selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException：消息：“chromedriver”可执行文件需要在无头 Chrome 的 PATH 错误中

Question

当我运行我的脚本时，我得到了这个错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\ishaq\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 74, in start
    stdout=self.log_file, stderr=self.log_file)
  File "C:\Users\ishaq\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\subprocess.py", line 707, in __init__
    restore_signals, start_new_session)
  File "C:\Users\ishaq\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\subprocess.py", line 992, in _execute_child
    startupinfo)
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/ishaq/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python36/headless.py", line 9, in <module>
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=os.path.abspath("chromedriver"),   chrome_options=chrome_options)
  File "C:\Users\ishaq\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\chrome\webdriver.py", line 62, in __init__
    self.service.start()
  File "C:\Users\ishaq\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 81, in start
    os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'chromedriver' executable needs to be in PATH. Please see https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/home

这是我的脚本

import os  
from selenium import webdriver  
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys  
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options 

chrome_options = Options()  
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")  
chrome_options.binary_location = 
r'C:\Users\ishaq\Desktop\chrome\chromedriver.exe'    
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=os.path.abspath("chromedriver"),   
chrome_options=chrome_options)  
driver.get("http://www.duo.com") 

magnifying_glass = driver.find_element_by_id("js-open-icon")  
if magnifying_glass.is_displayed():  
  magnifying_glass.click()  
else:  
  menu_button = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(".menu-trigger.local")  
  menu_button.click() 

search_field = driver.find_element_by_id("site-search")  
search_field.clear()  
search_field.send_keys("Olabode")  
search_field.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)  
assert "Looking Back at Android Security in 2016" in driver.page_source
driver.close()

Answer 1

如果我们分析日志，似乎主要问题在于 start os.path.basename(self.path) 和随后的错误消息 selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'chromedriver' executable needs to be in PATH。

因此，从错误中可以清楚地看出 Python 客户端无法找到 chromedriver 二进制文件。

您必须注意以下几点：

1. chrome_options.binary_location ：该参数配置 chrome.exe 而不是 chromedriver.exe
2. os.path.abspath("chromedriver") 会选择 chromedriver 的文件路径，但不会在末尾附加 chromedriver.exe。

3. 这是我的Windows 8系统上的示例代码，用于在Headless Mode中启动Chrome：

   from selenium import webdriver  
   from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options 
   
   chrome_options = Options()  
   chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")  
   driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options, executable_path=r'C:\Utility\BrowserDrivers\chromedriver.exe')  
   driver.get("http://www.duo.com") 
   print("Chrome Browser Initialized in Headless Mode")
   driver.quit()
   print("Driver Exited")