如何在 Unix 中替换撇号字符

Question

我的文件包含一个撇号 (’)。如果文件在 Windows 中打开，我可以看到这个字符，但如果文件在 Unix 中打开，我看不到它。但我需要在删除该字符后使用该文件一次。

我不能使用 windows 手动删除字符。我的服务器是 Unix，所以我需要在那时删除该字符。我尝试了以下方法，但没有成功。

cat HAllResponses_11004*.txt| sed 's/’/'/g;'>HAllResponses_11004_1.txt

1. 如果该字符未出现，如何识别该字符。
2. 如果该字符不出现，如何替换该字符。

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您的 3 个答案并没有帮助我解决问题。 当我使用十六进制值时，它给出如下。

$ echo -e "编译\xe2\x80\x99 我的程序"

编译我的程序

问题是当我在 unix 中粘贴撇号时，它显示为“。”

请帮帮我

Answer 1

您可以使用以下内容来查找-替换' 使用sed（注意您需要转义特殊字符）

$ cat a.txt
This line don't have a '
This is test

$ sed s/\'//g a.txt
This line dont have a
This is test

$ sed s/\'/\"/g a.txt
This line don"t have a "
This is test

如果要就地编辑文件，可以使用如下语法（注意a.txt的内容在执行命令后会被修改）

$ sed -i s/\'/\"/g a.txt

Answer 2

’ 字符与 ' 字符不同。要更清楚地看到这一点，请检查它们的十六进制值：

echo -n ’ | hexdump -C
00000000  e2 80 99                                          |...|
00000003
echo -n \' | hexdump -C
00000000  27                                                |'|
00000001

现在’ 可以在使用sed 或类似工具在序列中替换它时通过其十六进制值来识别：

echo -e "compilin\xe2\x80\x99 my program"
compilin’ my program
echo -e "compilin\xe2\x80\x99 my program" | sed "s|\xe2\x80\x99|'|"
compilin' my program

仅当撇号出现在文本中时，它才会替换它。在您的情况下，只需将文件名作为第二个参数传递给 sed 即可：

sed -i "s|\xe2\x80\x99|'|" HAllResponses_11004_1.txt

或者只是：

sed -i "s|’|'|" HAllResponses_11004_1.txt

Answer 3

您可以使用 cat -vet 查看 unix 中的控制字符，然后使用 sed 替换这些字符。在下面的示例中， cat -vet 将 (') 显示为 (M-^R)，可以使用 sed 轻松替换。

原始文件：

My file contains an apostrophe (’). I am able to see this character if the file opens in Windows but not able to see it if the file opens in Unix. But I need to use that file once after removing that character.
I can't use windows to remove the character manually. My servers are Unix so I need to remove the character at that point. I have tried the following but it didn't work.

在 Unix 中用 cat -vet 显示的控制字符：

/home/temp_files > cat -vet SO.txt
My file contains an apostrophe (M-^R). I am able to see this character if the file opens in Windows but not able to see it if the file opens in Unix. But I need to use that file once after removing that character.$
I can't use windows to remove the character manually. My servers are Unix so I need to remove the character at that point. I have tried the following but it didn't work.$

替换为 sed：

/home/temp_files > cat -vet SO.txt  | sed 's/M-^R//g'
My file contains an apostrophe (). I am able to see this character if the file opens in Windows but not able to see it if the file opens in Unix. But I need to use that file once after removing that character.$
I can't use windows to remove the character manually. My servers are Unix so I need to remove the character at that point. I have tried the following but it didn't work.$