Heroku 上的 RSpec“迁移待定”

Question

在运行 Rails 4.2、Ruby 2.2.0 和 Rspec 3.2 时，我在运行 Rspec 时收到此错误：

rake aborted!
PG::ConnectionBad: FATAL:  permission denied for database "postgres"
DETAIL:  User does not have CONNECT privilege.
-e:1:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => db:test:load => db:test:purge
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
/Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:393:in `check_pending!':  (ActiveRecord::PendingMigrationError)

Migrations are pending. To resolve this issue, run:

    bin/rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=test

    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:406:in `load_schema_if_pending!'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:412:in `block in maintain_test_schema!'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:640:in `suppress_messages'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:417:in `method_missing'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/migration.rb:412:in `maintain_test_schema!'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/Dropbox/Vocabulist/vocabulist/spec/rails_helper.rb:18:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:1181:in `require'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:1181:in `block in requires='
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:1181:in `each'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:1181:in `requires='
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration_options.rb:110:in `block in process_options_into'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration_options.rb:109:in `each'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration_options.rb:109:in `process_options_into'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration_options.rb:22:in `configure'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:96:in `setup'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:85:in `run'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:70:in `run'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:38:in `invoke'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rspec-core-3.2.0/exe/rspec:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/gemsets/vocabulist/bin/rspec:23:in `load'
    from /Users/ahanmalhotra/.rbenv/versions/2.2.0/gemsets/vocabulist/bin/rspec:23:in `<main>'

我的测试数据库在 Heroku 上，我认为 RSpec 正在尝试删除测试数据库并重新创建它。这在 Heroku 上是不允许的，所以这就是出现 permission denied 错误的原因。如果您配置一个全新的数据库并首次运行 RSpec，则不会出现此错误；第一次发生错误后。关于修复的任何想法？

谢谢！

Answer 1

绝对没有理由将 Heroku db 用于测试目的，因为测试数据库每次都会在测试套装开始之前重新创建。你应该使用本地机器进行运行测试，或者如果测试套件太大而你的开发机器速度很慢，请使用 Travis、Semaphore、Circle CI、Snap CI、Codeship 等 CI 服务。