rake db 命令在生产服务器上不起作用

Question

我刚刚使用 postgres 数据库设置了我的生产服务器，将环境更改为生产并运行 bundle install --deployment。我还在我的服务器上设置了 postgres 用户并创建了必要的数据库。

当我运行rake db:schema:load 时，我收到以下错误：

$ rake db:schema:load
-- enable_extension("plpgsql")
rake aborted!
PG::ConnectionBad: FATAL:  Peer authentication failed for user "Javu"
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:651:in `initialize'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:651:in `new'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:651:in `connect'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:242:in `initialize'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:44:in `new'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:44:in `postgresql_connection'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:436:in `new_connection'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:446:in `checkout_new_connection'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:422:in `acquire_connection'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:349:in `block in checkout'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:348:in `checkout'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:263:in `block in connection'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:262:in `connection'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:565:in `retrieve_connection'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:113:in `retrieve_connection'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:87:in `connection'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:646:in `connection'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:661:in `block in method_missing'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:632:in `block in say_with_time'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:632:in `say_with_time'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:652:in `method_missing'
/home/rails/db/schema.rb:17:in `block in <top (required)>'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/schema.rb:41:in `instance_eval'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/schema.rb:41:in `define'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/schema.rb:61:in `define'
/home/rails/db/schema.rb:14:in `<top (required)>'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `block in load'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:218:in `load_schema_for'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:235:in `block in load_schema_current'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:275:in `block in each_current_configuration'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:274:in `each'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:274:in `each_current_configuration'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:234:in `load_schema_current'
/home/rails/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:244:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
Tasks: TOP => db:schema:load
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

rake db:migrate、rake db:create 和 rake db:drop 返回了类似的错误。

我的database.yml 文件如下所示：

default: &default     
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  pool: 5
development: 
  <<: *default
  database: example_developement
  password: ~
  user: Javu
production: 
  <<: *default
  database: example_production
  user: postgres
  host: localhost
test: 
  database: example_test

我必须做些什么来修复此错误并使架构加载正常工作？

Answer 1

看起来您的数据库未配置为让您的用户访问它。将 Rails 排除在外，使用 psql 尝试使用 database.yml 文件中的信息连接到数据库。所以像......

psql -h localhost -U example_production

让它发挥作用。那么Rails应该没问题。您可能需要调整 PostgreSQL 或您的 database.yml，以便他们同意用户/密码/主机设置。

Answer 2

由于返回的错误表明您尝试使用错误的用户登录，这里的问题似乎是您没有正确设置 Rails 环境。

尝试像这样运行命令RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rake db:schema:load。