将while循环的内容转换为函数

Question

#Initialization
name=0
count=0
totalpr=0.0
#Load
name=input("Enter stock name OR -999 to Quit: ")
while name!='-999':
    count=count+1
    shares=int(input("Enter number of shares: "))
    pp=float(input("Enter purchase price: "))
    sp=float(input("Enter selling price: "))
    commission=float(input("Enter commission: "))
    #Calculations
    amount_paid=shares*pp
    commission_paid_purchase=amount_paid*commission
    amount_sold=shares*sp
    commission_paid_sale=amount_sold*commission
    profit_loss=(amount_sold - commission_paid_sale) -(amount_paid + commission_paid_purchase)
    totalpr=totalpr+profit_loss
    #Output
    print("\nStock Name:", name)
    print("Amount paid for the stock:       $",      format(amount_paid, '10,.2f'))
    print("Commission paid on the purchase: $", format(commission_paid_purchase, '10,.2f'))
    print("Amount the stock sold for:       $", format(amount_sold, '10,.2f'))
    print("Commission paid on the sale:     $", format(commission_paid_sale, '10,.2f'))
    print("Profit (or loss if negative):    $", format(profit_loss, '10,.2f'))
    name=input("\nEnter stock name OR -999 to Quit: ")
print("Total Profit is $", format(totalpr, '10,.2f'))

def main()

load() #to input the values
calc()
print()

如您所见，我不知道如何将“#Calculations”段落的内容转换为函数，以便在底部调用它。 “#Load”也是如此（我希望所有输入都在其中，即使它之间有一个while循环）。对于“#Output”，也称为“print()”，我也希望将其转换为函数。

我的底部是正确的，但我不知道如何编辑我的代码以使其整齐地融入函数的形式。代码本身很好，我只需要找到一种方法转换为函数然后调用它。我已经把调用部分放下了，所以我在某种意义上是在倒退。

Answer 1

这对你的几行代码没有意义，因为它会不必要地搞砸事情，但是你去吧：

def load():
    shares=int(input("Enter number of shares: "))
    pp=float(input("Enter purchase price: "))
    sp=float(input("Enter selling price: "))
    commission=float(input("Enter commission: "))
    return shares, pp, sp, commission

def calc(totalpr):
    amount_paid=shares*pp
    commission_paid_purchase=amount_paid*commission
    amount_sold=shares*sp
    commission_paid_sale=amount_sold*commission
    profit_loss=(amount_sold - commission_paid_sale) -(amount_paid + commission_paid_purchase)
    totalpr+=profit_loss
    return commission_paid_purchase, amount_paid, amount_sold, commission_paid_sale, profit_loss, totalpr

def output():
    print("\nStock Name:", name)
    print("Amount paid for the stock:       $",      format(amount_paid, '10,.2f'))
    print("Commission paid on the purchase: $", format(commission_paid_purchase, '10,.2f'))
    print("Amount the stock sold for:       $", format(amount_sold, '10,.2f'))
    print("Commission paid on the sale:     $", format(commission_paid_sale, '10,.2f'))
    print("Profit (or loss if negative):    $", format(profit_loss, '10,.2f'))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    #Initialization
    name=0
    count=0
    totalpr=0.0
    name=input("Enter stock name OR -999 to Quit: ")
    while name!='-999':
        count+=1
        #Load
        shares, pp, sp, commission = load()
        #Calculations
        commission_paid_purchase, amount_paid, amount_sold, commission_paid_sale, profit_loss, totalpr = calc(totalpr)
        #Output
        output()
        name=input("\nEnter stock name OR -999 to Quit: ")
print("Total Profit is $", format(totalpr, '10,.2f'))

请注意，在 while 循环范围内定义的变量对于从该循环中调用的函数自动可见。

Answer 2

这是一种将while循环内部转换为函数，然后使用主函数调用函数的方法。

您可以将此代码进一步分解为打印功能。只需为此使用 return 语句。

def calculate(shares,pp,sp,commission,name):
    totalpr = 0
    amount_paid=int(shares)*float(pp)
    commission_paid_purchase=float(amount_paid*commission)
    amount_sold=int(shares)*float(sp)
    commission_paid_sale=float(amount_sold*commission)
    profit_loss=float(amount_sold - commission_paid_sale) -float(amount_paid + commission_paid_purchase)
    totalpr=totalpr+profit_loss
    print("\nStock Name:", name)
    print("Amount paid for the stock:       $",      format(amount_paid, '10,.2f'))
    print("Commission paid on the purchase: $", format(commission_paid_purchase, '10,.2f'))
    print("Amount the stock sold for:       $", format(amount_sold, '10,.2f'))
    print("Commission paid on the sale:     $", format(commission_paid_sale, '10,.2f'))
    print("Profit (or loss if negative):    $", format(profit_loss, '10,.2f'))
    print("Total Profit is $", format(totalpr, '10,.2f'))
def main():
    name = input("Enter stock:")
    while name != '-999':
        calculate(5,1.22,11.33,11.44,name)
        name = input("Enter stock:")
main()