调试时未使用自动装配初始化 MapStruct 映射器

Question

我使用带有 mapstruct 的 spring boot 2.3.2。

在一个服务类中，我有一个具有自动装配注释的映射器。

@Service
public BillingService{

    private BillingRepository billingRepository;


    @Autowired
    private  BillingMapper billingMapper;   


    @Autowired
    public BillingService (BillingRepository billingRepository){
        this.billingRepository=billingRepository;
    }

    public void getBilling(Long billingId){
        ....
        billingMapper.convertTo(...);
    }

}


@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class BillingServiceTest{
    @Mock
    BillingRepository billingRepository;

    private BillingService bilingService;

    @Spy
    private BillingMapper billingMapper = Mappers.getMapper(BillingMapper.class);

    @BeforeEach
    public void setup(){
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        billingService = new BillingService();
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetBilling(){

        List<Billing> billings = new ArrayList<>();
        ...

        List<BillingPayload> payloads = new ArrayList<>();

        when(billingMapper.convertTo(billings)).thenReturn(payloads);     

        bilingService.getBilling(1l);  
    }

}

@Mapper(componentModel="spring")
public interface BillingMapper{
    ...
}

当我调试时卡在 BillingService 类的 getBilling 方法中，billingMapper 始终为空；

Answer 1

您正在使用非常奇怪的配置。首先，您有返回 BillingService 的方法，该方法未指定任何返回值，因此甚至无法编译。我建议以下方式：

@Service
public BillingService{

    private final BillingRepository billingRepository;
    private final BillingMapper billingMapper;

    // constructor with bean injection
    public BillingService(final BillingRepository billingRepository,
                          final BillingMapper billingMapper) {
        this.billingRepository = billingRepository;
        this.billingMapper = billingMapper;
    }

    public void getBilling(Long billingId){
        ....
        billingMapper.convertTo(...);
    }

}

然后你可以像下面这样配置你的测试：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class BillingServiceTest {

    @Spy private BillingMapper billingMapper = Mappers.getMapper(BillingMapper.class);
    @MockBean private BillingRepository billingRepository;
    @Autowired private BillingService billingService;

    @TestConfiguration
    static class BillingServiceTestContextConfiguration {
        @Bean public BillingService billingService() {
            return new BillingService(billingRepository, billingMapper);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetBilling(){
        List<Billing> billings = new ArrayList<>();
        ...
        List<BillingPayload> payloads = new ArrayList<>();
        when(billingRepository.findById(1L)).thenReturn(); // someResult
        when(billingMapper.convertTo(billings)).thenReturn(payloads);
        bilingService.getBilling(1l);  
    }
}

@Mapper(componentModel="spring")
public interface BillingMapper{
    ...
}

类似的配置应该可以工作。主要问题是您将@Autowired 与setter/constructor 注入混合在一起（不知道因为BillingService 中的奇怪方法。也不知道为什么在尝试模拟接口时使用@Spy 注释。@Spy用于模拟实际实例，而@Mock 用于模拟类类型。如果在您的应用程序中将BillingMapper 指定为Bean，我会坚持使用@MockBean private BillingMapper billingMapper。