Django 模板 - 使用字符串从表单呈现字段

Question

根据 django 的文档：

我们不必让 Django 解压表单的字段；如果我们愿意，我们可以手动完成（例如，允许我们重新排序字段）。每个字段都可以作为表单的属性使用 {{ form.name_of_field }}，并且在 Django 模板中，将被适当地呈现。

太棒了！我想让它更复杂......我想做一些{{ form."somefield" }} 的效果，这样我基本上可以做到：

{% for i in '012345'|make_list %}
  {% with y=forloop.counter|stringformat:"s" %}
  {% with somefield="somefield"|add:y %}
  {{form.somefield}} #either this
  {{form.somefield|add:y}} #this
  {{form.somefield{{i}}}} #this
  {{form.somefield{{forloop.counter}}}} #this
  #or other variations of that
  {% endwith %}
  {% endwith %}
{% endfor %}

基本上我需要在“somefield”属性的末尾添加一些变量，以便能够引用末尾有数字的字段。

---编辑---

这是用 python 表示的完整表模式

from django import forms


class NewGameForm(forms.Form):
    game_name = forms.CharField(max_length=50, required=True, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Game Name', 'class': 'has-validation form-control'}))
    category1 = forms.CharField(max_length=25, required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Category 1', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    category2 = forms.CharField(max_length=25, required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Category 2', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    category3 = forms.CharField(max_length=25, required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Category 3', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    category4 = forms.CharField(max_length=25, required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Category 4', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    category5 = forms.CharField(max_length=25, required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Category 5', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    category6 = forms.CharField(max_length=25, required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Category 6', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    q1values = forms.IntegerField(min_value=0, required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': '200', 'class': 'form-control'}))
    c1q1 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c1a1 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c2q1 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c2a1 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c3q1 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c3a1 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c4q1 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c4a1 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c5q1 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c5a1 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c6q1 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c6a1 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    q2values = forms.IntegerField(min_value=0, required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': '400', 'class': 'form-control'}))
    c1q2 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c1a2 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c2q2 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c2a2 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c3q2 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c3a2 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c4q2 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c4a2 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c5q2 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c5a2 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c6q2 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c6a2 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    q3values = forms.IntegerField(min_value=0, required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': '600', 'class': 'form-control'}))
    c1q3 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c1a3 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c2q3 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c2a3 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c3q3 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c3a3 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c4q3 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c4a3 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c5q3 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c5a3 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c6q3 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c6a3 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    q4values = forms.IntegerField(min_value=0, required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': '800', 'class': 'form-control'}))
    c1q4 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c1a4 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c2q4 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c2a4 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c3q4 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c3a4 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c4q4 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c4a4 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c5q4 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c5a4 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c6q4 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c6a4 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    q5values = forms.IntegerField(min_value=0, required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': '1000', 'class': 'form-control'}))
    c1q5 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c1a5 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c2q5 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c2a5 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c3q5 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c3a5 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c4q5 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c4a5 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c5q5 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c5a5 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))
    c6q5 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Question', 'class': 'form-control mt-1'}))
    c6a5 = forms.CharField(required=False, label="", widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Answer', 'class': 'form-control mt-1 mb-1'}))

给出一些上下文：

"category" + [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] 显然是类别。 "c1q1" 是第 1 类问题 1 的缩写。

想知道表格是什么样子的：

q-values Category1 Category2 Category3 Category4 Category5 Category6
q1values c1q1      c2q1      c3q1      c4q1      c5q1      c6q1
q2values c1q2      c2q2      c3q2      c4q2      c5q2      c6q2
q3values c1q3      c2q3      c3q3      c4q3      c5q3      c6q3
q4values c1q4      c2q4      c3q4      c4q4      c5q4      c6q4
q5values c1q5      c2q5      c3q5      c4q5      c5q5      c6q5

Answer 1

通过创建模板标签文件来创建自定义模板标签过滤器。 (https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/custom-template-tags/):

<appname>/templatetags/<appname>_extras.py

过滤器有两个参数，表单本身和作为字符串的字段名称。现在您可以访问字段字典。但是，请注意必须返回绑定字段。这可以通过 get_bound_field 函数来完成。 (https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/forms/api/#customizing-boundfield)

from django import template

register = template.Library()

@register.filter
def get_field(form, field_name):
    return form.fields[field_name].get_bound_field(form, field_name)

像这样在你的模板中使用它：

{% for i in '012345'|make_list %}
    {% with "somefield"|add:i as field_name %}
        {{ form|get_field:field_name }}
    {% endwith %}
{% endfor %}

不要忘记加载您的自定义过滤器：

{% load <appname>_extras %}