如何使用正则表达式提取此字符串的坐标的 3 个数值，无论它们是正数值坐标还是负数值坐标

Question

import asyncio
import re
import time
from datetime import datetime

detection_timer = 0
detection_timer_increment = 5
detection_timer_change = 10

x, y , z = None, None, None
x_aux, y_aux, z_aux = 0, 0, 0

def get_coords(input_coords):
    input_coords = input_coords.replace("@","0") #convierte todos los posibles caracteres @ en caracteres 0
    m = re.match(r".*:\s*([0-9.]*?)\s*,\s*([0-9.]*?)\s*,\s*([0-9.]*?)$", input_coords) #No agarra los numeros negativos
    if m:
        return m.groups()

async def timer():
    global x, y, z, x_aux, y_aux, z_aux
    global input_coords
    global detection_timer, detection_timer_change

    detection_timer += detection_timer_increment

    #Debe entrar a este if cara cierto tiempo
    if(detection_timer >= detection_timer_change):
        detection_timer = 0 #resetea contador
        
        #detect_color()

        r = get_coords(input_coords)

        if r:
            x_aux = x = float(r[0]) if r[0] else x
            y_aux = y = float(r[1]) if r[1] else y
            z_aux = z = float(r[2]) if r[2] else z

        return x_aux, y_aux, z_aux

while True:
    #Some examples of possible inputs
    #input_coords = "Coordenadas: @, 63, -5|hhhf♀"
    #input_coords = "Coordenadas: @, 63.5, -5.695|hhhf♀"
    #input_coords = "Coordenadas: @, hhkjkm♀-63ss, -5|hhhf♀"
    #input_coords = "Coordenadas: -8, 63, -5 \n♀"
    input_coords = "Coordenadas: @, 63, -5"
    x_aux, y_aux, z_aux = asyncio.run(timer())

    if(x_aux != None and y_aux != None and z_aux != None):
        print(x_aux)
        print(y_aux)
        print(z_aux)

虽然代码运行不好，但万一它们是负坐标或者字符串末尾有更多值。 我应该如何更正这个正则表达式，以便它可以捕获我在代码中输入的示例值？

“坐标：@, 63, -5|hhhf♀” ----> 这应该提取 0,63,-5

“坐标：@, 63.5, -5.695|hhhf♀” ----> 这应该提取 0,63.5,-5.695

“坐标：@, hhkjkm♀-63ss, -5|hhhf♀” ----> 这应该提取 0, -63, -5

"Coordenadas: -8, 63, -5 \n♀" ----> 这应该提取 -8,63,-5

"Coordenadas: @, 63, -5" ----> 这应该提取 0,63,-5

Answer 1

如果您的值少于 3 个，您可以通过在左侧找到数字并用零填充来实现这一点：

s = "Coordenadas: @, hhkjkm♀-63ss, -5|hhhf♀"

import re
l = re.findall('-?\d+', s)
out = [0]*(3-len(l))+list(map(int, l)

输出：[0, -63, -5]

注意。如果您需要十进制值，请使用 '-?\d+(?:\.\d*)?' 和 float

Answer 2

如果您想在 3 个捕获组中捕获所有 3 个值（您的代码将 @ 替换为 0），您可以：

• 省略锚点$ 以断言字符串的结尾
• 匹配一个可选的-
• 请注意，并非所有示例中的逗号后面都有一个数字，如@9​​87654325@

模式可能如下所示：

^[^:]*:\s*(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?),\D*?(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)\D*?(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)

Regex demo

import re

def get_coords(input_coords):
    input_coords = input_coords.replace("@", "0")
    m = re.match(r"^[^:]*:\s*(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?),\D*?(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)\D*?(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)", input_coords)
    if m:
        return m.groups()


strings = [
    "Coordenadas: @, 63, -5|hhhf♀",
    "Coordenadas: @, 63.5, -5.695|hhhf♀",
    "Coordenadas: @, hhkjkm♀-63ss, -5|hhhf♀",
    "Coordenadas: -8, 63, -5 \n♀",
    "Coordenadas: @, 63, -5"
]
for s in strings:
    print(get_coords(s))

输出

('0', '63', '-5')
('0', '63.5', '-5.695')
('0', '-63', '-5')
('-8', '63', '-5')
('0', '63', '-5')

Answer 3

通过您展示的样本，从 Thefourthbird 的回答中汲取灵感；请尝试以下正则表达式。

^".*?:\s*(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?),\D*?(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?).*?(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)

Online demo for above regex

说明：为上述添加详细说明。

^".*?:\s*           ##Matching from starting of value " followed by lazy match to match till 1st occurrence of : followed by 0 or more occurrences of spaces.
(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)   ##Creating 1st capturing group which has optional - as a match followed by 1 or more digits followed by optional .digits(to catch floating numbers).
,\D*?               ##Matching non-digits 0 or more occurrences of it.
(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)   ##Creating 2nd capturing group which has - as optional match followed by by 1 or more digits followed by optional .digits(to catch floating numbers).
.*?                 ##Mentioning lazy match here.
(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)   ##Creating 3rd capturing group which matches optional - here, 1 or more digits followed by optional .digits(to catch floating numbers).