如何在 Mac (2021) 上安装“virtualenvwrapper”？答案

【问题标题】：How to install `virtualenvwrapper` on Mac (2021)?如何在 Mac (2021) 上安装“virtualenvwrapper”？
【发布时间】：2021-09-14 00:01:17
【问题描述】：

我很难找到仍然相关的教程。自 2021 年起，virtualenvwrapper 是否不再适用于 Mac（OS 11.4）？

我在打开我的zsh 时得到这个：

/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/python3: Error while finding module specification for 'virtualenvwrapper.hook_loader' (ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'virtualenvwrapper')
virtualenvwrapper.sh: There was a problem running the initialization hooks.

If Python could not import the module virtualenvwrapper.hook_loader,
check that virtualenvwrapper has been installed for
VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3 and that PATH is
set properly.

➜  ~ echo $VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON
/usr/bin/python3
➜  ~ which virtualenv
/usr/local/bin/virtualenv
➜  ~ which virtualenvwrapper.sh
/usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

我的~/.zshrc 包含：

export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH
export PATH="/usr/local/sbin:$PATH"

# For virtualenvwrapper
export PATH=/usr/local/share/python:$PATH
export WORKON_HOME=${HOME}/.virtualenvs
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3
#export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_VIRTUALENV=${HOME}/.local/bin/virtualenv
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_VIRTUALENV=/usr/local/bin/virtualenv
source $(which virtualenvwrapper.sh)

我不再从https://www.python.org/downloads/ 下载的 Mac 安装程序安装 python3。

我似乎安装了不少于三个python3：

/usr/bin/python3
/usr/local/bin/python3
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/python3

我最近使用brew 安装python3 的尝试在pygobject 失败：

➜  ~ brew reinstall pygobject
==> Downloading https://download.gnome.org/sources/pygobject/2.28/pygobject-2.28.7.tar.xz
Already downloaded: /Users/stellios/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/229c52d9a07d25ee8cea203c1a0a6d567c422a034c9ff0a686a9f84e0fa0fd68--pygobject-2.28.7.tar.xz
==> Reinstalling pygobject 
Error: An exception occurred within a child process:
  FormulaUnavailableError: No available formula with the name "/usr/local/opt/pygobject/.brew/pygobject.rb".

【问题讨论】：

标签： python python-3.x macos

【解决方案1】：

我仍然不知道为什么所有 python3 版本和位置，但标准化 /usr/loca/bin 似乎可以解决我的问题。

# For virtualenvwrapper
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH                                            
export WORKON_HOME=${HOME}/.virtualenvs
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/local/bin/python3
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_VIRTUALENV=/usr/local/bin/virtualenv
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

【讨论】：