由于 sqlite3，无法将 rails 应用程序推送到 heroku？

【问题标题】：Can't push rails app to heroku because of sqlite3?由于 sqlite3，无法将 rails 应用程序推送到 heroku？
【发布时间】：2017-11-08 02:55:37
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试将我的应用推送到 heroku，但我无法阻止它安装 sqlite3 - 我相信这是导致推送问题的原因。

我已阅读并应用了以下 SO 帖子：

我也确保了我的工作：

git add .
git commit -m "sqlite3 problem"
git push heroku master

我尝试删除 Gemfile.lock 并同时运行 bundle 和 bundle install 并添加、提交并将其推送到 heroku，但仍然没有运气。

这是在我的 Gemfile 中：

group :production do
  gem 'pg'
end
group :development, :test do
  gem 'byebug', platform: :mri
  gem 'faker', '~> 1.7', '>= 1.7.3'
  gem 'rspec-rails', '~> 3.5'
  gem 'factory_girl_rails', '~> 4.8'
  gem 'sqlite3'
end

错误日志：

remote: -----> Ruby app detected
remote: -----> Compiling Ruby/Rails
remote: -----> Using Ruby version: ruby-2.3.4
remote: -----> Installing dependencies using bundler 1.13.7
remote:        Running: bundle install --without development:test --path vendor/bundle --binstubs vendor/bundle/bin -j4 --deployment
remote:        Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/...........
remote:        Fetching version metadata from https://rubygems.org/..
remote:        Fetching dependency metadata from https://rubygems.org/.
remote:        Installing i18n 0.8.1
remote:        Installing rake 12.0.0
remote:        Installing concurrent-ruby 1.0.5
remote:        Installing minitest 5.10.1
remote:        Installing thread_safe 0.3.6
remote:        Installing builder 3.2.3
remote:        Installing erubis 2.7.0
remote:        Installing mini_portile2 2.1.0
remote:        Installing nio4r 2.0.0 with native extensions
remote:        Installing rack 2.0.1
remote:        Installing websocket-extensions 0.1.2
remote:        Installing mime-types-data 3.2016.0521
remote:        Installing arel 7.1.4
remote:        Installing connection_pool 2.2.1
remote:        Installing thor 0.19.4
remote:        Installing jwt 1.5.6
remote:        Installing method_source 0.8.2
remote:        Installing multi_json 1.12.1
remote:        Using bundler 1.13.7
remote:        Installing puma 3.8.2 with native extensions
remote:        Installing redis 3.3.3
remote:        Installing sqlite3 1.3.13 with native extensions
remote:        Installing tzinfo 1.2.3
remote:        Installing nokogiri 1.7.1 with native extensions
remote:        Installing rack-test 0.6.3
remote:        Installing rack-protection 2.0.0
remote:        Installing sprockets 3.7.1
remote:        Installing websocket-driver 0.6.5 with native extensions
remote:        Installing mime-types 3.1
remote:        Installing foreman 0.84.0
remote:        Installing twilio-ruby 4.11.1
remote:        Installing activesupport 5.0.2
remote:        Installing sidekiq 5.0.0
remote:        Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
remote:        current directory:
remote:        /tmp/build_cb97a281aec933a41e755d6b82c2e524/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/sqlite3-1.3.13/ext/sqlite3
remote:        /tmp/build_cb97a281aec933a41e755d6b82c2e524/vendor/ruby-2.3.4/bin/ruby -r
remote:        ./siteconf20170606-219-133actd.rb extconf.rb
remote:        checking for sqlite3.h... no
remote:        sqlite3.h is missing. Try 'brew install sqlite3',
remote:        'yum install sqlite-devel' or 'apt-get install libsqlite3-dev'
remote:        and check your shared library search path (the
remote:        location where your sqlite3 shared library is located).
remote:        *** extconf.rb failed ***
remote:        Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
remote:        libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
remote:        need configuration options.
remote:        Provided configuration options:
remote:        --with-opt-dir
remote:        --without-opt-dir
remote:        --with-opt-include
remote:        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
remote:        --with-opt-lib
remote:        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
remote:        --with-make-prog
remote:        --without-make-prog
remote:        --srcdir=.
remote:        --curdir
remote:        --ruby=/tmp/build_cb97a281aec933a41e755d6b82c2e524/vendor/ruby-2.3.4/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
remote:        --with-sqlite3-config
remote:        --without-sqlite3-config
remote:        --with-pkg-config
remote:        --without-pkg-config
remote:        --with-sqlite3-dir
remote:        --without-sqlite3-dir
remote:        --with-sqlite3-include
remote:        --without-sqlite3-include=${sqlite3-dir}/include
remote:        --with-sqlite3-lib
remote:        --without-sqlite3-lib=${sqlite3-dir}/lib
remote:        To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can
remote:        be found here:
remote:        /tmp/build_cb97a281aec933a41e755d6b82c2e524/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/sqlite3-1.3.13/mkmf.log
remote:        extconf failed, exit code 1
remote:        Gem files will remain installed in
remote:        /tmp/build_cb97a281aec933a41e755d6b82c2e524/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/sqlite3-1.3.13
remote:        for inspection.
remote:        Results logged to
remote:        /tmp/build_cb97a281aec933a41e755d6b82c2e524/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/sqlite3-1.3.13/gem_make.out
