Python Xpath：lxml.etree.XPathEvalError：无效谓词

Question

我正在尝试学习如何抓取网页，在教程中我使用下面的代码抛出了这个错误：

lxml.etree.XPathEvalError: Invalid predicate

我正在查询的网站是（不要评判我，这是培训视频中使用的那个：/）：https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/candy-crush-saga/id553834731

导致错误的xpath字符串在这里：

links = tree.xpath('//div[@class="center-stack"//*/a[@class="name"]/@href')

我正在使用 LXML 和请求库。

如果您需要任何其他信息，我很乐意提供！

Answer 1

print(tree.xpath('//div[@class="center-stack"]//*/a[@class="name"]/@href'))

您在"center-stack" 之后缺少结束]。

您也可以只从div[@class="content"] 中提取a[@class="name"] 标签

 tree.xpath('//div[@class="content"]//a[@class="name"]/@href')

两者都会给你你想要的href：

In [19]: import  requests

In [20]: from lxml.html import fromstring


In [21]: r = requests.get("https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/candy-crush-saga/id553834731")

In [22]: tree = fromstring(r.content)

In [23]: a = tree.xpath('//div[@class="content"]//a[@class="name"]/@href')

In [24]: b =  tree.xpath('//div[@class="center-stack"]//*/a[@class="name"]/@href')

In [25]: print(a == b)
True

In [26]: print(a)
['https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/word-search-puzzles/id609067187?mt=8', 'https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/cookie-jam/id727296976?mt=8', 'https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/jewel-mania/id561326449?mt=8', 'https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/jelly-splash/id645949180?mt=8', 'https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/bubble-island/id531354582?mt=8']

In [27]: print(b)
['https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/word-search-puzzles/id609067187?mt=8', 'https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/cookie-jam/id727296976?mt=8', 'https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/jewel-mania/id561326449?mt=8', 'https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/jelly-splash/id645949180?mt=8', 'https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/bubble-island/id531354582?mt=8']