【问题标题】：Trying to load a yaml file, iterate through the hash and execute some logic尝试加载 yaml 文件，遍历哈希并执行一些逻辑
【发布时间】：2015-04-03 02:14:58
【问题描述】：

尝试加载一个 yaml 文件，遍历哈希并执行一些逻辑。我正在使用 Watir-Webdriver/Ruby 来回答随机选择的问题，这些问题/答案是已知的并存储在 YAML 文件 (kba.yml) 中。

我正在使用 Ruby/页面对象/YAML 文件/Watir-Webdriver。

我的 YAML 文件 (kba.yml)：

1:
  question: "Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'."
  answer: "Google"

2:  
  question: "According to our records, you graduated from which of the following High Schools?"
  answer: "NONE OF THE ABOVE/DOES NOT APPLY"

3:  
  question: "I was born within a year or on the year of the date below."
  answer_1: "1942"
  answer_2: "1941"
  answer_3: "1943"

我在哪里加载我的 YAML 文件（在我的 env.rb 中）：

require 'yaml'
KBA = YAML.load_file('config/data/kba.yml')

我的代码从 yaml 文件中迭代哈希并执行一些逻辑：

循环第一个随机问题：

KBA.each do |key, value| 
  value.each do |question, answer|
    puts "blah question: #{question}"
      if (@browser.h2s[0].text.sub (/^\d.\s/), '') == question
        puts "Question matched and selected: #{question}"
        case answer
        when @browser.labels[0].text
          select_first_q_first_radio
          puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
        when @browser.labels[1].text
          select_first_q_second_radio
          puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
        when @browser.labels[2].text
          select_first_q_third_radio
          puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
        when @browser.labels[3].text
          select_first_q_fourth_radio
          puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
        when @browser.labels[4].text
          select_first_q_fifth_radio 
          puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
        else 
          puts "The answer is not present for this question!"
        end
      else
        puts "This question is not stored in the dataset: #{@browser.h2s[0].text}"
      end
    end
end

循环第二个随机问题：

KBA.each do |question, answer| 
    if (@browser.h2s[1].text.sub (/^\d.\s/), '') == question
      puts "Question matched and selected: #{question}"
      case answer
      when @browser.labels[0].text
        select_second_q_first_radio
        puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
      when @browser.labels[1].text
        select_second_q_second_radio
        puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
      when @browser.labels[2].text
        select_second_q_third_radio
        puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
      when @browser.labels[3].text
        select_second_q_fourth_radio
        puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
      when @browser.labels[4].text
        select_second_q_fifth_radio 
        puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
      else 
        puts "The answer is not present for this question!"
      end
    else
      puts "This question is not stored in the dataset: #{@browser.h2s[1].text}"
    end  
  end

循环第三个随机问题：

  KBA.each do |question, answer| 
      if (@browser.h2s[2].text.sub (/^\d.\s/), '') == question
        puts "Question matched and selected: #{question}"
        case answer
        when @browser.labels[0].text
          select_third_q_first_radio
          puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
        when @browser.labels[1].text
          select_third_q_second_radio
          puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
        when @browser.labels[2].text
          select_third_q_third_radio
          puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
        when @browser.labels[3].text
          select_third_q_fourth_radio
          puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
        when @browser.labels[4].text
          select_third_q_fifth_radio 
          puts "Answer matched and selected #{answer}"
        else 
          puts "The answer is not present for this question!"
        end
      else
        puts "This question is not stored in the dataset: #{@browser.h2s[2].text}"
      end 
    end
end