remote:        An error occurred while installing sqlite3 (1.3.13), and Bundler cannot
remote:        continue.
remote:        Make sure that `gem install sqlite3 -v '1.3.13'` succeeds before bundling.
remote:        Bundler Output: Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/...........
remote:        Fetching version metadata from https://rubygems.org/..
remote:        Fetching dependency metadata from https://rubygems.org/.
remote:        Installing i18n 0.8.1
remote:        Installing rake 12.0.0
remote:        Installing concurrent-ruby 1.0.5
remote:        Installing minitest 5.10.1
remote:        Installing thread_safe 0.3.6
remote:        Installing builder 3.2.3
remote:        Installing erubis 2.7.0
remote:        Installing mini_portile2 2.1.0
remote:        Installing nio4r 2.0.0 with native extensions
remote:        Installing rack 2.0.1
remote:        Installing websocket-extensions 0.1.2
remote:        Installing mime-types-data 3.2016.0521
remote:        Installing arel 7.1.4
remote:        Installing connection_pool 2.2.1
remote:        Installing thor 0.19.4
remote:        Installing jwt 1.5.6
remote:        Installing method_source 0.8.2
remote:        Installing multi_json 1.12.1
remote:        Using bundler 1.13.7
remote:        Installing puma 3.8.2 with native extensions
remote:        Installing redis 3.3.3
remote:        Installing sqlite3 1.3.13 with native extensions
remote:        Installing tzinfo 1.2.3
remote:        Installing nokogiri 1.7.1 with native extensions
remote:        Installing rack-test 0.6.3
remote:        Installing rack-protection 2.0.0
remote:        Installing sprockets 3.7.1
remote:        Installing websocket-driver 0.6.5 with native extensions
remote:        Installing mime-types 3.1
remote:        Installing foreman 0.84.0
remote:        Installing twilio-ruby 4.11.1
remote:        Installing activesupport 5.0.2
remote:        Installing sidekiq 5.0.0
remote:        Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
remote:        
remote:        current directory:
remote:        /tmp/build_cb97a281aec933a41e755d6b82c2e524/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/sqlite3-1.3.13/ext/sqlite3
remote:        /tmp/build_cb97a281aec933a41e755d6b82c2e524/vendor/ruby-2.3.4/bin/ruby -r
remote:        ./siteconf20170606-219-133actd.rb extconf.rb
remote:        checking for sqlite3.h... no
remote:        sqlite3.h is missing. Try 'brew install sqlite3',
remote:        'yum install sqlite-devel' or 'apt-get install libsqlite3-dev'
remote:        and check your shared library search path (the
remote:        location where your sqlite3 shared library is located).
remote:        *** extconf.rb failed ***
remote:        Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
remote:        libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
remote:        need configuration options.
remote:        
remote:        Provided configuration options:
remote:        --with-opt-dir
remote:        --without-opt-dir
remote:        --with-opt-include
remote:        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
remote:        --with-opt-lib
remote:        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
remote:        --with-make-prog
remote:        --without-make-prog
remote:        --srcdir=.
remote:        --curdir
remote:        --ruby=/tmp/build_cb97a281aec933a41e755d6b82c2e524/vendor/ruby-2.3.4/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
remote:        --with-sqlite3-config
remote:        --without-sqlite3-config
remote:        --with-pkg-config
remote:        --without-pkg-config
remote:        --with-sqlite3-dir
remote:        --without-sqlite3-dir
remote:        --with-sqlite3-include
remote:        --without-sqlite3-include=${sqlite3-dir}/include
remote:        --with-sqlite3-lib
remote:        --without-sqlite3-lib=${sqlite3-dir}/lib
remote:        
remote:        To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can
remote:        be found here:
remote:        
remote:        /tmp/build_cb97a281aec933a41e755d6b82c2e524/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/sqlite3-1.3.13/mkmf.log
remote:        
remote:        extconf failed, exit code 1
remote:        
remote:        Gem files will remain installed in
remote:        /tmp/build_cb97a281aec933a41e755d6b82c2e524/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/sqlite3-1.3.13
remote:        for inspection.
remote:        Results logged to
remote:        /tmp/build_cb97a281aec933a41e755d6b82c2e524/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/sqlite3-1.3.13/gem_make.out
remote:        
remote:        An error occurred while installing sqlite3 (1.3.13), and Bundler cannot
remote:        continue.
remote:        Make sure that `gem install sqlite3 -v '1.3.13'` succeeds before bundling.
remote:  !
remote:  !     Failed to install gems via Bundler.
remote:  !     Detected sqlite3 gem which is not supported on Heroku:
remote:  !     https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/sqlite3
remote:  !
remote:  !     Push rejected, failed to compile Ruby app.
remote: 
remote:  !     Push failed
remote: Verifying deploy...
remote:

