如何让 Django 视图返回表单错误

Question

这是我的看法：

def main_page(request):

    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = RegistrationForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            user = User.objects.create_user(
                username=form.clean_data['username'],
                password=form.clean_data['password1'],
                email=form.clean_data['email']
            )
        return HttpResponseRedirect('/')
    else:
        form = RegistrationForm()
        variables = {
            'form': form
        }
        return render(request, 'main_page.html', variables)

这是我的 main_page.html：

{% if form.errors %}
    <p>NOT VALID</p>
    {% for errors in form.errors %}
        {{ errors }}
    {% endfor %}
{% endif %}
<form method="post" action="/">{% csrf_token %}
    <p><label for="id_username">Username:</label>{{ form.username }}</p>
    <p><label for="id_email">Email Address:</label>{{ form.email }}</p>
    <p><label for="id_password">Password:</label>{{ form.password1 }}</p>
    <p><label for="id_retypePassword">Retype Password:</label>{{ form.password2 }}</p>
    <input type="hidden" name="next" />
    <input type="submit" value="Register" />
</form>

当我转到使用 main_page 视图的 url 时，它只显示表单。当我提交有错误的表单（带有空白字段且没有正确的电子邮件地址）时，它只会将我重定向到同一页面并且不显示任何错误。它甚至没有说“无效”。

当我改变时

{% if form.errors %}

到

{% if not form.is_valid %}

它总是说“无效”（即使这是第一次访问该 url，即使我还没有提交任何内容）。

这是我的注册表：

from django import forms
import re
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist

class RegistrationForm(forms.Form):
    username = forms.CharField(label='Username', max_length=30)
    email = forms.EmailField(label='Email')
    password1 = forms.CharField(label='Password', widget=forms.PasswordInput())
    password2 = forms.CharField(label='Password (Again)', widget=forms.PasswordInput())

    def clean_password2(self):
        if 'password1' in self.cleaned_data:
            password1 = self.cleaned_data['password1']
            password2 = self.cleaned_data['password2']
            if password1 == password2:
                return password2
        raise forms.ValidationError('Passwords do not match.')

        def clean_username(self):
        username = self.cleaned_data['username']
        if not re.search(r'^\w+$', username): #checks if all the characters in username are in the regex. If they aren't, it returns None
            raise forms.ValidationError('Username can only contain alphanumeric characters and the underscore.')
        try:
            User.objects.get(username=username) #this raises an ObjectDoesNotExist exception if it doesn't find a user with that username
        except ObjectDoesNotExist:
            return username #if username doesn't exist, this is good. We can create the username
        raise forms.ValidationError('Username is already taken.')

Answer 1

它会重定向你，因为如果方法是 POST，即使表单无效，你总是返回 HttpResponseRedirect。试试这个：

def main_page(request):
    form = RegistrationForm()
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = RegistrationForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            user = User.objects.create_user(
                username=form.clean_data['username'],
                password=form.clean_data['password1'],
                email=form.clean_data['email']
            )
            return HttpResponseRedirect('/')        
    variables = {
        'form': form
    }
    return render(request, 'main_page.html', variables)

这样，调用is_valid 的表单实例被传递给模板，并且它有机会显示错误。只有当表单有效时，用户才会被重定向。如果您想花哨，请在重定向之前使用messages framework添加消息。

如果你想让它更简洁一点：

def main_page(request):
    form = RegistrationForm(request.POST or None)
    if form.is_valid():
        user = User.objects.create_user(
            username=form.clean_data['username'],
            password=form.clean_data['password1'],
            email=form.clean_data['email']
        )
        return HttpResponseRedirect('/')        
    variables = {
        'form': form
    }
    return render(request, 'main_page.html', variables)

Answer 2

让你的视图变成这样：

if form.is_valid():
    pass
    # actions
else:
    # form instance will have errors so we pass it into template
    return render(request, 'template.html', {'form': form})

在模板中你可以遍历 form.errors 或简单：

{{ forms.as_p }}

Answer 3

您可以重新格式化视图以在控制台中显示表单错误，如下所示

def main_page(request):

    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = RegistrationForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            user = User.objects.create_user(
                username=form.clean_data['username'],
                password=form.clean_data['password1'],
                email=form.clean_data['email']
            )
        else:
            print(form.errors)
            return HttpResponse("Form Validation Error")

        return HttpResponseRedirect('/')
    else:
        form = RegistrationForm()
        variables = {
            'form': form
        }
        return render(request, 'main_page.html', variables)

与往常一样，保持上述缩进。如果表单有任何错误，它将显示在控制台中，如

<ul class="errorlist"><li>date<ul class="errorlist"><li>Enter a valid date.</li></ul></li></ul>

希望对你有帮助