由于“无法检测到 rake 任务”，无法将 rails6 应用程序部署到 heroku

Question

我想做什么以及发生了什么

我在本地制作了一个 Rails 应用程序。我想将它部署到heroku。

我试过了：

$ git push heroku master

但我收到如下错误消息：

remote: -----> Detecting rake tasks
remote:
remote:  !
remote:  !     Could not detect rake tasks
remote:  !     ensure you can run `$ bundle exec rake -P` against your app
remote:  !     and using the production group of your Gemfile.
remote:  !     /tmp/build_646360fd/vendor/ruby-2.7.2/lib/ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/dependency.rb:311:in `to_specs': Could not find 'spring' (= 2.1.1) among 111 total gem(s) (Gem::MissingSpecError)
remote:  !     Checked in 'GEM_PATH=/tmp/build_646360fd/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.7.0', execute `gem env` for more information
remote:  !     from /tmp/build_646360fd/vendor/ruby-2.7.2/lib/ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/dependency.rb:323:in `to_spec'
remote:  !     from /tmp/build_646360fd/vendor/ruby-2.7.2/lib/ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_gem.rb:62:in `gem'
remote:  !     from /tmp/build_646360fd/bin/spring:14:in `<top (required)>'
remote:  !     from /tmp/build_646360fd/bin/rake:2:in `load'
remote:  !     from /tmp/build_646360fd/bin/rake:2:in `<main>'
remote:  !

我试图解决的问题

首先，我只是按照消息指示尝试了$ bundle exec rake -P。

我得到了这么长的输出：

rake about
    environment
rake action_mailbox:ingress:environment
rake action_mailbox:ingress:exim
    action_mailbox:ingress:environment
rake action_mailbox:ingress:postfix
    action_mailbox:ingress:environment
rake action_mailbox:ingress:qmail
    action_mailbox:ingress:environment
rake action_mailbox:install
rake action_mailbox:install:migrations
rake action_text:install
rake action_text:install:migrations
rake active_storage:install
    environment
rake active_storage:install:migrations
rake active_storage:update
    environment
rake app:binstub:yarn
rake app:template
    environment
rake app:templates:copy
rake app:update
    update:configs
    update:bin
    update:active_storage
    update:upgrade_guide_info
rake app:update:active_storage
rake app:update:bin
rake app:update:configs
rake app:update:upgrade_guide_info
rake assets:clean
    environment
rake assets:clobber
    environment
rake assets:environment
rake assets:precompile
    environment
    yarn:install
rake cache_digests:dependencies
    environment
rake cache_digests:nested_dependencies
    environment
rake db:_dump
rake db:abort_if_pending_migrations
    load_config
rake db:charset
    load_config
rake db:check_protected_environments
    load_config
rake db:collation
    load_config
rake db:create
    load_config
rake db:create:all
    load_config
rake db:drop
    load_config
    check_protected_environments
rake db:drop:_unsafe
    load_config
rake db:drop:all
    load_config
    check_protected_environments
rake db:environment:set
    load_config
rake db:fixtures:identify
    load_config
rake db:fixtures:load
    load_config
rake db:forward
    load_config
rake db:load_config
    environment
rake db:migrate
    load_config
rake db:migrate:down
    load_config
rake db:migrate:redo
    load_config
rake db:migrate:reset
    db:drop
    db:create
    db:migrate
rake db:migrate:status
    load_config
rake db:migrate:up
    load_config
rake db:prepare
    load_config
rake db:purge
    load_config
    check_protected_environments
rake db:purge:all
    load_config
    check_protected_environments
rake db:reset
    db:drop
    db:setup
rake db:rollback
    load_config
rake db:schema:cache:clear
    load_config
rake db:schema:cache:dump
    load_config
rake db:schema:dump
    load_config
rake db:schema:load
    load_config
    check_protected_environments
rake db:schema:load_if_ruby
    db:create
    environment
rake db:seed
    load_config
rake db:seed:replant
    load_config
    truncate_all
    seed
rake db:setup
    db:create
    environment
    db:schema:load
    seed
rake db:structure:dump
    load_config
rake db:structure:load
    load_config
    check_protected_environments
rake db:structure:load_if_sql
    db:create
    environment
rake db:test:load
    db:test:purge
rake db:test:load_schema
    db:test:purge
rake db:test:load_structure
    db:test:purge
rake db:test:prepare
    load_config
rake db:test:purge
    load_config
    check_protected_environments
rake db:truncate_all
    load_config
    check_protected_environments
rake db:version
    load_config
rake default
    spec
rake environment
rake log:clear
rake middleware
    environment
rake railties:install:migrations
    db:load_config
rake restart
rake secret
rake spec
    spec:prepare
rake spec:models
    spec:prepare
rake spec:prepare
rake spec:requests
    spec:prepare
rake spec:statsetup
rake stats
    spec:statsetup
rake test
rake test:all
    test:prepare
rake test:channels
    test:prepare
rake test:controllers
    test:prepare
rake test:db
    db:test:prepare
    test
rake test:functionals
    test:prepare
rake test:generators
    test:prepare
rake test:helpers
    test:prepare
rake test:integration
    test:prepare
rake test:jobs
    test:prepare
rake test:mailboxes
    test:prepare
rake test:mailers
    test:prepare
rake test:models
    test:prepare
rake test:prepare
rake test:run
    test
rake test:system
    test:prepare
rake test:units
    test:prepare
rake time:zones
rake time:zones:all
rake time:zones:local
rake time:zones:us
rake tmp
rake tmp/cache
rake tmp/cache/assets
rake tmp/pids
rake tmp/sockets
rake tmp:cache:clear
rake tmp:clear
    tmp:cache:clear
    tmp:sockets:clear
    tmp:screenshots:clear
rake tmp:create
    tmp/cache
    tmp/sockets
    tmp/pids
    tmp/cache/assets
rake tmp:pids:clear
rake tmp:screenshots:clear
rake tmp:sockets:clear
rake webdrivers:chromedriver:remove
rake webdrivers:chromedriver:update
rake webdrivers:chromedriver:version
rake webdrivers:edgedriver:remove
rake webdrivers:edgedriver:update
rake webdrivers:edgedriver:version
rake webdrivers:geckodriver:remove
rake webdrivers:geckodriver:update
rake webdrivers:geckodriver:version
rake webdrivers:iedriver:remove
rake webdrivers:iedriver:update
rake webdrivers:iedriver:version
rake webpacker
rake webpacker:binstubs
    check_node
    check_yarn
rake webpacker:check_binstubs
rake webpacker:check_node
rake webpacker:check_yarn
rake webpacker:clean
    webpacker:verify_install
    environment
rake webpacker:clobber
    webpacker:verify_install
    environment
rake webpacker:compile
    webpacker:verify_install
    environment
rake webpacker:info
rake webpacker:install
    check_node
    check_yarn
rake webpacker:install:angular
    webpacker:verify_install
rake webpacker:install:coffee
    webpacker:verify_install
rake webpacker:install:elm
    webpacker:verify_install
rake webpacker:install:erb
    webpacker:verify_install
rake webpacker:install:react
    webpacker:verify_install
rake webpacker:install:stimulus
    webpacker:verify_install
rake webpacker:install:svelte
    webpacker:verify_install
rake webpacker:install:typescript
    webpacker:verify_install
rake webpacker:install:vue
    webpacker:verify_install
rake webpacker:verify_install
    check_node
    check_yarn
    check_binstubs
rake webpacker:yarn_install
rake yarn:install
rake zeitwerk:check
    environment

