C++ 奇怪的套接字数据

Question

大家好，这是我的代码。

int main() { 

    char buffer[BUFSIZE]; 

    // define our address structure, stores our port
    // and our ip address, and the socket type, etc.. 
    struct sockaddr_in addrinfo; 
    addrinfo.sin_family = AF_INET; 
    addrinfo.sin_port = htons(PORT); 
    addrinfo.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; 


    // create our socket. 
    int sock; 
    if ( (sock = socket(addrinfo.sin_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0))  < 0) { 
        cout << "Error in creating the socket."; 
    } 

    // bind our socket to the actual adress we want 
    if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&addrinfo, sizeof(addrinfo)) != 0) { 
        cout << "Error in binding."; 
    } 

    // open the socket up for listening
    if (listen(sock, 5) != 0) { 
        cout << "Error in opening listener."; 
    } 
    cout << "Waiting for connections...." << endl; 

    char *msg = "Success! You are connected.\r\n"; 

    // continuously accept new connections.. but no multithreading.. yet
    while(1) { 

        struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
        socklen_t sin_size = sizeof(client_addr); 

        if(int client = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &sin_size)) { 
            cout << "Recived new connection from " << inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr) << endl; 
            send(client, msg, strlen(msg), 0); 
            while(1) { 
                send(client, buffer, recv(client, buffer, BUFSIZE, 0), 0);

                cout << buffer << endl; 
                strcpy(buffer, ""); 
            } 

        } else { 
            cout << "Error in accepting new connection." << endl; 
        } 

    } 

    close(sock); 
    return 0; 
} 

现在，我对套接字非常陌生，我只是想了解一下它们，但我确实对 PHP 中的套接字有一些经验。我在我的 linux 机器上通过 putty 使用 telnet 来测试这个，我不知道这是否会导致任何问题，但服务器正在输出一些奇怪的字符，我不知道为什么。我认为这与缓冲区有关，但我不太确定。我可以通过 telnet 向服务器发送诸如“hi”之类的内容，它会很好地输出它们并将它们发送回给我，但是当我发送诸如“hoobla”之类的内容时，它会启动时髦的字符内容。任何的意见都将会有帮助！

提前致谢！

Answer 1

因为recv 不会以空值终止您的缓冲区，所以您会打印出垃圾内容。

以下代码中的重要部分是：

int num = recv(client,buffer,BUFSIZE,0);
if (num < 1) break;

send(client, ">> ", 3, 0);     // <<-- Nice to have.
send(client, buffer, num, 0);

buffer[num] = '\0';            // <<-- Really important bit!

if (buffer[num-1] == '\n')     // <<-- Nice to have.
    buffer[num-1] = '\0';      // <<-- Nice to have.

cout << buffer << endl;

它将在尝试打印之前正确终止缓冲区，并删除尾随换行符（如果存在）（并允许客户端区分输入行和回显行）。

这个（一个完整的程序）效果好一点：

using namespace std;
#include <iostream>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

#define BUFSIZE 1000
#define PORT 1234

int main() {
    char buffer[BUFSIZE];

    // define our address structure, stores our port
    // and our ip address, and the socket type, etc..
    struct sockaddr_in addrinfo;
    addrinfo.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addrinfo.sin_port = htons(PORT);
    addrinfo.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;

    // create our socket.
    int sock;
    if ( (sock = socket(addrinfo.sin_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0))  < 0) {
        cout << "Error in creating the socket.";
        return -1;
    }

    // bind our socket to the actual adress we want
    if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&addrinfo, sizeof(addrinfo)) != 0) {
        cout << "Error in binding.";
        return -1;
    }

    // open the socket up for listening
    if (listen(sock, 5) != 0) {
        cout << "Error in opening listener.";
        return -1;
    }

    char *msg = "Success! You are connected.\r\n";

    // continuously accept new connections.. but no multithreading.. yet
    while(1) {
        cout << "Waiting for connections...." << endl;

        struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
        socklen_t sin_size = sizeof(client_addr);

        if(int client =
            accept(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &sin_size))
        {
            cout << "Recieved new connection from "
                << inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr) << endl;
            send(client, msg, strlen(msg), 0);
            while(1) {
                int num = recv(client,buffer,BUFSIZE,0);
                if (num < 1) break;
                send(client, ">> ", 3, 0);
                send(client, buffer, num, 0);

                buffer[num] = '\0';
                if (buffer[num-1] == '\n')
                    buffer[num-1] = '\0';
                cout << buffer << endl;
                strcpy(buffer, "");
            }
        } else {
            cout << "Error in accepting new connection." << endl;
        }
    }
    close(sock);
    return 0;
}

在客户端：

$ telnet 127.0.0.1 1234
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
Success! You are connected.
hello
>> hello
my name is pax
>> my name is pax
and you?
>> and you?
<CTRL-D>
Connection closed by foreign host.

并且，在服务器端：

$ ./testprog
Waiting for connections....
Recived new connection from 127.0.0.1
hello
my name is pax
and you?
Waiting for connections....

Answer 2

问题是buffer 不能保证包含以字符串结尾的空字符。在 cout << buffer 之前添加行 buffer[BUFSIZE-1] = '\0'。

更好的是，实际记录接收到的字节数，并使用该信息来确定是否超出缓冲区。