Python 3：套接字服务器使用 sendto() 函数发送到多个客户端

Question

我有一个设置了套接字和线程的服务器，当我将多个客户端连接到它时，如果一个客户端发送一条消息，服务器会将相同的消息重复给它，而不是所有其他连接的客户端。例如：

#server terminal
Server is connected on 8000
('127.0.0.1', 50328) is Connected
('127.0.0.1', 50329) is Connected
Received Message b'hi\n'

#Client 1 terminal
#input
[user1]hi
#returns:
[user1] b'hi\nhi\n'[user1]

#Client 2 terminal
#doesn't return anything, just sits at the prompt
[user2]

服务器的相关代码是：

def clientHandler():
    c, addr = s.accept() 
    print(addr, "is Connected")
    if addr not in clients:
        clients.append(addr)
    try:
        while True:
            data = c.recv(1024)
            if not data: 
                break 
            print("Received Message ", repr(data))
            for client in clients:
                c.sendto(data, client)
    except:
        print("Error. Data not sent.")

我已阅读以下资料，但无济于事：

python tcp server sending data to multiple clients

https://docs.python.org/3/library/socket.html

我必须怎么做才能让它通过服务器将 user1 的消息发送给所有其他用户？

编辑 1： 所有server.py代码：

from socket import *
from threading import Thread

clients = []

def clientHandler():
    c, addr = s.accept() 
    print(addr, "is Connected")
    if addr not in clients:
        clients.append(addr)
    try:
        while True:
            data = c.recv(1024)
            if not data: 
                break 
            for client in clients:
                c.sendto(data, client)
    except:
        print("Error. Data not sent to all clients.")

HOST = '' #localhost
PORT = 8000

s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
s.bind((HOST, PORT))
s.listen(5)

print("Server is running on "+ str(PORT))

#Thread(target=clientHandler).start()
#Thread(target=clientHandler).start()
#Thread(target=clientHandler).start()

for i in range(5): 
    Thread(target=clientHandler).start()

s.close()

Answer 1

我在您的代码中发现了一些问题 -

1. 你正在启动 clientHandler 线程，但是你没有让主线程加入任何线程，这可能会导致主线程在子线程完成处理之前死掉，我想你会想要保存 Thread 对象你创建一个变量，然后让它们加入主线程。

2. 您应该首先等待接受来自客户端的连接（在处理函数之外），而不是直接创建客户端处理程序，一旦获得连接，将其添加到客户端列表并将其发送到客户端处理程序。

3. 在您的代码中 - for client in clients: c.sendto(data, client) m 这会将数据发送到所有客户端，而不是您应该检查 client 是否不是该线程正在服务的 client，通过检查 addr线程正在服务中。

示例更改 -

from socket import *
from threading import Thread

clients = []

def clientHandler(c, addr):
    global clients
    print(addr, "is Connected")
    try:
        while True:
            data = c.recv(1024)
            if not data: 
                break 
            for client in clients:
                if addr != client:
                    c.sendto(data, client)
    except:
        print("Error. Data not sent to all clients.")

HOST = '' #localhost
PORT = 8000

s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
s.bind((HOST, PORT))
s.listen(5)

print("Server is running on "+ str(PORT))

#Thread(target=clientHandler).start()
#Thread(target=clientHandler).start()
#Thread(target=clientHandler).start()
trds = []

for i in range(5): 
    c, addr = s.accept() 
    clients.append(addr)
    t = Thread(target=clientHandler, args = (c, addr))
    trds.append(t)
    t.start()

for t in trds:
    t.join()

s.close()