从输出看来，我的代码实际上并没有检查问题和答案的正确值，我该怎么做？

这是输出：

blah question: question
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: answer
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: question
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: answer
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: question
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: answer
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: question
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: answer
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: question
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: answer
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: question
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: answer
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: question
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: answer
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: question
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: answer_1
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: answer_2
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
blah question: answer_3
This question is not stored in the dataset: 1. Which of the following is a current or previous employer? If there is not a matched employer name, please select 'NONE OF THE ABOVE'.
This question is not stored in the dataset: 2. I was born within a year or on the year of the date below.
This question is not stored in the dataset: 2. I was born within a year or on the year of the date below.
This question is not stored in the dataset: 2. I was born within a year or on the year of the date below.
This question is not stored in the dataset: 2. I was born within a year or on the year of the date below.
This question is not stored in the dataset: 2. I was born within a year or on the year of the date below.
This question is not stored in the dataset: 2. I was born within a year or on the year of the date below.
This question is not stored in the dataset: 2. I was born within a year or on the year of the date below.
This question is not stored in the dataset: 2. I was born within a year or on the year of the date below.
This question is not stored in the dataset: 3. Which of the following represents the last four digits of your primary checking account number?
This question is not stored in the dataset: 3. Which of the following represents the last four digits of your primary checking account number?
This question is not stored in the dataset: 3. Which of the following represents the last four digits of your primary checking account number?
This question is not stored in the dataset: 3. Which of the following represents the last four digits of your primary checking account number?
This question is not stored in the dataset: 3. Which of the following represents the last four digits of your primary checking account number?
This question is not stored in the dataset: 3. Which of the following represents the last four digits of your primary checking account number?
This question is not stored in the dataset: 3. Which of the following represents the last four digits of your primary checking account number?
This question is not stored in the dataset: 3. Which of the following represents the last four digits of your primary checking account number?

更新：带有 3 个问题的页面的页面对象：

class LOA2KBAQuestions

  include PageObject
  include ErrorMessages
  include DataMagic

  h2(:question, :class => "question")

  #radio buttons for the answers for the first question
  radio_button(:first_q_first_radio, :id => "answers_question_0_1")
  radio_button(:first_q_second_radio, :id => "answers_question_0_2")
  radio_button(:first_q_third_radio, :id => "answers_question_0_3")
  radio_button(:first_q_fourth_radio, :id => "answers_question_0_4")
  radio_button(:first_q_fifth_radio, :id => "answers_question_0_5")

  #radio buttons for the answers for the second question
  radio_button(:second_q_first_radio, :id => "answers_question_1_1")
  radio_button(:second_q_second_radio, :id => "answers_question_1_2")
  radio_button(:second_q_third_radio, :id => "answers_question_1_3")
  radio_button(:second_q_fourth_radio, :id => "answers_question_1_4")
  radio_button(:second_q_fifth_radio, :id => "answers_question_1_5")

  #radio buttons for the answers for the third question
  radio_button(:third_q_first_radio, :id => "answers_question_2_1")
  radio_button(:third_q_second_radio, :id => "answers_question_2_2")
  radio_button(:third_q_third_radio, :id => "answers_question_2_3")
  radio_button(:third_q_fourth_radio, :id => "answers_question_2_4")
  radio_button(:third_q_fifth_radio, :id => "answers_question_2_5")

  button(:submit, :text => "Submit Answers")
end

我还访问了这样的实际问题（它们都在 h2 标签中，我使用正则表达式删除问题前的 #。我通过在 h2 标签后添加 [x] 来访问问题）：

@browser.h2s[0].text.sub (/^\d.\s/), ''

所以我最终没有将声明的页面对象用于 h2 标记，因为我不确定如何使用它来访问 3 个问题。

更新 - 3 个问题页面的示例 HTML：

  <div class="question">

    <h2>


        1.
        Which of the following is a current or previou…

    </h2>
    <div class="answers">
        <p>
            <label>
                <input id="answers_question_0_1" type="radio" value="1" name="answers[question_0]" checked="checked"></input>


                RITEWAY

            </label>
        </p>
        <p>
            <label>
                <input id="answers_question_0_2" type="radio" value="2" name="answers[question_0]"></input>


                NEW ALTERNATIVES

            </label>
        </p>
        <p></p>
        <p></p>
        <p></p>
    </div>

</div>
<div class="question">

    <h2>


        2.
        I was born within a year or on the year of the…

    </h2>
    <div class="answers">
        <p>
            <label>
                <input id="answers_question_1_1" type="radio" value="1" name="answers[question_1]" checked="checked"></input>