Gemfile 是这样的：

source 'https://rubygems.org'
git_source(:github) { |repo| "https://github.com/#{repo}.git" }

ruby '2.7.2'

gem 'rails', '~> 6.1.0'
gem 'puma', '~> 5.0'
gem 'sass-rails', '>= 6'
gem 'webpacker', '~> 5.0'
gem 'turbolinks', '~> 5'
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.7'
gem 'bootsnap', '>= 1.4.4', require: false
gem 'devise'

group :development, :test do
  gem 'sqlite3', '~> 1.4'
  gem 'byebug', platforms: [:mri, :mingw, :x64_mingw]
  gem 'rspec-rails'
  gem 'factory_bot_rails'
end

group :development do
  gem 'web-console', '>= 4.1.0'
  gem 'rack-mini-profiler', '~> 2.0'
  gem 'listen', '~> 3.3'
  gem 'spring'
  gem 'spring-commands-rspec'
end

group :test do
  gem 'capybara', '>= 3.26'
  gem 'selenium-webdriver'
  gem 'webdrivers'
end

group :production do
  gem 'pg'
end

我修改了在config/environments/production.rb 中编译的资产配置

database.yml 在这里：

default: &default
  adapter: sqlite3
  pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
  timeout: 5000

development:
  << *default
  database: db/development.sqlite3

test:
  << *default
  database: db/test.sqlite3

production:
  << *default
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  pool: 5

我已经创建了 heroku 应用并添加了 git remote。 我做了捆绑安装并推送到heroku。

$ bundle install --without production
$ git add .
$ git commit -m "ready for deploying"
$ git push heroku master

然后我得到了那个错误。

我还尝试使用相同的 ruby​​、bundler 和 rails 版本创建新的 rails 应用程序。并修改了相同的东西。然后，它运行良好。

对不起，我的英语不好。请帮我。 如果您需要，我会添加一些代码。 谢谢。

环境

• ruby 2.7.2p137 (rbenv)
• 导轨 6.1.0
• 捆绑器 2.1.4

Answer 1

我今天遇到了同样的问题。我所做的只是将spring gem 从development 组移动到我的Gemfile 中的“主”组。

之前的 Gemfile：

ruby '2.7.2'

group :development do
  gem 'spring'
end

之前的 Gemfile：

ruby '2.7.2'

gem 'spring'

我希望它也对你有用。

Answer 2

不知道为什么会出现这个错误，但是如果你在加载 spring 时在 bin/rake 和 bin/rails 中添加一个 begin rescue 块，heroku 会接受它。

# bin/rake  bin/rails and bin/rspec 
begin
  load File.expand_path('../spring', __FILE__)
rescue LoadError => e
  raise unless e.message.include?('spring')
end