每一次，我都会看到这条线Installing sqlite3 1.3.13 with native extensions，我相信这是导致错误的原因，即使我没有在生产中使用 sqlite3。我还尝试从 Gemfile 中完全删除 sqlite3，并且只有 gem pg，但是当我将它推送到 heroku 时，它仍然以某种方式安装了 sqlite3。

如何将应用成功推送到heroku？

编辑：

问题已解决（嗯，技术上不是 - 我仍然无法推送，但是 sqlite3 错误消失了，这就是这个问题的要点）。这是我做错的地方：当我看到错误消息时，我正在其他本地分支上工作，比如说 iggy-branch-2。我在这个分支上做了我的git add ., git commit -m "some message", and git push heroku master。当我切换回master 分支和git merge iggy-branch-2 时，在我git push heroku master 之后，它停止尝试安装sqlite3。看来，当我推送到 heroku 时，它会在 master 分支中查找 gemfile.lock（如果我错了，请有人纠正我）。

这里的 cmets 和答案让我了解到，更新 gemfile.lock 的唯一方法实际上就是将其捆绑起来。我认为我做的一切都是正确的，所以我决定尝试切换分支。

带回家：确保我的 master 分支是最新的。似乎 Heroku 在那里寻找 gemfile 信息。

谢谢大家！

【问题讨论】：

  • 执行“捆绑安装”以更新 Gemfile.lock。你能粘贴你的database.yml

标签： ruby-on-rails heroku sqlite


【解决方案1】：

这是因为 herouku 使用您的 gemfile.lock 来知道要使用的 gem 和版本，而不是 gemfile，您必须：

  1. 在本地运行捆绑安装以更新您的 gemfile.lock
  2. 提交并将更改推送到 git(hub)
  3. 推送到heroku。

祝你好运！

编辑：另外，请确保将您的 gemfile.lock 包含到 git 中，尽管这很明显

【讨论】：

    【解决方案2】：

    当您执行git push heroku master 时，它会将您的本地 master 分支 推送到 heroku 远程的 master 分支（无论当前签出哪个本地分支）。

    如果你在另一个分支上工作，比如“feature/foo”并且你想部署那个分支，你需要通过git push feature/foo:master明确告诉git

    另一种方式，来自git push documentation：

    git push origin HEAD:master

    将当前分支推送到origin 存储库中与master 匹配的远程引用。这种形式方便推送当前分支，无需考虑其本地名称。

    正如您猜对的那样，问题在于您在分支上工作，但正在部署 master。这就是为什么在部署之前合并到 master 也解决了这个问题。

    【讨论】：

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