Sed（OS X）用其他文本块替换包含给定字符串的文本块答案

【问题标题】：Sed (OS X) replace block of text containing given string with other block of textSed（OS X）用其他文本块替换包含给定字符串的文本块
【发布时间】：2020-12-15 08:11:50
【问题描述】：

我想用其他文件替换所有包含 Test.bundle 的行（这些行被分组在一个块中）

来自

<ItemGroup>
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\some_other_file.json" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\one.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\two.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\three.png" />
</ItemGroup>

到

<ItemGroup>
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\some_other_file.json" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\four.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\five.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\six.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\seven.png" />
</ItemGroup>

我做了什么

res=$(find Resources/Test.bundle -type f | sed 's/\\/\//g' | xargs -I {} echo "<BundleResource Include=\"{}\" />") #get new files, change path delimiters, wrap file names in output pattern
sed -E -i '' '/Test\.bundle/,/ItemGroup/c\
BUNDLE_PLACEHOLDER' file.ext #remove whole block from first line containing Test.bundle to closing ItemGroup and replace with placeholder
sed -E -i '' "s:BUNDLE_PLACEHOLDER:$res:" file.ext #replace with new block

由于"extra characters after \ at the end of c command"，我无法在第三个命令中一次性更改它，因此我将其更改为我试图在下一个命令中替换的字符串占位符。由于我目前正在尝试解决的unescaped newline inside substitute pattern，这也失败了。还缺少关闭 ItemGroup 标记，稍后将添加。

还有其他使用 sed 的选项吗？

我可以只捕获包含 Test.bundle 的组而不捕获关闭的 ItemGroup 吗？

如何转义换行符以满足替换模式？

【问题讨论】：

标签： regex bash macos sed

【解决方案1】：

首先，sed 并不是您最好的选择，但因为您要求sed...
这是粗略的第一遍。

$: cat new
<ItemGroup>
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\some_other_file.json" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\four.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\five.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\six.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\seven.png" />
</ItemGroup>

$: cat old
stuff before

...

more stuff

<ItemGroup>
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\some_other_file.json" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\one.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\two.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\three.png" />
</ItemGroup>

stuff after

...

more stuff.

$: sed -n '/<ItemGroup>/,/<[/]ItemGroup>/{ /<ItemGroup>/h;
     /<[/]ItemGroup>/{ H; s/^.*//; x; /Test[.]bundle/{ s/^.*/cat new/e; }; p; d; }
     H; d; }; p; ' old
stuff before

...

more stuff

<ItemGroup>
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\some_other_file.json" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\four.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\five.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\six.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\seven.png" />
</ItemGroup>

stuff after

...

more stuff.

这显然对您的文件结构做了一些简单的假设。

awk中的逻辑相同：

awk 'NR == FNR { new=new$0"\n"; next; }
  /<ItemGroup>/,/<[/]ItemGroup>/{ grp=grp$0"\n";
    if ($0 ~ "</ItemGroup>") { if (grp ~ "Test.bundle") { print new } else { print grp } grp="" } else next;
  } 1' new old

【讨论】：

感谢您的宝贵时间。不幸的是，OS X sed 似乎与 e 参数不兼容，并在替代命令中抛出错误标志：'e'
你试过awk吗？

【解决方案2】：

不清楚你真正想要匹配的是什么，但这可能是你想要的：

awk '
NR==FNR {
    new = new $0 ORS
    next
}
/Test\.bundle/ {
    printf "%s", new
    new = ""
    next
}
{ print }
' new old

例如：

$ cat old
<ItemGroup>
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\some_other_file.json" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\one.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\two.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\three.png" />
</ItemGroup>

$ cat new
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\four.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\five.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\six.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\seven.png" />

$ awk '
NR==FNR {
    new = new $0 ORS
    next
}
/Test\.bundle/ {
    printf "%s", new
    new = ""
    next
}
{ print }
' new old
<ItemGroup>
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\some_other_file.json" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\four.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\five.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\six.png" />
  <BundleResource Include="Resources\Test.bundle\seven.png" />
</ItemGroup>

【讨论】：