                1936

            </label>
        </p>
        <p>
            <label>
                <input id="answers_question_1_2" type="radio" value="2" name="answers[question_1]"></input>


                1939

            </label>
        </p>
        <p>
            <label>
                <input id="answers_question_1_3" type="radio" value="3" name="answers[question_1]"></input>


                1942

            </label>
        </p>
        <p></p>
        <p></p>
    </div>

</div>

【问题讨论】：

如果您能解释您的代码试图实现的逻辑，这可能会有所帮助。例如，不清楚第一个、第二个和第三个问题的循环之间需要有什么区别。最终，我认为您正在寻找如何从哈希中获取特定值。例如，第一个循环中的question 将是一个哈希键——即“问题”。如果你想要真正的问题，它应该是value['question']。
应用程序中生成了 3 个随机问题，我有一个数据 yaml 文件 (kba.yml)，其中包含这些随机潜在问题和答案。所以我对每个问题都有一个循环（因此有 3 个循环）。每个循环都会将随机生成的问题与我的 yaml 文件进行比较。
我明白了。循环似乎是一种更复杂的方法。得到问题然后在 YAML 文件中查找具体答案不是更容易吗？无论哪种方式，您能否提供页面（即 3 个问题的 HTML）？
是的，这可能是一种更好的方法，对这种方法的任何见解都会很棒！ :) 我将使用包含 3 个问题的页面的页面对象更新问题。感谢您的帮助贾斯汀！
你能提供HTML吗？我很难看到检查标签当前是如何工作的，以及第三个问题有 3 个答案意味着什么。拥有 HTML 将更容易查看其他方法是否可行。

标签： ruby selenium-webdriver watir-webdriver page-object-gem pageobjects

【解决方案1】：

问题在于 YAML 文件的循环方式。例如，在：

KBA.each do |key, value|
  value.each do |question, answer|
  end
end

value 是一个散列，所以question 和answer 不是预期值。它们实际上是键/值对。应该是：

KBA.each do |key, value|
  question = value['question']
  answer = value['answer']
end

我不会尝试对 YAML 文件中的每个问题/答案进行交互，而是查找特定的问题和答案。在以下页面对象中，answer_questions 将：

根据 h2 元素确定问题的内容。
查看 YAML 文件以找到问题的所有有效答案。
查找并选择与其中一个有效答案匹配的单选按钮。

示例页面对象：

class MyPage
  include PageObject

  divs(:question, :class => 'question')

  def answer_questions
    question_elements.each do |question|
      # Determine what the question is
      question_text = question.h2_element.text.sub(/^\d.\s/, '')

      # Get the valid answers for the question
      question_data = KBA.find { |_, value| value['question'] == question_text }
      unless question_data
        puts "Question not found: #{question_text}"
        next
      end
      valid_answers = question_data[1].select { |k, _| k =~ /answer/ }.values

      # Set the radio buttons if they match one of the answers
      answer = question.radio_button_elements.find do |radio|
        label = radio.parent.text
        valid_answers.include?(label)
      end
      unless answer
        puts "Unable to answer question: #{question_text}"
        next
      end
      answer.select
    end
  end
end

【讨论】：

谢谢贾斯汀，您的解决方案是否考虑到所有 3 个问题的答案可能是相同的答案：“以上都不是/不适用”和出生日期/年份问题？跨度>
valid_answers 数组用于解释出生日期/年份问题（或任何具有多个可能答案的问题）。单选按钮的定位仅限于特定的问题 div，因此它应该处理具有相同答案的多个问题。
是的，末尾的select 用于选择单选按钮。 question.radio_button_elements.find 返回一个单选按钮元素，然后调用 select 方法。
KBA.find 将返回一个类似于[1, {"question" => "the question", "answer" => "the answer"}] 的数组。所以需要[1] 来获取第二个元素中的哈希值。
重构代码以输出未知或无法回答的问题。找到问题后，该方法将转到下一个问题。