我有一段时间遇到同样的问题，然后这对我有帮助：

brew install openssl

将openssl路径添加到LIBRARY_PATH：

export LIBRARY_PATH=$LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/

使用 pip 安装psycopg2：

pip3 install psycopg2

最后：

pip3 install django-heroku

【讨论】：

【解决方案10】：

在linux下试试

sudo apt install libpq-dev

pip install django-heroku

我使用这些命令解决了我的问题

如果不行，试试

sudo apt install django-on-heroku

【讨论】：

【解决方案11】：

pip install django-on-heroku 将 psycopg2 更改为 psycopg2-binary，因此它可以工作并且可以安装！

【讨论】：

github.com/pkrefta/django-on-heroku
考虑 upvoting 而不是 repeating the same answer already posted。

【解决方案12】：

您需要通过 os 命令安装 postgres db、postgres 客户端 和 libpq-dev 然后就可以在python环境下安装了

pip install psycopg2

【讨论】：

安装这 3 个建议后对我不起作用

【解决方案13】：

我在 Windows 10 上测试了相同的步骤，一切顺利通过，我能够部署到 heroku。

这似乎是 MAC OS Mojave 特有的。

MacOS Mojave 10.14.6 是我遇到问题的版本

我的解决方案是通过 Windows 10 部署或降级到旧版 Mac OS，例如 High Sierra。

【讨论】：

【解决方案14】：

更新：2021 年 10 月 12 日

与@Artur 提供的解决方案相同，但我必须将版本更改为

pip3 install psycopg2==2.9

【讨论】：

【解决方案15】：

您可以使用此 brew install postgresql 来安装具有正确轮文件的软件包。激活 venv 后，有时您需要下载正确的 wheel 文件来安装某些软件包。此安装使用 setup.py install 而不是使虚拟环境使用 pip3 安装更容易安装所需的包。另一个需要此安装的常见软件包是 scikit-learn。

brew install postgresql
pip3 install psycopg2
pip3 install django-heroku

【讨论】：