【发布时间】:2023-03-30 15:53:01
【问题描述】:
我的问题对我来说似乎很基本,以至于我有点不好意思自己没有解决它。尽管咨询了 this、this 和 that,但我不知道如何在不使用 for 循环的情况下根据 1D numpy 数组中的值更改 2D numpy 数组中的某些值。
具有所需结果的示例是:
import numpy as np
# sample data:
a = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
b = np.array([2, 0, 2])
c = np.array([[10, 20, 30], [40, 50, 60], [70, 80, 90]])
# for-loop solution:
for i in range(len(a)):
a[i][b[i]] = 0.9 * c[i][b[i]]
# desired result:
print(a)
# [[ 1 2 27]
# [36 5 6]
# [ 7 8 81]]
编辑 1
在对 Rafael 的答案进行修改后,我现在可以在没有 for 循环的情况下获得所需的结果。然而,令我惊讶的是,索引解决方案比 for 循环慢。
import numpy as np
import time
# set seed for reproducibility:
np.random.seed(1)
x = np.random.randint(10, size=(10, 10))
y = np.random.randint(10, size=10)
z = np.random.randint(10, size=(10, 10))
# for-loop solution:
start1 = time.clock()
for i in range(len(x)):
x[i][y[i]] = 2 * z[i][y[i]]
end1 = time.clock()
print("time loop: " + str(end1 - start1))
# time loop: 0.00045699999999726515
print("result for-loop:")
print(x)
# result for-loop:
# [[ 5 8 9 5 0 0 1 7 6 4]
# [12 4 5 2 4 2 4 7 7 9]
# [ 1 7 2 6 9 9 7 6 9 1]
# [ 2 1 8 8 3 9 8 7 3 6]
# [ 5 1 9 3 4 8 1 16 0 3]
# [ 9 14 0 4 9 2 7 7 9 8]
# [ 6 9 3 7 7 4 5 0 3 6]
# [ 8 0 2 7 7 9 7 3 0 16]
# [ 7 7 1 1 3 0 8 6 16 5]
# [ 6 2 5 7 14 4 4 7 7 4]]
# set seed for reproducibility:
np.random.seed(1)
x = np.random.randint(10, size=(10, 10))
y = np.random.randint(10, size=10)
z = np.random.randint(10, size=(10, 10))
# indexing solution:
start2 = time.clock()
r = x.shape[0]
x[range(r), y] = z[range(r), y] * 2
end2 = time.clock()
print("time indexing: " + str(end2 - start2))
# time indexing: 0.0005479999999948859
print("result indexing:")
print(x)
# result indexing:
# [[ 5 8 9 5 0 0 1 7 6 4]
# [12 4 5 2 4 2 4 7 7 9]
# [ 1 7 2 6 9 9 7 6 9 1]
# [ 2 1 8 8 3 9 8 7 3 6]
# [ 5 1 9 3 4 8 1 16 0 3]
# [ 9 14 0 4 9 2 7 7 9 8]
# [ 6 9 3 7 7 4 5 0 3 6]
# [ 8 0 2 7 7 9 7 3 0 16]
# [ 7 7 1 1 3 0 8 6 16 5]
# [ 6 2 5 7 14 4 4 7 7 4]]
这是什么原因造成的?还有,我怎样才能实现加速?
【问题讨论】:
标签: python arrays numpy for-loop